字符设备（2）面向设备对象

/*
改进：从设备读写
*/
/*
对设备属性进行了封装，读写时重要的改变
*/
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>

#define P_DEBUG(fmt, args...) printk("<kernel>[%s]"fmt, __FUNCTION__, ##args)
#define DEVSIZE 512
//将设备属性封装成一个结构体，表示一个字符设备
struct test_dev_t {
	char kbuf[DEVSIZE];
	int curr_size;
	int major;
	int minor;
	dev_t devno;
	struct cdev test_cdev;
}*dev;
/*
static dev_t devno;
static int major = 0;
static int minor = 0;
struct cdev test_cdev;
*/
//设备驱动的操作方法
static int test_open(struct inode *,struct file *);
static int test_close(struct inode *,struct file *);
static ssize_t test_read(struct file *, char __user *, size_t , loff_t *);
static ssize_t test_write(struct file *, const char __user *, size_t, loff_t *);

struct file_operations test_fops = {
	.open = test_open,
	.release = test_close,
	.read = test_read,
	.write = test_write,
};
//打开设备
static int test_open(struct inode *inode,struct file *filp)
{
	P_DEBUG("dev open!\n");	
//***重要改变，打开设备时将设备属性结构体赋值给打开设备文件的似有数据
	struct test_dev_t *dev;//驱动程序获取设备的通用方法
	dev = container_of(inode->i_cdev,struct test_dev_t,test_cdev);
	filp->private_data = dev;//利用设备文件的私有数据结构，保存设备相关的数据结构

	return 0;
}
//释放设备
static int test_close(struct inode *inode,struct file *filp)
{
	P_DEBUG("dev close!\n");
	return 0;
}
//从设备读取
static ssize_t test_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *offset)
{
	int ret;
	//***重要改变，现在从设备读取
	struct test_dev_t *dev = filp->private_data; 

	if (!dev->curr_size)//字符设备没有数据
		return 0;

	if (copy_to_user(buf,dev->kbuf,count)) {//安全性检查
		return -EFAULT;
	}
	else {
		ret = count;
		//修改设备文件当前偏移量
		dev->curr_size -= count;
		P_DEBUG("buf is [%s]\n", buf);
	}
	return ret; 
} 

//写入设备
static ssize_t test_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *offset)
{
	int ret;	
 	//***重要改变，现在写到设备
	struct test_dev_t *dev = filp->private_data;
	P_DEBUG("dev->curr_size[%d]\n",dev->curr_size);
	if (copy_from_user(dev->kbuf,buf,count)) {
		return -EFAULT;
	}
	else {
		ret = count;
		//修改设备文件当前偏移量
		dev->curr_size += count;
		P_DEBUG("dev->curr_size[%d]\n",dev->curr_size);	
 		P_DEBUG("kbuf is [%s]\n", dev->kbuf); 
	}
 	return ret;
 }

//初始化设备属性
static struct test_dev_t* dev_init(struct test_dev_t *dev)
{
	dev = kmalloc(sizeof(struct test_dev_t), GFP_KERNEL);
	memset(dev->kbuf,0,DEVSIZE);
	dev->curr_size = 0;
	dev->major = 0;
	dev->minor = 0;
	
	return dev;
}

static int __init test_init(void)
{
	int ret;
	//很重要的部分，定义并初始化一个设备	
	dev = dev_init(dev);
	//申请字符设备号
	if (dev->major) {
		dev->devno = MKDEV(dev->major,dev->minor);
		ret = register_chrdev_region(dev->devno,1,"test_dev");
	}
	else {//动态分配
		ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&dev->devno,dev->minor,1,"test_dev");
		dev->major = MAJOR(dev->devno);
		dev->minor = MINOR(dev->devno);
	}	
	
	if (ret < 0) {
		P_DEBUG("register chrdev devno err!\n");
		goto err_regDevno;
	}
	
	printk("major[%d] minor[%d]\n",dev->major,dev->minor);

	//注册设备
	cdev_init(&dev->test_cdev,&test_fops);//初始化cdev结构体
	dev->test_cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
	ret = cdev_add(&dev->test_cdev,dev->devno,1);//将设备加到字符设备数据库

	if (ret < 0) {
		P_DEBUG("add cdev error!\n");
		goto err_addCdev;
	}
	
	return 0;
err_addCdev:
	unregister_chrdev_region(dev->devno,1);	
err_regDevno:
	return ret;
}

static int __exit test_exit(void)
{
	cdev_del(&dev->test_cdev);//从字符设备数据库删除cdev
	unregister_chrdev_region(dev->devno,1);//释放设备号

	return 0;
}

module_init(test_init);
module_exit(test_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("LL");
MODULE_VERSION("1.2");