PAT Template----STL 2019.09.01

vector

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map

#include<cstdio>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<iostream>
#include<map>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	map<string,int>mp;
	mp["Lee"] =1;
	mp["Wang"]=2;
	mp["Kang"]=3;
	cout<<mp["Lee"]<<endl;
	
	
	for(map<string,int>::iterator it=mp.begin();it!=mp.end();it++)
	{
		//first-key second-value
		//map will ordered by first-key
		cout<<it->first<<" "<<it->second<<endl; 
	}
	
	cout<<mp.size()<<endl;
	
	map<string,int>::iterator it=mp.find("Lee");
	cout<<"Delete:"<<it->first<<"-"<<it->second<<endl;
	mp.erase(it);//delete "Lee" 
	
	//C++11 can use auto to replace map<string,int>::iterator
	for(auto it=mp.begin();it!=mp.end();it++)
	{
		//first-key second-value
		//map will ordered by first-key
		cout<<it->first<<" "<<it->second<<endl; 
	}
	
	mp.clear();
	cout<<mp.size();
}

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set

iterator    /ɪtə'reɪtə/  迭代器

#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<set>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	set<int>s;
	s.insert(1);
	s.insert(2);
	s.insert(3);
	s.insert(4);
	
	for(set<int>::iterator it=s.begin();it!=s.end();it++)
	{
		cout<< *it <<" ";
	} 
	cout<<endl;
	
	//如果没找到 *it 为set中最后一个元素
	//如果找到则为 要find的元素 
	set<int>::iterator it=s.find(2);
	cout<< *it <<endl;
	s.erase(2); 
	cout<<"s.size()=="<<s.size();
//	s.clear();
//	s.erase(s.begin(),s.end());
	
	//C++11 auto
	for(auto it=s.begin();it!=s.end();it++)
	{
		cout<< (*it) <<" ";
	} 
	cout<<endl;
}

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string

#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<sstream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	//string 返回子串位置 
	string str="It is a 78 full tree";
	if(str.find("full")!=string::npos)cout<<str.find("full")<<endl;
	if(str.find("full")!=-1)cout<<str.find("full")<<endl;
	//string 读取字符串中的 int 
	// #include<sstream> 
	istringstream istr(str);
	string temp;
	int integer;
	istr>>temp>>temp>>temp>>integer>>temp>>temp;
	cout<<integer<<endl;
	
	 
	//带空格string的输入与输出 
	string blank;
	getline(cin,blank);
	cout<<blank<<endl; 
	//reverse #include<algorithm>
	reverse(blank.begin(),blank.end());
	cout<<blank<<endl; 
	
	
	//string 初始化 输出 "hello world" 
	string strInit = "hello world";	
	cout<<strInit<<endl; 
	
	//string 拼接 输出 "hello-world-" 
        string stra="hello-";
	string strb="world-";
	string strJoint=stra+strb;
	cout<<strJoint<<endl;
	
	//string 比大小-字典序 
	if(stra>=strb)cout<<"stra>=strb"<<endl;
	if(stra!=strb)cout<<"stra!=strb"<<endl; 
	
	//string 长度
	string strLength="string length";
	cout<<strLength.length()<<endl; 
	
	//string 插入字符串 输出"abcdefghijklmn" 
	string beInserted="abchijklmn";
	string insert="defg";
	beInserted.insert(3,insert);
	cout<<beInserted<<endl; 
	
	//string 获取子串 substr(pos,len)
	string whole="i love china";
	string sub=whole.substr(7,5);
	cout<<sub<<endl; 
	
	//string 转换为 int  string to int stoi() 
	string a="10101000";
	int b=stoi(a); 
	cout<<b<<endl;
	
	//string int转换为string  to_string()
	int aa=98989;
	string bb=to_string(aa);
	cout<<bb<<endl;
 
} 

字符数组

#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#define MAX 1000
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	//sscanf and sprintf
	char a[50],b[50];double temp;
	scanf("%s",a);
	sscanf(a,"%lf",&temp);
	sprintf(b,"%0.2f",temp);
	printf("%s",b);
	// a=aaa b=0.00
	// a=2.3.4 b=2.30
	//a=7.123 b=7.12
	
	//blank & enter will stop it
	char str[MAX];
	scanf("%s",str);
	printf("%s",str); 
	
	//absorb enter
	getchar();cout<<endl;
	
	//input a line's string
	char str1[MAX];
	gets(str1);
	puts(str1);
	cout<<strlen(str1)<<endl;
	
} 

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