Android UI树的measure原理

我们来看FrameLayout的onMeasure方法：

protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
    int count = getChildCount();

    final boolean measureMatchParentChildren =
            MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY ||
            MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
    mMatchParentChildren.clear();

    int maxHeight = 0;
    int maxWidth = 0;
    int childState = 0;

    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        final View child = getChildAt(i);
        if (mMeasureAllChildren || child.getVisibility() != GONE) {
            measureChildWithMargins(child, widthMeasureSpec, 0, heightMeasureSpec, 0);
            final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
            maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth,
                    child.getMeasuredWidth() + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin);
            maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight,
                    child.getMeasuredHeight() + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin);
            childState = combineMeasuredStates(childState, child.getMeasuredState());
            if (measureMatchParentChildren) {
                if (lp.width == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT ||
                        lp.height == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
                    mMatchParentChildren.add(child);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Account for padding too
    maxWidth += getPaddingLeftWithForeground() + getPaddingRightWithForeground();
    maxHeight += getPaddingTopWithForeground() + getPaddingBottomWithForeground();

    // Check against our minimum height and width
    maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight, getSuggestedMinimumHeight());
    maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth, getSuggestedMinimumWidth());

    // Check against our foreground's minimum height and width
    final Drawable drawable = getForeground();
    if (drawable != null) {
        maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight, drawable.getMinimumHeight());
        maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth, drawable.getMinimumWidth());
    }

    setMeasuredDimension(resolveSizeAndState(maxWidth, widthMeasureSpec, childState),
            resolveSizeAndState(maxHeight, heightMeasureSpec,
                    childState << MEASURED_HEIGHT_STATE_SHIFT));

    count = mMatchParentChildren.size();
    if (count > 1) {
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            final View child = mMatchParentChildren.get(i);

            final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
            int childWidthMeasureSpec;
            int childHeightMeasureSpec;

            if (lp.width == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
                childWidthMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(getMeasuredWidth() -
                        getPaddingLeftWithForeground() - getPaddingRightWithForeground() -
                        lp.leftMargin - lp.rightMargin,
                        MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
            } else {
                childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(widthMeasureSpec,
                        getPaddingLeftWithForeground() + getPaddingRightWithForeground() +
                        lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin,
                        lp.width);
            }

            if (lp.height == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
                childHeightMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(getMeasuredHeight() -
                        getPaddingTopWithForeground() - getPaddingBottomWithForeground() -
                        lp.topMargin - lp.bottomMargin,
                        MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
            } else {
                childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(heightMeasureSpec,
                        getPaddingTopWithForeground() + getPaddingBottomWithForeground() +
                        lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin,
                        lp.height);
            }

            child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
        }
    }
}

整个过程可以分为三个部分：
**1. 决定FrameLayout的所有孩子View的大小
2. 决定FrameLayout自身的大小
3. 决定有match_parent属性的孩子的大小（在第一步还不知道FrameLayout的大小，所以要在决定了FrameLayout的大小之后才能做这件事情）**

第一个部分：
代码如下，来自ViewGroup

protected void measureChildWithMargins(View child,
        int parentWidthMeasureSpec, int widthUsed,
        int parentHeightMeasureSpec, int heightUsed) {
    final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();

    final int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentWidthMeasureSpec,
            mPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin
                    + widthUsed, lp.width);
    final int childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentHeightMeasureSpec,
            mPaddingTop + mPaddingBottom + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin
                    + heightUsed, lp.height);

    child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
}

这里有一个MeasureSpec的概念，它有32位组成，最高的2位用来表示模式（父亲对孩子的尺寸的约束），低30位用来表示尺寸。

模式有三种：EXACTLY，AT_MOST，UNSPECIFIED

从以上方法可以看到，孩子的大小决定于：父亲的padding参数、自身的margin参数和自身设定的大小尺寸。

第二个部分：
maxWidth、maxHeight记录了所有孩子中的最大宽和高，然后再加上容器自身的padding参数，以及从容器的父亲来的MeasureSpec参数，决定了容器的尺寸

setMeasuredDimension(resolveSizeAndState(maxWidth, widthMeasureSpec, childState),
                resolveSizeAndState(maxHeight, heightMeasureSpec,
                        childState << MEASURED_HEIGHT_STATE_SHIFT));

第三部分：
我们可以看到，在第一部分所有的带match_parent参数的孩子都被加入到了一个集合中，这个部分就是对集合中的孩子进行处理。
这里孩子的宽高等于容器的宽高减去容器的padding，再减去孩子的margin参数。