当属性为list类型的时候,我们该怎样生成映射文件呢?
我们知道List最重要的特性就是它是有序的,那么我们的问题就集中在了如何维持这个有序性?最简单的方法就是每个在list集合中的元素,他自己有一个编号,能告诉list他是第几个元素,这样是不是就能解决了呢?hibernate映射list集合确实是这样子做的。
就像上面的这张表一张,xx在teamid为1中,他是第1个元素
yy在teamid为1中,他是第2个元素。
oo在teamid为1中,他是第3个元素。
所以list中的元素中对应的表中应该多增加一个index字段维护顺序。
就像下面的配置文件一样:
<list name="members" table="member" cascade="all">
<key column="teamid"/>
<index column="index_"/>
<one-to-many class="com.shizhan.po.Member"/>
</list>
index标签就是为member表多增加了一个字段index_用来维护这个顺序,有了这个歌顺序以后,hibernate就知道怎么往list中填充元素了。
下面是完整的例子。
一个team中,有许多member,且member是有序的,用list存储。
Team类:
package com.shizhan.po;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Team {
private long id ;
private String name ;
private List members = new ArrayList();
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public List getMembers() {
return members;
}
public void setMembers(List members) {
this.members = members;
}
}
Member类:
package com.shizhan.po;
public class Member {
private Long id ;
private String name;
private int age ;
private Team team ;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Team getTeam() {
return team;
}
public void setTeam(Team team) {
this.team = team;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Member [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age
+ "]";
}
}
Team.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.shizhan.po.Team" table="team">
<id name="id" type="java.lang.Long">
<generator class="increment" />
</id>
<property name="name" />
<list name="members" table="member" cascade="all">
<key column="teamid"/>
<index column="index_"/>
<one-to-many class="com.shizhan.po.Member"/>
</list>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Member.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.shizhan.po.Member" table="member">
<id name="id" type="java.lang.Long">
<generator class="increment" />
</id>
<property name="name" type="java.lang.String"/>
<property name="age" type="int"/>
<many-to-one name="team" column="teamid"></many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
看下hibernate帮我们定义的表的ddl语句:
create table member (
id number(19,0) not null,
name varchar2(255 char),
age number(10,0),
teamid number(19,0),
index_ number(10,0),
primary key (id)
)
create table team (
id number(19,0) not null,
name varchar2(255 char),
primary key (id)
)
alter table member
add constraint FKBFC28A9A5FDC8E78
foreign key (teamid)
references team
member类并没有定义index_,这是list标签下的index标签,帮我们生成的。
外键是由list标签下的key生成的。
测试一下数据:
Session session = DBUtil.getSession();
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
try {
Team t1 = new Team();
t1.setName("非师三班");
List members = new ArrayList();
Member m1 = new Member();
m1.setAge(20);
m1.setName("xx");
m1.setTeam(t1);
Member m2 = new Member();
m2.setAge(22);
m2.setName("yy");
m2.setTeam(t1);
Member m3 = new Member();
m3.setAge(29);
m3.setName("oo");
m3.setTeam(t1);
members.add(m1);
members.add(m2);
members.add(m3);
t1.setMembers(members);
session.save(t1);
tx.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
tx.rollback();
e.printStackTrace();
} finally{
session.close();
}
sql语句:
Hibernate:
select
max(id)
from
team
Hibernate:
select
max(id)
from
member
Hibernate:
insert
into
team
(name, id)
values
(?, ?)
Hibernate:
insert
into
member
(name, age, teamid, id)
values
(?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
insert
into
member
(name, age, teamid, id)
values
(?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
insert
into
member
(name, age, teamid, id)
values
(?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
update
member
set
teamid=?,
index_=?
where
id=?
Hibernate:
update
member
set
teamid=?,
index_=?
where
id=?
Hibernate:
update
member
set
teamid=?,
index_=?
where
id=?
可以看到插入member后,不止更新了其teamid外键,还更新了index_键,用来维护顺序。
这时候表中的数据是:
和我们插入的顺序是一样的。