20110529-Day01 Xml的解析，jaxp

jaxp是sun公司解析文档的官方标准，他跟dom4j一样都有dom跟sax两种读取方法。

dom解析文档的话，他首先开始就把整个文档装载进内存，用对象来表示，从而就可以拿各个节点

（如果有时候读取文档的大小太大的话，会出现内存溢出异常，因为jvm默认最大运行程序的是64M，因此可以在启动jvm的时候后面带上参数  -Xmx??m  (??是要修改的jvm内存大小)来修改内存大小）

dom解析 适合对文档的增删改查  缺点是内存消耗大，
sax解析 是边读取边处理 处理文档快 内存消耗小  缺点是不适合对文档的增删改查

 

下面是一个小程序，用jaxp来模拟操作文档的内容。

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <exam> <student examid="222" idcard="111"> <name>张</name> <location>沈阳</location> <grade>89</grade> </student> <student examid="444" idcard="333"> <name>李四</name> <location>大连</location> <grade>97</grade> </student> <student examid="11111" idcard="12121212"> <name>xxx</name> <location>北京</location> <grade>90.0</grade> </student> <student examid="1212" idcard="121332"> <name>张三</name> <location>沈阳</location> <grade>32.0</grade> </student> <student examid="654321" idcard="123456"> <name>lb</name> <location>广东</location> <grade>99.0</grade> </student> <student examid="10086" idcard="10000"> <name>中国移动</name> <location>北京</location> <grade>10.0</grade> </student> </exam>

 

一般开发程序，都是从底层开始，实体---操作数据库的----（有时候用到一些工具包）---用户界面

 

package com.linbin.domain; public class Student { private String examid; private String idcard; private String name; private String location; private double grade; public String getExamid() { return examid; } public void setExamid(String examid) { this.examid = examid; } public String getIdcard() { return idcard; } public void setIdcard(String idcard) { this.idcard = idcard; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getLocation() { return location; } public void setLocation(String location) { this.location = location; } public double getGrade() { return grade; } public void setGrade(double grade) { this.grade = grade; } }

 

package com.linbin.dao; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.Element; import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; import com.linbin.domain.Student; import com.linbin.exception.StudentAlreadyExistException; import com.linbin.exception.StudentNotFoundException; import com.linbin.utils.XmlUtils; public class StudentDao { public void add(Student student) throws StudentAlreadyExistException { try { if (find(student.getExamid()) == null) { Document document = XmlUtils.getDocument(); Element e_stu = document.createElement("student"); e_stu.setAttribute("examid", student.getExamid()); e_stu.setAttribute("idcard", student.getIdcard()); Element e_name = document.createElement("name"); e_name.setTextContent(student.getName()); Element e_location = document.createElement("location"); e_location.setTextContent(student.getLocation()); Element e_grade = document.createElement("grade"); e_grade.setTextContent(student.getGrade() + ""); e_stu.appendChild(e_name); e_stu.appendChild(e_location); e_stu.appendChild(e_grade); document.getElementsByTagName("exam").item(0).appendChild(e_stu); XmlUtils.writeDocument(document); } else { throw new StudentAlreadyExistException(student.getName() + "同学已存在！"); } } catch (StudentAlreadyExistException e) { throw e; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } public Student find(String examid) { try { Document document = XmlUtils.getDocument(); NodeList nodeList = document.getElementsByTagName("student"); for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) { Element e_stu = (Element) nodeList.item(i); if (examid.equals(e_stu.getAttribute("examid"))) { Student stu = new Student(); stu.setExamid(examid); stu.setGrade(Double.parseDouble(e_stu.getElementsByTagName( "grade").item(0).getTextContent())); stu.setIdcard(e_stu.getAttribute("idcard")); stu.setLocation(e_stu.getElementsByTagName("location") .item(0).getTextContent()); stu.setName(e_stu.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0) .getTextContent()); return stu; } } return null; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } public void delete(String name) throws StudentNotFoundException { try { Document document = XmlUtils.getDocument(); NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("name"); for(int i=0;i<list.getLength();i++){ Element e_name = (Element) list.item(i); if(e_name.getTextContent().equals(name)){ e_name.getParentNode().getParentNode().removeChild(e_name.getParentNode()); XmlUtils.writeDocument(document); return; } } throw new StudentNotFoundException(name + "同学不存在！！"); }catch (StudentNotFoundException e) { throw e; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } }

