android app设置时区实现

android原生Settings里有设置时区功能，如果不直接调用Settings进行设置时区，而是需要在自己开发的app上集成设置时区功能，完全可参考Settings里的源码，依葫芦画瓢。

一、权限：

1、系统app

2、<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SET_TIME_ZONE" />

二、ZonePicker Fragment

详见Settings里的ZonePicker.java

实现时，在自己的Activity里加入ZonePicker Fragment即可

三、全球时区定义

详见Settings里的timezones.xml

ZonePicker.java如下：

package com.ted.treadmill.fragment;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlarmManager;
import android.app.ListFragment;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.XmlResourceParser;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;

import com.ted.treadmill.R;

import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.TimeZone;

/**
 * The class displaying a list of time zones that match a filter string
 * such as "Africa", "Europe", etc. Choosing an item from the list will set
 * the time zone. Pressing Back without choosing from the list will not 
 * result in a change in the time zone setting.
 */
public class ZonePicker extends ListFragment {
    private static final String TAG = "ZonePicker";

    public static interface ZoneSelectionListener {
        // You can add any argument if you really need it...
        public void onZoneSelected(TimeZone tz);
    }

    private static final String KEY_ID = "id";  // value: String
    private static final String KEY_DISPLAYNAME = "name";  // value: String
    private static final String KEY_GMT = "gmt";  // value: String
    private static final String KEY_OFFSET = "offset";  // value: int (Integer)
    private static final String XMLTAG_TIMEZONE = "timezone";

    private static final int HOURS_1 = 60 * 60000;

    private static final int MENU_TIMEZONE = Menu.FIRST+1;
    private static final int MENU_ALPHABETICAL = Menu.FIRST;

    private boolean mSortedByTimezone;

    private SimpleAdapter mTimezoneSortedAdapter;
    private SimpleAdapter mAlphabeticalAdapter;

    private ZoneSelectionListener mListener;

    /**
     * Constructs an adapter with TimeZone list. Sorted by TimeZone in default.
     *
     * @param sortedByName use Name for sorting the list.
     */
    public static SimpleAdapter constructTimezoneAdapter(Context context,
            boolean sortedByName) {
        return constructTimezoneAdapter(context, sortedByName,
                R.layout.date_time_setup_custom_list_item_2);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs an adapter with TimeZone list. Sorted by TimeZone in default.
     *
     * @param sortedByName use Name for sorting the list.
     */
    public static SimpleAdapter constructTimezoneAdapter(Context context,
            boolean sortedByName, int layoutId) {
        final String[] from = new String[] {KEY_DISPLAYNAME, KEY_GMT};
        final int[] to = new int[] {android.R.id.text1, android.R.id.text2};

        final String sortKey = (sortedByName ? KEY_DISPLAYNAME : KEY_OFFSET);
        final MyComparator comparator = new MyComparator(sortKey);
        final List<HashMap<String, Object>> sortedList = getZones(context);
        Collections.sort(sortedList, comparator);
        final SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(context,
                sortedList,
                layoutId,
                from,
                to);

        return adapter;
    }

    /**
     * Searches {@link TimeZone} from the given {@link SimpleAdapter} object, and returns
     * the index for the TimeZone.
     *
     * @param adapter SimpleAdapter constructed by
     * {@link #constructTimezoneAdapter(Context, boolean)}.
     * @param tz TimeZone to be searched.
     * @return Index for the given TimeZone. -1 when there's no corresponding list item.
     * returned.
     */
    public static int getTimeZoneIndex(SimpleAdapter adapter, TimeZone tz) {
        final String defaultId = tz.getID();
        final int listSize = adapter.getCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < listSize; i++) {
            // Using HashMap<String, Object> induces unnecessary warning.
            final HashMap<?,?> map = (HashMap<?,?>)adapter.getItem(i);
            final String id = (String)map.get(KEY_ID);
            if (defaultId.equals(id)) {
                // If current timezone is in this list, move focus to it
                return i;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

    /**
     * @param item one of items in adapters. The adapter should be constructed by
     * {@link #constructTimezoneAdapter(Context, boolean)}.
     * @return TimeZone object corresponding to the item.
     */
    public static TimeZone obtainTimeZoneFromItem(Object item) {
        return TimeZone.getTimeZone((String)((Map<?, ?>)item).get(KEY_ID));
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanseState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanseState);

        final Activity activity = getActivity();
        mTimezoneSortedAdapter = constructTimezoneAdapter(activity, false);
        mAlphabeticalAdapter = constructTimezoneAdapter(activity, true);

