均方根速度公式:
V
n
ˉ
2
=
(
∑
j
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0
n
v
j
2
Δ
t
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/
(
∑
j
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0
n
Δ
t
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)
(1)
\bar{V_n}^2 = (\sum_{j=0}^n v_j^2 \Delta t_j) / (\sum_{j=0}^n \Delta t_j) \tag{1}
Vnˉ2=(j=0∑nvj2Δtj)/(j=0∑nΔtj)(1)
迪克斯方程:
v
n
2
=
V
ˉ
n
2
t
n
−
V
ˉ
n
−
1
2
t
n
−
1
t
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−
t
n
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1
(2)
v_n^2 = \frac{\bar{V}_n^2 t_n - \bar{V}_{n-1}^2 t_ {n-1}}{t_n - t_{n-1}} \tag{2}
vn2=tn−tn−1Vˉn2tn−Vˉn−12tn−1(2)
请从均方根速度推导迪克斯方程
解:
对(1)式移项有:
V
ˉ
n
2
∑
j
=
0
n
Δ
t
j
=
∑
j
=
0
n
v
j
2
Δ
t
j
(3)
\bar{V}_n^2 \sum_{j=0}^n \Delta t_j = \sum_{j=0}^n v_j^2 \Delta t_j \tag{3}
Vˉn2j=0∑nΔtj=j=0∑nvj2Δtj(3)
对于
Δ
t
j
=
t
j
−
t
j
−
1
\Delta t_j = t_j - t_{j-1}
Δtj=tj−tj−1,则有
∑
j
=
0
n
Δ
t
j
=
t
n
−
t
0
\sum_{j=0}^n \Delta t_j = t_n - t_0
∑j=0nΔtj=tn−t0,代入上式有
V
ˉ
n
2
(
t
n
−
t
0
)
=
∑
j
=
0
n
v
j
2
(
t
j
−
t
j
−
1
)
(4)
\bar{V}_n^2 (t_n - t_0) = \sum_{j=0}^n v_j^2 (t_j - t_{j-1}) \tag{4}
Vˉn2(tn−t0)=j=0∑nvj2(tj−tj−1)(4)
将
n
n
n替换为
n
−
1
n - 1
n−1时,则有:
V
ˉ
n
−
1
2
(
t
n
−
1
−
t
0
)
=
∑
j
=
0
n
−
1
v
j
2
(
t
j
−
t
j
−
1
)
(5)
\bar{V}_{n-1}^2 (t_{n-1} - t_0) = \sum_{j=0}^{n-1} v_j^2 (t_j - t_{j-1}) \tag{5}
Vˉn−12(tn−1−t0)=j=0∑n−1vj2(tj−tj−1)(5)
令
(
4
)
−
(
5
)
(4) - (5)
(4)−(5)则有
V
ˉ
n
2
t
n
−
V
ˉ
n
−
1
2
t
n
−
1
=
v
j
2
(
t
n
−
t
n
−
1
)
\bar{V}_n^2 t_n - \bar{V}_{n-1}^2 t_{n-1} = v_j^2 (t_n - t_{n-1})
Vˉn2tn−Vˉn−12tn−1=vj2(tn−tn−1)
整理则有:
v
n
2
=
V
ˉ
n
2
t
n
−
V
ˉ
n
−
1
2
t
n
−
1
t
n
−
t
n
−
1
(6)
v_n^2 = \frac{\bar{V}_n^2 t_n - \bar{V}_{n-1}^2 t_ {n-1}}{t_n - t_{n-1}} \tag{6}
vn2=tn−tn−1Vˉn2tn−Vˉn−12tn−1(6)
证毕。