Java实现二叉树的递归与非递归遍历

其中二叉树节点类

/** 二叉树节点 */
public class BTNode {
   private char key;
   private BTNode left, right;
   public BTNode(char key) {
     this(key, null, null);
   }
   public BTNode(char key, BTNode left, BTNode right) {
     this.key = key;
     this.left = left;
     this.right = right;
   }
   public char getKey() {
     return key;
   }
   public void setKey(char key) {
     this.key = key;
   }
   public BTNode getLeft() {
     return left;
   }
   public void setLeft(BTNode left) {
     this.left = left;
   }
   public BTNode getRight() {
     return right;
   }
   public void setRight(BTNode right) {
     this.right = right;
   }
}

遍历二叉树

/** 二叉树遍历 */
public class BinTree {
   protected BTNode root;
   public BinTree(BTNode root) {
     this.root = root;
   }
   public BTNode getRoot() {
     return root;
   }
   /** 构造树 */
   public static BTNode init() {
     BTNode a = new BTNode('A');
     BTNode b = new BTNode('B', null, a);
     BTNode c = new BTNode('C');
     BTNode d = new BTNode('D', b, c);
     BTNode e = new BTNode('E');
     BTNode f = new BTNode('F', e, null);
     BTNode g = new BTNode('G', null, f);
     BTNode h = new BTNode('H', d, g);
     return h;// root
   }
   /** 访问节点 */
   public static void visit(BTNode p) {
     System.out.print(p.getKey() + " ");
   }
   /** 递归实现前序遍历 */
   protected static void preorder(BTNode p) {
     if (p != null) {
       visit(p);
       preorder(p.getLeft());
       preorder(p.getRight());
     }
   }
   /** 递归实现中序遍历 */
   protected static void inorder(BTNode p) {
     if (p != null) {
       inorder(p.getLeft());
       visit(p);
       inorder(p.getRight());
     }
   }
   /** 递归实现后序遍历 */
   protected static void postorder(BTNode p) {
     if (p != null) {
       postorder(p.getLeft());
       postorder(p.getRight());
       visit(p);
     }
   }
   /** 非递归实现前序遍历 */
   protected static void iterativePreorder(BTNode p) {
     Stack<BTNode> stack = new Stack<BTNode>();
     if (p != null) {
       stack.push(p);
       while (!stack.empty()) {
         p = stack.pop();
         visit(p);
         if (p.getRight() != null)
           stack.push(p.getRight());
         if (p.getLeft() != null)
           stack.push(p.getLeft());
       }
     }
   }
   /** 非递归实现后序遍历 */
   protected static void iterativePostorder(BTNode p) {
     BTNode q = p;
     Stack<BTNode> stack = new Stack<BTNode>();
     while (p != null) {
       // 左子树入栈
       for (; p.getLeft() != null; p = p.getLeft())
         stack.push(p);
       // 当前节点无右子或右子已经输出
       while (p != null && (p.getRight() == null || p.getRight() == q)) {
         visit(p);
         q = p;// 记录上一个已输出节点
         if (stack.empty())
           return;
         p = stack.pop();
       }
       // 处理右子
       stack.push(p);
       p = p.getRight();
     }
   }
   /** 非递归实现中序遍历 */
   protected static void iterativeInorder(BTNode p) {
     Stack<BTNode> stack = new Stack<BTNode>();
     while (p != null) {
       while (p != null) {
         if (p.getRight() != null)
           stack.push(p.getRight());// 当前节点右子入栈
         stack.push(p);// 当前节点入栈
         p = p.getLeft();
       }
       p = stack.pop();
       while (!stack.empty() && p.getRight() == null) {
         visit(p);
         p = stack.pop();
       }
       visit(p);
       if (!stack.empty())
         p = stack.pop();
       else
         p = null;
     }
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
     BinTree tree = new BinTree(init());
     System.out.print(" Pre-Order:");
     preorder(tree.getRoot());
     System.out.println();
     System.out.print(" In-Order:");
     inorder(tree.getRoot());
     System.out.println();
     System.out.print("Post-Order:");
     postorder(tree.getRoot());
     System.out.println();
     System.out.print(" Pre-Order:");
     iterativePreorder(tree.getRoot());
     System.out.println();
     System.out.print(" In-Order:");
     iterativeInorder(tree.getRoot());
     System.out.println();
     System.out.print("Post-Order:");
     iterativePostorder(tree.getRoot());
     System.out.println();
   }
}

输出结果

Pre-Order:H D B A C G F E
  In-Order:B A D C H G E F
Post-Order:A B C D E F G H
Pre-Order:H D B A C G F E
  In-Order:B A D C H G E F
Post-Order:A B C D E F G H 

本文出自 “子 孑” 博客,请务必保留此出处 http://zhangjunhd.blog.51cto.com/113473/82616

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