        // Sets the adapter
        setSorting(true);
        setHasOptionsMenu(true);
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final View view = super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);
        final ListView list = (ListView) view.findViewById(android.R.id.list);
//        Utils.forcePrepareCustomPreferencesList(container, view, list, false);
        return view;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) {
        menu.add(0, MENU_ALPHABETICAL, 0, R.string.zone_list_menu_sort_alphabetically)
            .setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_menu_sort_alphabetically);
        menu.add(0, MENU_TIMEZONE, 0, R.string.zone_list_menu_sort_by_timezone)
            .setIcon(R.drawable.ic_menu_3d_globe);
        super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
    }

    @Override
    public void onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        if (mSortedByTimezone) {
            menu.findItem(MENU_TIMEZONE).setVisible(false);
            menu.findItem(MENU_ALPHABETICAL).setVisible(true);
        } else {
            menu.findItem(MENU_TIMEZONE).setVisible(true);
            menu.findItem(MENU_ALPHABETICAL).setVisible(false);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch (item.getItemId()) {

            case MENU_TIMEZONE:
                setSorting(true);
                return true;

            case MENU_ALPHABETICAL:
                setSorting(false);
                return true;

            default:
                return false;
        }
    }

    public void setZoneSelectionListener(ZoneSelectionListener listener) {
        mListener = listener;
    }

    private void setSorting(boolean sortByTimezone) {
        final SimpleAdapter adapter =
                sortByTimezone ? mTimezoneSortedAdapter : mAlphabeticalAdapter;
        setListAdapter(adapter);
        mSortedByTimezone = sortByTimezone;
        final int defaultIndex = getTimeZoneIndex(adapter, TimeZone.getDefault());
        if (defaultIndex >= 0) {
            setSelection(defaultIndex);
        }
    }

    private static List<HashMap<String, Object>> getZones(Context context) {
        final List<HashMap<String, Object>> myData = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>>();
        final long date = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis();
        try {
            XmlResourceParser xrp = context.getResources().getXml(R.xml.timezones);
            while (xrp.next() != XmlResourceParser.START_TAG)
                continue;
            xrp.next();
            while (xrp.getEventType() != XmlResourceParser.END_TAG) {
                while (xrp.getEventType() != XmlResourceParser.START_TAG) {
                    if (xrp.getEventType() == XmlResourceParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                        return myData;
                    }
                    xrp.next();
                }
                if (xrp.getName().equals(XMLTAG_TIMEZONE)) {
                    String id = xrp.getAttributeValue(0);
                    String displayName = xrp.nextText();
                    addItem(myData, id, displayName, date);
                }
                while (xrp.getEventType() != XmlResourceParser.END_TAG) {
                    xrp.next();
                }
                xrp.next();
            }
            xrp.close();
        } catch (XmlPullParserException xppe) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Ill-formatted timezones.xml file");
        } catch (java.io.IOException ioe) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Unable to read timezones.xml file");
        }

        return myData;
    }

    private static void addItem(
            List<HashMap<String, Object>> myData, String id, String displayName, long date) {
        final HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put(KEY_ID, id);
        map.put(KEY_DISPLAYNAME, displayName);
        final TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getTimeZone(id);
        final int offset = tz.getOffset(date);
        final int p = Math.abs(offset);
        final StringBuilder name = new StringBuilder();
        name.append("GMT");

        if (offset < 0) {
            name.append('-');
        } else {
            name.append('+');
        }

        name.append(p / (HOURS_1));
        name.append(':');

        int min = p / 60000;
        min %= 60;

        if (min < 10) {
            name.append('0');
        }
        name.append(min);

        map.put(KEY_GMT, name.toString());
        map.put(KEY_OFFSET, offset);

        myData.add(map);
    }

    @Override
    public void onListItemClick(ListView listView, View v, int position, long id) {
        // Ignore extra clicks
        if (!isResumed()) return;
        final Map<?, ?> map = (Map<?, ?>)listView.getItemAtPosition(position);
        final String tzId = (String) map.get(KEY_ID);

        // Update the system timezone value
        final Activity activity = getActivity();
        final AlarmManager alarm = (AlarmManager) activity.getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);
        alarm.setTimeZone(tzId);
        final TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getTimeZone(tzId);
        if (mListener != null) {
            mListener.onZoneSelected(tz);
        } else {
            getActivity().onBackPressed();
        }
    }

    private static class MyComparator implements Comparator<HashMap<?, ?>> {
        private String mSortingKey;

        public MyComparator(String sortingKey) {
            mSortingKey = sortingKey;
        }

        public void setSortingKey(String sortingKey) {
            mSortingKey = sortingKey;
        }

        public int compare(HashMap<?, ?> map1, HashMap<?, ?> map2) {
            Object value1 = map1.get(mSortingKey);
            Object value2 = map2.get(mSortingKey);

