前言:
SpringMVC最核心的就是DispatchServlet,所以要先对Servlet有一定的认识,然后就是反射注解ioc等相关知识,
思路:
主要的核心编码是在Servlet初始化里面扫描所有需要的包并将被@Controller,@Service注解修饰的对象实例化放在一个容IOC器里面管理(k-v,className as key ),属性值注入:遍历IOC里面所有的bean对象,遍历每个对象里面的属性,利用反射机制将value映射给它,同时将所有被@RequestMapping修饰的控制器或者方法也放在一个容器里面管理(k-v), Servlet拦截并截取对应的uri 根据uri这个key获取相应的控制器与方法执行invoke操作
代码:
创建一个maven项目 添加依赖 然后转成web项目
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
1.实现几个常用的注解@Controller,@Service,@RequestMapping @Autowired,我这边以LP打头命名
项目结构图
@LPAutowired
@Documented
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface LPAutowired {
String value() default "";
}
@LPController
@Documented
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface LPController {
String value() default "";
}
@LPRequestMapping
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.TYPE,ElementType.METHOD})
public @interface LPRequestMapping {
String value() default "";
}
@LPService
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
public @interface LPService {
String value() default "";
}
控制器TestController
@LPController
@LPRequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {
@LPAutowired
LoginService loginService1;
@LPRequestMapping("/login")
public void login(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp,String account,String pwd) throws IOException{
loginService1.login(account, pwd);
resp.getWriter().write("request success,param:"+account+"-"+pwd);
}
}
LoginService
public interface LoginService {
public void login(String account,String password);
}
LoginServiceImpl
@LPService("loginService")//key的规则:Interface Name 首字母小写当做ioc的key
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginService {
public void login(String account, String password) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("账号"+account+" 密码:"+password);
}
}
application.properties 配置需要扫描的包路径
scanPackage=com.mvc.custom
以上基本实现的springmvc的用法,但是他只是一个空壳,核心在下面
LPDispatchServlet 核心工作
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.mvc.custom.annotation.LPAutowired;
import com.mvc.custom.annotation.LPController;
import com.mvc.custom.annotation.LPRequestMapping;
import com.mvc.custom.annotation.LPService;
/**
*
* @版权:弹指支付 版权所有 (c) 2017
* @ClassName:LPDispatchServlet
* @author linpeng<br/>
* @email 540933120@foxmail.com
* @version Revision 1.0.0
* @since JDK 1.7
* @创建日期:2018年7月21日下午1:43:50 @功能说明:
*
*/
public class LPDispatchServlet extends HttpServlet {
private Properties properties = new Properties();
private List<String> classNames = new ArrayList<>();
private Map<String, Object> ioc = new HashMap<>();
private Map<String, Method> handlerMapping = new HashMap<>();
private Map<String, Object> controllerMap = new HashMap<>();
@Override
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
// 1.加载配置文件
doLoadConfig(config.getInitParameter("contextConfigLocation"));
// 2.初始化所有相关联的类,扫描用户设定的包下面所有的类
doScanner(properties.getProperty("scanPackage"));
// 3.拿到扫描到的类,通过反射机制,实例化,并且放到ioc容器中(k-v beanName-bean) beanName默认是首字母小写
doInstance();
// 4.初始化HandlerMapping(将url和method对应上)
initHandlerMapping();
// 5。属性注入
doAutoWired();
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("doGet");
this.doPost(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("doPost");
// super.doPost(req, resp);
if (handlerMapping.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
String url = req.getRequestURI();
String contextPath = req.getContextPath();
url = url.replace(contextPath, "").replaceAll("/+", "/");
if (!this.handlerMapping.containsKey(url)) {
resp.getWriter().write("404 NOT FOUND!");
return;
}
Method method = this.handlerMapping.get(url);
// 获取方法的参数列表
Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
// 获取请求的参数
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = req.getParameterMap();
// 保存参数值
Object[] paramValues = new Object[parameterTypes.length];
// 方法的参数列表
for (int i = 0; i < parameterTypes.length; i++) {
// 根据参数名称,做某些处理
String requestParam = parameterTypes[i].getSimpleName();
if (requestParam.equals("HttpServletRequest")) {
// 参数类型已明确,这边强转类型
paramValues[i] = req;
continue;
}
if (requestParam.equals("HttpServletResponse")) {
paramValues[i] = resp;
continue;
}
if (requestParam.equals("String")) {
for (Entry<String, String[]> param : parameterMap.entrySet()) {
String[] paramValue = param.getValue();
String value = Arrays.toString(paramValue).replaceAll("\\[|\\]", "").replaceAll(",\\s", ",");
paramValues[i++] = value;
}
}
}
// 利用反射机制来调用
try {
// 第一个参数是method所对应的实例
// 在ioc容器中