 

package com.linbin.utils; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException; import javax.xml.transform.Transformer; import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException; import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory; import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactoryConfigurationError; import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource; import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.xml.sax.SAXException; public class XmlUtils { private static String xml = "src/exam.xml"; public static Document getDocument() throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException{ DocumentBuilder builder = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder(); return builder.parse(new File(xml)); } public static void writeDocument(Document document) throws TransformerFactoryConfigurationError, TransformerException{ Transformer transformer = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer(); transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(new File(xml))); } }

 

package com.linbin.exception; public class StudentAlreadyExistException extends Exception { public StudentAlreadyExistException() { // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public StudentAlreadyExistException(String message) { super(message); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public StudentAlreadyExistException(Throwable cause) { super(cause); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public StudentAlreadyExistException(String message, Throwable cause) { super(message, cause); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } }

 

package com.linbin.exception; public class StudentNotFoundException extends Exception { public StudentNotFoundException() { // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public StudentNotFoundException(String message) { super(message); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public StudentNotFoundException(Throwable cause) { super(cause); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public StudentNotFoundException(String message, Throwable cause) { super(message, cause); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } }

 

package com.linbin.UI; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import com.linbin.dao.StudentDao; import com.linbin.domain.Student; public class ExamUI { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { try{ while(true){ System.out.println("---------欢迎使用本查询系统：---------"); System.out.println("添加学生 （a） 查找学生 （b） 删除学生（c） 按其他键则退出程序。。"); System.out.print("请输入要操作的类型："); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); String type = br.readLine(); StudentDao dao = new StudentDao(); if("a".equals(type)){ Student student = new Student(); System.out.print("请输入学生考试号："); String examid = br.readLine(); System.out.print("请输入学生身份证号："); String idcard = br.readLine(); System.out.print("请输入学生姓名："); String name = br.readLine(); System.out.print("请输入学生通讯地址："); String location = br.readLine(); System.out.print("请输入学生成绩："); String grade = br.readLine(); student.setExamid(examid); student.setGrade(Double.parseDouble(grade)); student.setIdcard(idcard); student.setLocation(location); student.setName(name); try{ dao.add(student); System.out.println("---------添加成功！---------"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.out.println("---------添加失败！---------"); } } else if ("b".equals(type)) { System.out.print("请输入学生考试号："); String examid = br.readLine(); Student student = dao.find(examid); if(student != null){ System.out.println( "学生考试号："+student.getExamid()+ "/t学生身份证号："+student.getIdcard()+ "/t学生姓名："+student.getName()+ "/t学生通讯地址："+student.getLocation()+ "/t学生成绩："+student.getGrade()); } else { System.out.println("---------学生不存在！---------"); } } else if ("c".equals(type)) { System.out.print("请输入学生姓名："); String name = br.readLine(); try { dao.delete(name); System.out.println("---------删除成功！---------"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.out.println("---------删除失败！---------"); Thread.sleep(1000); } } else { System.exit(0); } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.out.println("由于未知原因，程序出错啦！！！"); } } }

 

一下是junit测试类

package junit.test; import org.junit.Test; import com.linbin.dao.StudentDao; import com.linbin.domain.Student; import com.linbin.exception.StudentAlreadyExistException; import com.linbin.exception.StudentNotFoundException; public class StudentDaoTest { @Test public void testAdd() throws StudentAlreadyExistException{ StudentDao dao = new StudentDao(); Student s = new Student(); s.setName("lb"); s.setIdcard("123456"); s.setGrade(99); s.setExamid("654321"); s.setLocation("广东"); dao.add(s); } @Test public void testFind(){ StudentDao dao = new StudentDao(); Student s = dao.find("654321"); System.out.println(s); //dao.find("654321"); } @Test public void testDelete() throws StudentNotFoundException{ StudentDao dao = new StudentDao(); dao.delete("张三"); } }