Python Q&A

1.  How do I find the location of my site-packages directory?

1) 
>>> import site; site.getsitepackages()
   ['/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages']

(or just first item with site.getsitepackages()[0])

2) python -c "from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib; print get_python_lib()"

3) $ python -m site --user-site

       /home/xulin/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages

4)This works for me. It will get you both dist-packages and site-packages folders. If the folder is not on Python's path, it won't be doing you much good anyway.

import sys; 
print [f for f in sys.path if f.endswith('packages')]

2. Where to download Python?

     http://legacy.python.org/ftp//python/3.3.0/

3. How to user "re" ? 

     http://docs.python.org/2/library/re.html

4. issue install fabric failed 

it needs to install python-devel 

5. how to solve issue: Python.h: No such file or directory

$apt-get install python-dev

If yum doesn't work then use

$apt-get install python-dev

6. how to use fabric ? 

from fabric.api import env
from fabric.api import cd
from fabric.api import run
from fabric.api import local
from fabric.api import get
from fabric.api import put
 
env.hosts = ['192.168.1.10', '192.168.1.11']
env.user = 'root'
env.password = "password"
 
def get_version():
    local('cat /etc/issue')
    run('cat /etc/issue')
    with cd('/root/'):
        put('/home/libaoyin/test.txt', 'test.txt', mode=0755)
        get('hello_world.txt')
    run('ls')
 
def get_host_name():
    run('hostname')

fab -f fabric.py get_version
[192.168.1.10] Executing task 'get_version'
[localhost] local: cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS \n \l
 
[192.168.1.10] run: cat /etc/issue
[192.168.1.10] out: Ubuntu 10.10 \n \l
[192.168.1.10] out: 
[192.168.1.10] out: 
 
[192.168.1.10] put: /home/libaoyin/test.txt -> /root/test.txt
[192.168.1.10] download: /home/libaoyin/tmp/58.68.233.167/hello_world.txt /root/test.txt
[192.168.1.11] download: /home/libaoyin/tmp/58.68.233.173/hello_world.txt

可以看到，执行输出了env.hosts里的所有服务器列表，输出内容就是执行get_version函数的结果。local是执行本地命令，run是执行远程命令。其他还有：
在 remote 執行需要 sudo 的指令
sudo()
在 remote 執行 change directory，通常會搭配 with 使用
cd()
在 localhost 執行 change directory

lcd()

在执行函数前，我们设置了env环境：

env.hosts是指要执行以下函数的服务器列表
env.user是要登录的用户名

env.password是用户密码

fab是命令行工具

-f fabfile.py 是使用的fab文件
get_version 是运行的函数