springcloud——服务注册与发现

本节摘要

• 注册中心搭建euraka
• 服务注册与发现
• springcloud客户端调用：rest、feign
• 负载均衡：ribbon
• zuul接口网关

搭建euraka注册中心

1、搭建项目环境

创建springboot pom 项目
pom.xml依赖配置如下：

  <groupId>com.link</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud01</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

2、创建eureka注册中心

• 修改pom.xml依赖

    <groupId>com.link</groupId>
    <artifactId>eureka</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>eureka</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.link</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud01</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-	server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

• 配置eureka服务信息

# 注册中心端口
server:
  port: 8888

# 应用名称
spring:
  application:
    name: eurka-server

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    # 禁止自己当做服务注册
    registerWithEureka: false
    # 屏蔽注册信息
    fetchRegistry: false
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

• 添加启动注解
  

启动服务，如图所示没有注册的服务

3、服务注册

• 配置pom.xml

   <groupId>com.link</groupId>
    <artifactId>client</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <name>client</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.link</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud01</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

• 修改配置文件

# 服务提供者端口
server:
  port: 8881

spring:
  application:
    name: server-client

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      #  注册中心地址
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8888/eureka/

• 提供服务

启动类加入注解：
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient

// 添加服务

@RestController
public class ClientController {

    @RequestMapping("/getUserList")
    public List<String> getUserList() {
        List<String> listUser = new ArrayList<String>();
        listUser.add("link");
        listUser.add("23");
        listUser.add("xiamen");
        return listUser;
    }
}

4、服务消费

ribbon是一个负载均衡客户端 类似nginx反向代理，
可以很好的控制htt和tcp的一些行为。
Feign默认集成了ribbon。

方式1：ribbon

• 配置pom依赖

  	<groupId>com.link</groupId>
    <artifactId>order</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <name>order</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.link</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud01</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--ribbon+rest => feign-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

• 修改配置

server:
  port: 8883
spring:
  application:
    name: consumer-ribbon


eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8888/eureka/

• 配置启动类

@EnableDiscoveryClient和@EnableEurekaClient作用：
都是能够让注册中心能够发现，扫描到改服务。
@EnableEurekaClient只适用于Eureka作为注册中心
@EnableDiscoveryClient 可以是其他注册中心。

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class OrderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class, args);
    }

    /**
     * 开启负载均衡
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

• 编写controller调用服务

@RestController
public class ConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;


    @RequestMapping("/getUserList")
    public List<String> hiService() {
    	// 服务地址+接口
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://server-client/getUserList", List.class);
    }

• 测试调用
  

方式2：feign

• 添加依赖

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

• 修改配置

server:
  port: 8883
spring:
  application:
    name: service-feign
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8888/eureka/

• 服务调用（接口配置方式）

@FeignClient(value = "server-client")
public interface UserInfo{

    /**
     * 服务接口
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getUserList")
    List<String> getUserList();

}

@RestController
public class Controller {

    @Autowired
    UserInfo userInfo;

    @GetMapping(value = "/getUserList")
    public List<String> getUserList() {
        return userInfo.getUserList();
    }

}

// 启动类配置：
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class Application {}