            /*
             * This should never happen, but just in-case, put non-comparable
             * items at the end.
             */
            if (!isComparable(value1)) {
                return isComparable(value2) ? 1 : 0;
            } else if (!isComparable(value2)) {
                return -1;
            }

            return ((Comparable) value1).compareTo(value2);
        }

        private boolean isComparable(Object value) {
            return (value != null) && (value instanceof Comparable); 
        }
    }
}

timezones.xml如下：

<timezones>
    <timezone id="Pacific/Majuro">Marshall Islands</timezone>
    <timezone id="Pacific/Midway">Midway Island</timezone>
    <timezone id="Pacific/Honolulu">Hawaii</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Anchorage">Alaska</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Los_Angeles">Pacific Time</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Tijuana">Tijuana</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Phoenix">Arizona</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Chihuahua">Chihuahua</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Denver">Mountain Time</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Costa_Rica">Central America</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Chicago">Central Time</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Mexico_City">Mexico City</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Regina">Saskatchewan</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Bogota">Bogota</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/New_York">Eastern Time</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Caracas">Venezuela</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Barbados">Atlantic Time (Barbados)</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Halifax">Atlantic Time (Canada)</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Manaus">Manaus</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Santiago">Santiago</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/St_Johns">Newfoundland</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Sao_Paulo">Brasilia</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires">Buenos Aires</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Godthab">Greenland</timezone>
    <timezone id="America/Montevideo">Montevideo</timezone>
    <timezone id="Atlantic/South_Georgia">Mid-Atlantic</timezone>
    <timezone id="Atlantic/Azores">Azores</timezone>
    <timezone id="Atlantic/Cape_Verde">Cape Verde Islands</timezone>
    <timezone id="Africa/Casablanca">Casablanca</timezone>
    <timezone id="Europe/London">London, Dublin</timezone>
    <timezone id="Europe/Amsterdam">Amsterdam, Berlin</timezone>
    <timezone id="Europe/Belgrade">Belgrade</timezone>
    <timezone id="Europe/Brussels">Brussels</timezone>
    <timezone id="Europe/Sarajevo">Sarajevo</timezone>
    <timezone id="Africa/Windhoek">Windhoek</timezone>
    <timezone id="Africa/Brazzaville">W. Africa Time</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Amman">Amman, Jordan</timezone>
    <timezone id="Europe/Athens">Athens, Istanbul</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Beirut">Beirut, Lebanon</timezone>
    <timezone id="Africa/Cairo">Cairo</timezone>
    <timezone id="Europe/Helsinki">Helsinki</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Jerusalem">Jerusalem</timezone>
    <timezone id="Europe/Minsk">Minsk</timezone>
    <timezone id="Africa/Harare">Harare</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Baghdad">Baghdad</timezone>
    <timezone id="Europe/Moscow">Moscow</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Kuwait">Kuwait</timezone>
    <timezone id="Africa/Nairobi">Nairobi</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Tehran">Tehran</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Baku">Baku</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Tbilisi">Tbilisi</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Yerevan">Yerevan</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Dubai">Dubai</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Kabul">Kabul</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Karachi">Islamabad, Karachi</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Oral">Ural'sk</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Yekaterinburg">Yekaterinburg</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Calcutta">Kolkata</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Colombo">Sri Lanka</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Katmandu">Kathmandu</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Almaty">Astana</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Rangoon">Yangon</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Krasnoyarsk">Krasnoyarsk</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Bangkok">Bangkok</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Shanghai">Beijing</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Hong_Kong">Hong Kong</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Irkutsk">Irkutsk</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Kuala_Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</timezone>
    <timezone id="Australia/Perth">Perth</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Taipei">Taipei</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Seoul">Seoul</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Tokyo">Tokyo, Osaka</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Yakutsk">Yakutsk</timezone>
    <timezone id="Australia/Adelaide">Adelaide</timezone>
    <timezone id="Australia/Darwin">Darwin</timezone>
    <timezone id="Australia/Brisbane">Brisbane</timezone>
    <timezone id="Australia/Hobart">Hobart</timezone>
    <timezone id="Australia/Sydney">Sydney, Canberra</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Vladivostok">Vladivostok</timezone>
    <timezone id="Pacific/Guam">Guam</timezone>
    <timezone id="Asia/Magadan">Magadan</timezone>
    <timezone id="Pacific/Auckland">Auckland</timezone>
    <timezone id="Pacific/Fiji">Fiji</timezone>
    <timezone id="Pacific/Tongatapu">Tonga</timezone>
</timezones>