从Python对象三要素来看is和==的区别

Python对象三要素

Python对象包含三个基本要素id,type和value：

要素	说明	获取方式
id	身份标识，基本就是内存地址	id(obj)
type	数据类型	type(obj)
value	值

is和==的区别

标识	名称	判断因素
is	同一性运算符	id
==	比较运算符	value

举例

例1

a = {"a":1, "b":2}
b = a.copy()

a == b  # True value一样
a is b  # False id不一样

例2

>>> x = y = [4,5,6]
>>> z = [4,5,6]
>>> x == y
True
>>> x == z
True
>>> x is y
True
>>> x is z
False
>>>
>>> print id(x)
>>> print id(y)
>>> print id(z)

例3

>>> a = 1 #a和b为数值类型
>>> b = 1
>>> a is b
True
>>> id(a)
>>> id(b)
>>> a = 'cheesezh' #a和b为字符串类型
>>> b = 'cheesezh'
>>> a is b
True
>>> id(a)
>>> id(b)
>>> a = (1,2,3) #a和b为元组类型
>>> b = (1,2,3)
>>> a is b
False
>>> id(a)
>>> id(b)
>>> a = [1,2,3] #a和b为list类型
>>> b = [1,2,3]
>>> a is b
False
>>> id(a)
>>> id(b)
>>> a = {'cheese':1,'zh':2} #a和b为dict类型
>>> b = {'cheese':1,'zh':2}
>>> a is b
False
>>> id(a)
>>> id(b)
>>> a = set([1,2,3])#a和b为set类型
>>> b = set([1,2,3])
>>> a is b
False
>>> id(a)
>>> id(b)

通过例3可看出，只有数值型和字符串型的情况下，a is b才为True，当a和b是tuple，list，dict或set型时，a is b为False。

参考

• Objects, values and types
• Value comparisons
• Python中is和==的区别