使用httpClient发送请求get和post

1. 导入httpClient相关的jar包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.5.4</version>
</dependency>

2.【使用httpClient发送get请求】

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 1) 确定首页url
        String indexUrl = "http://www.itcast.cn?username=zs&password=123";
        // 2) 创建httpClient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();  //
        // 3) 创建请求方式的对象 : get  post    相当于 request
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(indexUrl);
        // 4) 设置请求参数, 请求头
        // setHeader()  和 addHeader()  : 都是用来设置请求头, set是用来设置一个头对应一个value,add设置一个头对应多个value的情况
        httpGet.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/35.0.1916.153 Safari/537.36");

        // 5) 发送请求, 获取响应对象:response
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
        // 6) 获取数据:
        // 6.1) 获取响应行
        int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();  // 获取状态码
        System.out.println(code);
        if(200 == code){
            // 请求成功
            // 6.2) 获取响应头
            Header[] headers = response.getHeaders("Content-Type");
            for (Header header : headers) {
                String value = header.getValue();
                System.out.println(value);
            }

            // 6.3) 获取响应体
            HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
            //InputStream inputStream = httpEntity.getContent();  // 这种方式一般是用来获取图片, 视频  二进制的数据
            String html = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8");
            System.out.println(html);
        }


        // 7) 释放资源
        httpClient.close();

    }

3）【使用httpClient发送Post请求】

  public static void main(String[] args) throws  Exception {
        // 1) 确定首页url
        String indexUrl = "http://www.itcast.cn";
        // 2) 创建httpClient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        // 3) 创建请求方式的对象   ---- request
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(indexUrl);
        // 4) 设置请求参数, 请求头
        List<BasicNameValuePair> list  = new ArrayList<BasicNameValuePair>();
        list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username","ls"));
        list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password","123"));
        list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("a","123"));
        list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("b","123"));
        HttpEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list);
        httpPost.setEntity(entity);

        // 5) 发送请求, 获取响应对象:response
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
        // 6) 获取数据:
        // 6.1) 获取响应行
        int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
        if(200 == code){
            // 6.2) 获取响应头
            Header[] headers = response.getAllHeaders();
            for (Header header : headers) {
                String value = header.getValue();
                System.out.println(value);
            }
            // 6.3) 获取响应体
            HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();

            String html = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8");
            System.out.println(html);

        }

        // 7) 释放资源
        httpClient.close();

    }

4）总结httpClient使用步骤

1) 确定首页url
2) 创建httpClient对象 :  httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
3) 创建请求方式的对象 :  HttpGet  HttpPost
4) 设置请求参数, 请求头
	头:  setHeader(name,value)
	请求参数(post):
		 List<BasicNameValuePair> list  = new ArrayList<BasicNameValuePair>();
         list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username","ls"));
         HttpEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list);
         httpPost.setEntity(entity);
5) 发送请求, 获取响应对象: response  = httpClient.execute(httpGet/httpPost)
6) 获取数据:
	6.1) 获取响应行 :  code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
	6.2) 获取响应头 : response.getHeaders("name")
	6.3) 获取响应体 :  
		entityUtils.toString(response.getentity(),"UTF-8");  获取文本类型
		InputStream in = response.getentity().getContent(); 获取字节类型
7) 释放资源 :