Scala 02 面向对象 01（类的定义、构造器、继承、重写）

1 类的定义与使用

package com.lihaogn

object SimpleObjectApp {

  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

    val person = new People()

    person.name = "lisi"

    println(person.name + ".." + person.age)

    println(person.eat())

    person.watchFootball("china")

    person.printInfo()
  }

}

class People {

  // 定义属性
  var name: String = _ // "_"是占位符，使用时需要指定数据类型
  val age: Int = 10

  private[this] val gender = "male"

  def printInfo(): Unit = {
    println("gender:" + gender)
  }

  // 定义方法
  def eat(): String = {
    name + "eat..."
  }

  def watchFootball(teamName: String): Unit = {
    println(name + "is watching game of " + teamName)
  }
}

2 构造器

类似Java中的构造方法用途。

package com.lihaogn

object ConstructApp {

  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

    val person = new Person("lisi", 20)

    println(person.name + " : " + person.age + " : " + person.school)

    val person2 = new Person("zhangsan", 18, "Male")

    println(person2.name + " : "
      + person2.age + " : "
      + person2.school + " : "
      + person2.gender
    )
  }
}

// 主构造器
class Person(val name: String, val age: Int) {

  println("person construct enter...")

  val school = "njupt"
  var gender: String = _

  // 附属构造器
  def this(name: String, age: Int, gender: String) {
    this(name, age) // 附属构造器的第一行代码必须要调用主构造器或者其他附属构造器
    this.gender = gender
  }

  println("person construct leaving...")
}

3 继承

package com.lihaogn

object ConstructApp {

  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

    val student = new Student("lisi", 20, "computer")
    println(student.name + " " 
      + student.age + " " 
      + student.gender + " " 
      + student.major
    )
  }
}

// 主构造器
class Person(val name: String, val age: Int) {

  println("person construct enter...")

  val school = "njupt"
  var gender: String = _

  // 附属构造器
  def this(name: String, age: Int, gender: String) {
    this(name, age) // 附属构造器的第一行代码必须要调用主构造器或者其他附属构造器
    this.gender = gender
  }

  println("person construct leaving...")
}

// 子类特有的属性需要加var，否则外面访问不到
class Student(name: String, age: Int, var major: String) extends Person(name, age) {

  println("Student construct enter...")

  println("Student construct leaving...")
}

4 重写

package com.lihaogn

object ConstructApp {

  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

    println(student.toString)
  }
}

// 主构造器
class Person(val name: String, val age: Int) {

  println("person construct enter...")

  val school = "njupt"
  var gender: String = _

  // 附属构造器
  def this(name: String, age: Int, gender: String) {
    this(name, age) // 附属构造器的第一行代码必须要调用主构造器或者其他附属构造器
    this.gender = gender
  }

  println("person construct leaving...")
}

// 子类特有的属性需要加var，否则外面访问不到
class Student(name: String, age: Int, var major: String) extends Person(name, age) {

  println("Student construct enter...")

  // 重写属性
  override val school = "peking"

  // 重写方法
  override def toString: String = "Person: override def toString:" + school

  println("Student construct leaving...")
}