委托(delegate)和事件(event)

委托必须和欲委托的方法有同样的参数

委托就是一个类，任何可以声明类的地方都可以声明委托

 

定义事件的四个步骤：

    在事件发行者中定义事件

    在事件发行者中触发事件

    在事件订阅者中定义事件处理程序（必须和委托类型相一致）

    向事件发行者订阅一个事件

 

 using system; class publisher { public delegate void pubcomputer(string magazinename); public delegate void publife(string magazinename); public event pubcomputer onpubcomputer; public event publife onpublife; public void issuecomputer() { if (onpubcomputer!=null) { console.writeline("发行《电脑》杂志"); onpubcomputer("《电脑》杂志"); } } public void issuelife() { if (onpublife!=null) { console.writeline("发行《生活》杂志"); onpublife("《生活》杂志"); } } } class subscriber { private string name; public subscriber(string name) { this.name=name; } public void receive(string magazinename) { console.writeline(name+"已收到"+magazinename); } } class story { static void main() { publisher pub=new publisher(); subscriber zs=new subscriber("张三"); pub.onpubcomputer+=new publisher.pubcomputer(zs.receive); subscriber ls=new subscriber("李四"); pub.onpubcomputer+=new publisher.pubcomputer(ls.receive); pub.onpublife+=new publisher.publife(ls.receive); pub.issuecomputer(); pub.issuelife(); console.writeline(); console.writeline("一年后"); pub.onpubcomputer-=new publisher.pubcomputer(ls.recevice); pub.issuecomputer(); pub.issuelife(); } }

 

事件设计准则：

    事件的命名准则应使用PascalCasing命名方式

    声明DELEGATE时，使用VOID类型当返回值，EventName事件的事件委托是EventNameEventHandler，事件接受两个传入参数，一律命名为sender和e

    定义一个提供事件数据的类。对类以EventNameEventArgs进行命名，从system.EventArgs派生该类，然后添加所有事件特定的成员。

public delegate void EventNameEventHandler(onject sender,EventArgs e);

public event EventNameEventHandler EventName;

 

下面是根据事件设计准则规范以后的代码

using system; class PubEventArgs : EventArgs { private readonly string m_magazineName; private readonly DateTime m_pubDate; public PubEventArgs(string magazineName,DateTime pubDate) { m_magazineName=magazineName m_pubDate=pubDate; } public string magazineName { get { return m_magazineName;} } public DateTime pubDate { get { return m_pubDate;} } } class publisher { public delegate void pubcomputerEventHandler(object sender pubEventArgs e); public delegate void publifeEventHandler(object sender pubEventArgs e); public event pubcomputerEventHandler onpubcomputer; public event publifeEventHandler onpublife; protected virtual void OnPubComputer(PubEventArgs e) { pubComputerEventHandler handler=PubComputer; if (handler!=null) { handler(this,e); } } protected virtual void OnPubLife(PubEventArgs e) { pubLifeEventHandler handler=PubLife; if (handler!=null) { handler(this,e); } } public void issuecomputer(string magazineName,DateTime pubDate) { console.writeline("发行了"+magazineName); OnPubComputer(new PubEventArgs(magazineName,pubDate)); } public void issuelife(string magazineName,DateTime pubDate) { console.writeline("发行了"+magazineName); OnPubLife(new PubEventArgs(magazineName,pubDate)); } } class subscriber { private string name; public subscriber(string name) { this.name=name; } public void receive(onject sender,pubEventArgs e) { console.writeline(e.pubDate+" "+name+"已收到"+e.magazinename); } } class story { static void main() { publisher pub=new publisher(); subscriber zs=new subscriber("张三"); pub.onpubcomputer+=new publisher.pubcomputerEventHandler(zs.receive); subscriber ls=new subscriber("李四"); pub.onpubcomputer+=new publisher.pubcomputerEventHandler(ls.receive); pub.onpublife+=new publisher.publifeEventHandler(ls.receive); pub.issuecomputer("电脑杂志",Convert.ToDateTime("2007-1-1")); pub.issuelife("生活杂志",Convert.ToDateTime("2007-1-1")); console.writeline(); console.writeline("一年后"); pub.onpubcomputer-=new publisher.pubcomputerEventHandler(ls.recevice); pub.issuecomputer("电脑杂志",Convert.ToDateTime("2008-1-1")); pub.issuelife("生活杂志",Convert.ToDateTime("2008-1-1")); } }