JSON封装与解码

cJSON

cJSON为json解析库，用于构建解析Json格式。

cJSON 开源项目位置：点击打开链接

JSON 主页:http://www.json.org/

 

json结构体

typedef struct cJSON {  
 struct cJSON *next,*prev;   
 struct cJSON *child;   
 int type;   
 char *valuestring;   
 int valueint;  
 double valuedouble;   
 char *string;   
} cJSON;  

 

说明

1. cJSON结构体为双向链表，可利用child指针可访问下一层

2. type决定了数据项（键）类型，valueint对应整形数据，其他类似

3. string为节点名称，即：键名称

 

封装json函数说明

1. cJSON_CreateObject(); //创建根数据对象

2. cJSON_AddStringToObject(usr,"name","fengxin"); //在usr根数据中加入string类型的键，键名为：name，键值为：fengxin

3. cJSON_Print(usr); //将json形式打印成正常字符串形式，因json中的string与普通string不同，需要进行转换使用

4. cJSON_PrintUnformatted(usr) ; //用法与上同，区别在于该函数转换的格式不带\t、\n，不如3转换后美观

5. cJSON_Delete(usr) ; //内存回收

6. cJSON_AddItemToArray(root, cJSON_CreateString("Hello world")); //在usr根数据中添加string类型的数组

7. cJSON_AddItemToArray(root, cJSON_CreateNumber(10)); //添加整型数组

 

解析json数据

1. 将普通json串变成json对象，即创建json root过程

   cJSON *root;
   root = cJSON_Parse(js_string); 

2. 提取关键字，从辈分高的祖层开始拿，其次为父层...

   例：out={"name":"fengxin","passwd":"123","num":1}

   cJSON *json,*json_name,*json_passwd,*json_num;
   ​
   json = cJSON_Parse(out); //解析成json形式
   json_name = cJSON_GetObjectItem( json , "name" );  //获取键值内容
   json_passwd = cJSON_GetObjectItem( json , "passwd" );
   json_num = cJSON_GetObjectItem( json , "num" );

   含父层例：s = {"list":{"name":"xiao hong","age":10},"other":{"name":"hua hua"}}

   char *s = "{\"list\":{\"name\":\"xiao hong\",\"age\":10},\"other\":{\"name\":\"hua hua\"}}";
   cJSON *root = cJSON_Parse(s);
   if(!root) {
       printf("get root faild !\n");
       return -1;
   }
    
   cJSON *js_list = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, "list");
   if(!js_list) {
       printf("no list!\n");
       return -1;
   }
   printf("list type is %d\n",js_list->type);
    
   cJSON *name = cJSON_GetObjectItem(js_list, "name");
   if(!name) {
       printf("No name !\n");
       return -1;
   }
   printf("name type is %d\n",name->type);
   printf("name is %s\n",name->valuestring);
    
   cJSON *age = cJSON_GetObjectItem(js_list, "age");
   if(!age) {
       printf("no age!\n");
       return -1;
   }
   printf("age type is %d\n", age->type);
   printf("age is %d\n",age->valueint);
    
   cJSON *js_other = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, "other");
   if(!js_other) {
       printf("no list!\n");
       return -1;
   }
   printf("list type is %d\n",js_other->type);
    
   cJSON *js_name = cJSON_GetObjectItem(js_other, "name");
   if(!js_name) {
       printf("No name !\n");
       return -1;
   }
   printf("name type is %d\n",js_name->type);
   printf("name is %s\n",js_name->valuestring);
    
   if(root)
       cJSON_Delete(root);
       return 0;

   这里考虑严格，先进行了item判断，随后才进行取值

3. json数组提取

   例：{"list":["name1","name2"]}

   char *s = "{\"list\":[\"name1\",\"name2\"]}";
   cJSON *root = cJSON_Parse(s);
   if(!root) {
       printf("get root faild !\n");
       return -1;
   }
   cJSON *js_list = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, "list");
   if(!js_list){
       printf("no list!\n");
       return -1;
   }
   int array_size = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_list);
   printf("array size is %d\n",array_size);
   int i = 0;
   cJSON *item;
   for(i=0; i< array_size; i++) {
       item = cJSON_GetArrayItem(js_list, i);
       printf("item type is %d\n",item->type);
       printf("%s\n",item->valuestring);
   }
    
   if(root)
       cJSON_Delete(root);

4. 数组中包含对象的提取

   例：{"list":[{"name":"xiao hong","age":10},{"name":"hua hua","age":11}]}

   char *s = "{\"list\":[{\"name\":\"xiao hong\",\"age\":10},{\"name\":\"hua hua\",\"age\":11}]}";
   cJSON *root = cJSON_Parse(s);
   if(!root) {
       printf("get root faild !\n");
       return -1;
   }
   cJSON *js_list = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, "list");
   if(!js_list){
       printf("no list!\n");
       return -1;
   }
   int array_size = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_list);
   printf("array size is %d\n",array_size);
   int i = 0;
   cJSON *item,*it, *js_name, *js_age;
   char *p  = NULL;
   for(i=0; i< array_size; i++) {
       item = cJSON_GetArrayItem(js_list, i);
       if(!item) {
           //TODO...
       }
       p = cJSON_PrintUnformatted(item);
       it = cJSON_Parse(p);
       if(!it)
           continue ;
       js_name = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "name");
       printf("name is %s\n",js_name->valuestring);
       js_age = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "age");
       printf("age is %d\n",js_age->valueint);
    
   }
    
   if(root)
       cJSON_Delete(root);