问题及代码:
/*
* Copyright (c) 2015, 烟台大学计算机学院
* All rights reserved.
* 文件名称:friend.cpp
* 作 者:李楠
* 完成日期:2015年4月11日
* 版 本 号:v1.0
*
* 问题描述: 阅读教材例10.1。该例实现了一个复数类,但是美中不足的是,复数类的实部和虚部都固定只能是double型的。
可以通过模板类的技术手段,设计Complex,使实部和虚部的类型为定义对象时指定的实际类型。
* 输入描述:(1)要求类成员函数在类外定义。
(2)在此基础上,再实现减法、乘法和除法
* 程序输出:略
*/
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
template <class numtype>
class Complex
{
public:
Complex (numtype a=0,numtype b=0):real(a),imag(b){};
Complex <numtype> complex_add(Complex<numtype> &c);
Complex <numtype> complex_minus(Complex<numtype> &c);
Complex <numtype> complex_multiply(Complex<numtype> &c);
Complex <numtype> complex_divide(Complex<numtype> &c);
void display();
private:
numtype real,imag;
};
//template <class numtype>
//Complex <numtype> Complex <numtype>::Complex (numtype a,numtype b)
//{
//real=a;
//imag=b;
//}
template <class numtype>
void Complex <numtype>::display()
{
cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;
}
template <class numtype>
Complex <numtype> Complex <numtype>::complex_add(Complex<numtype> &c)//相加
{
Complex<numtype> c1;
c1.real=real+c.real;
c1.imag=imag+c.imag;
return c1;
}
template <class numtype>
Complex <numtype> Complex <numtype>::complex_minus(Complex<numtype> &c)//相减
{
Complex<numtype> c1;
c1.real=real-c.real;
c1.imag=imag-c.imag;
return c1;
}
template <class numtype>
Complex <numtype> Complex <numtype>::complex_multiply(Complex<numtype> &c)//相乘
{
Complex<numtype> c1;
c1.real=real*c.real-imag*c.imag;
c1.imag=imag*c.real+real*c.imag;
return c1;
}
template <class numtype>
Complex <numtype> Complex <numtype>::complex_divide(Complex<numtype> &c)//相除
{
Complex<numtype> c1;
c1.real=(real*c.real+imag*c.imag)/(c.real*c.real+c.imag*c.imag);
c1.imag=(imag*c.real-real*c.imag)/(c.real*c.real+c.imag*c.imag);
return c1;
}
int main( )
{
Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3; //实部和虚部是int型
c3=c1.complex_add(c2);
cout<<"c1+c2=";
c3.display( );
Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6; //实部和虚部是double型
c6=c4.complex_add(c5);
cout<<"c4+c5=";
c6.display( );
//下面测试减法、乘法和除法
c3=c1.complex_minus(c2);
cout<<"c1-c2=";
c3.display( );
c6=c4.complex_minus(c5);
cout<<"c4-c5=";
c6.display( );
c3=c1.complex_multiply(c2);
cout<<"c1×c2=";
c3.display( );
c6=c4.complex_multiply(c5);
cout<<"c4×c5=";
c6.display( );
c3=c1.complex_divide(c2);
cout<<"c1÷c2=";
c3.display( );
c6=c4.complex_divide(c5);
cout<<"c4÷c5=";
c6.display( );
return 0;
}
运行结果:
知识点总结:
要注意成员函数的声明和定义的格式, 记住负数计算公式真的很痛苦啊~~~~我还是查资料比较拿手~
学习心得:
错误改得也是很醉啊,不过改完了就好了。