method.invoke(this.controllerMap.get(url), paramValues);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private void doLoadConfig(String location) {
// 把web.xml中的contextConfigLocation对应value值的文件加载到流里面
InputStream resourceAsStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(location);
try {
// 用Properties文件加载文件里的内容
properties.load(resourceAsStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关流
if (null != resourceAsStream) {
try {
resourceAsStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
private void doScanner(String packageName) {
// 把所有的.替换成/
URL url = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("/" + packageName.replaceAll("\\.", "/"));
File dir = new File(url.getFile());
for (File file : dir.listFiles()) {
if (file.isDirectory()) {
// 递归读取包
doScanner(packageName + "." + file.getName());
} else {
String className = packageName + "." + file.getName().replace(".class", "");
classNames.add(className);
}
}
}
private void doInstance() {
if (classNames.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
for (String className : classNames) {
try {
// 把类搞出来,反射来实例化(只有加@MyController需要实例化)
Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(className);
if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(LPController.class)) {
ioc.put(toLowerFirstWord(clazz.getSimpleName()), clazz.newInstance());
}else if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(LPService.class)) {
Object instance = clazz.newInstance();
LPService service = (LPService) clazz.getAnnotation(LPService.class);
String key = service.value();
ioc.put(key, instance);
} else {
continue;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
continue;
}
}
}
private void initHandlerMapping() {
if (ioc.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
try {
for (Entry<String, Object> entry : ioc.entrySet()) {
Class<? extends Object> clazz = entry.getValue().getClass();
if (!clazz.isAnnotationPresent(LPController.class)) {
continue;
}
Object instance = entry.getValue();
// 拼url时,是controller头的url拼上方法上的url
String baseUrl = "";
if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(LPRequestMapping.class)) {
LPRequestMapping annotation = clazz.getAnnotation(LPRequestMapping.class);
baseUrl = annotation.value();
}
Method[] methods = clazz.getMethods();
for (Method method : methods) {
if (!method.isAnnotationPresent(LPRequestMapping.class)) {
continue;
}
LPRequestMapping annotation = method.getAnnotation(LPRequestMapping.class);
String url = annotation.value();
url = (baseUrl + "/" + url).replaceAll("/+", "/");
handlerMapping.put(url, method);
controllerMap.put(url, instance);
System.out.println(url + "," + method);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 给被AutoWired注解的属性注入值
*/
private void doAutoWired() {
if (ioc.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
// 遍历所有被托管的对象
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : ioc.entrySet()) {
// 查找所有被Autowired注解的属性
// getFields()获得某个类的所有的公共(public)的字段,包括父类;
// getDeclaredFields()获得某个类的所有申明的字段,即包括public、private和proteced,但是不包括父类的申明字段。
Object instance = entry.getValue();
Field[] fields = entry.getValue().getClass().getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field : fields) {
// 没加autowired的不需要注值
if (!field.isAnnotationPresent(LPAutowired.class)) {
continue;
}
String beanName;
// 获取AutoWired上面写的值,譬如@Autowired("abc")
LPAutowired autowired = field.getAnnotation(LPAutowired.class);
if ("".equals(autowired.value())) {
// 例 searchService。注意,此处是获取属性的类名的首字母小写,与属性名无关,可以定义@Autowired
// SearchService abc都可以。
beanName = toLowerFirstWord(field.getType().getSimpleName());
} else {
beanName = autowired.value();
}
// 将私有化的属性设为true,不然访问不到
field.setAccessible(true);
// 去映射中找是否存在该beanName对应的实例对象
if (ioc.get(beanName) != null) {
try {
field.set(instance, ioc.get(beanName));
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
/**
* 把字符串的首字母小写
*
* @param name
* @return
*/
private String toLowerFirstWord(String name) {
char[] charArray = name.toCharArray();
charArray[0] += 32;
return String.valueOf(charArray);
}
web.xml 配置servlety与拦截规则以及属性文件等
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>MySpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.mvc.custom.servlet.LPDispatchServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>application.properties</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>MySpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
运行:
http://localhost:8080/linp/test/login?account=linp&pwd=123456
大功告成,基本已经实现了一个极其简单的Springmvc的框架,这里只是简单的一个demo,还有涉及静态资源,线程安全等都还没有实现,所以说spring还是非常强大的! 以上代码如果运行有错误 可以私聊一起调!