使用_ALLOW_RESETLOGS_CORRUPTION 强行启动数据库

TECH: Summary For Forcing The Database Open With `_ALLOW_RESETLOGS_CORRUPTION` with Automatic Undo Management [ID 283945.1]

Warning

~~~~~~~

The following instructions should only be used under the explicit direction

of Oracle Support. These steps should only be used when all other conventional

means of recovering the database have failed. Please note that there is no

guarantee that this method will succeed.

IF THE STEPS BELOW DO ALLOW YOU TO OPEN YOUR DATABASE THEN IT IS ESSENTIAL必要 THAT THE DATABASE BE REBUILT AS IT IS NO LONGER SUPPORTED. FAILURE TO DO SO MAY LEAD TO DATA DICTIONARY INCONSISTENCIES, INTERNAL ERRORS AND CORRUPTIONS.

** Note: The steps here apply to Oracle 9i or higher and only and when Automatic

Undo Management is being used. **

Steps to attempt to force the database open:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

1) Backup the database while the database is closed. 

THE INSTRUCTIONS HERE ARE DESTRUCTIVE. YOU ARE STRONGLY ADVISED TO BACKUP THE

DATABASE BEFORE PROCEEDING. IF YOU DO NOT DO THIS YOU MAY LOSE THE CHANCE TO

TRY OTHER OPTIONS.

2) If your datafiles are from different points in time, it is best to try to

use system tablespace datafiles at a similar timestamp to the OLDEST files

you have online in the database. This reduces the chance that you will get

problems during the bootstrap phase of opening the database.

3) Edit your *init<sid>.ora file to change undo_management and add two parameters.

*  Change UNDO_MANAGEMENT=AUTO to 

  UNDO_MANAGEMENT=MANUAL

*  Remove or comment out UNDO_TABLESPACE and UNDO_RETENTION.

*  Add

  _ALLOW_RESETLOGS_CORRUPTION = TRUE

  _CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS =(comma separated list of Automatic Undo segments)

Example: 

  _CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS = (_SYSSMU1$, _SYSSMU2$, _SYSSMU3$, _SYSSMU4$,

  _SYSSMU5$, _SYSSMU6$, _SYSSMU7$, _SYSSMU8$, _SYSSMU9$, _SYSSMU10$)

Note, sometimes the alert log will tell you what Automatic Undo segments are in

use.  Search the alert log for SYSS.  If the alert log does not contain that

information then use _SYSSMU1$ through _SYSSMU10$ as shown in the example above.

In UNIX you can issue this command to get the undo segment names: 

  $ strings system01.dbf | grep _SYSSMU | cut -d $ -f 1 | sort -u

From the output of the strings command above, add a $ to end of each _SYSSMU

undo segment name.

*  If you only have a spfile available, you can from the closed, nomount or the

mount stage create an init<sid>.ora file as follows:

  SQL>  CREATE PFILE FROM SPFILE; 

4) Invoke SQL*Plus, startup mount, check that correct init<sid>.ora was used and

all datafiles are in the status of online or system.

  $ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

  SQL>   startup mount pfile = (full path / file name to init<sid>.ora)

Confirm that the hidden parameters from step 3 were used:

  SQL>   show parameters corrupt

You should see both hidden parameters listed. If not, the wrong init<sid>.ora

may have been modified.  Do not continue until "show parameters corrupt" shows

both hidden parameters.

  SQL>   show parameters undo

You should see undo management set to manual. If not, the wrong init<sid>.ora

may have been modified.  Do not continue until "show parameters undo" shows

undo management as manual.

Check that all files you want to open with are listed as ONLINE or as SYSTEM. 

  SQL>   select name, file#, status from v$datafile where status not in

     ('SYSTEM', 'ONLINE');

If any rows are returned from the query above, bring the file(s) online with:

  SQL>   ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE file# ONLINE;

and repeat until there are no files in an OFFLINE status. If any file remains or

changes into "recover" status after you try to online the file proceed to step 5.

5)  Perform a fake incomplete recovery then open the database with resetlogs.

  SQL>   recover database until cancel; 

             or

  SQL>   recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;

WHEN PROMPTED FOR AN ARCHIVELOG FILE TYPE cancel THEN PRESS ENTER.

  SQL>   ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;

6) If the database opens try selecting from a table. For example:

  SQL>   SELECT SYSDATE FROM DUAL;

If you get a row back the database is open and "functional".  If you wish, you

may try to select from a other tables to make sure the database is functional

enough for the required export.

With the database open and functional you should attempt to export the database

IMMEDIATELY. Once you have an export the database MUST be recreated from scratch.

This means dropping and deleting ALL datafiles and creating a new database from

scratch.

              

A database which has been opened in this way but not rebuilt will not be

supported by Oracle. Any delay in exporting the contents or any attempt to

use the system may cause irreparable damage.

NOTE: BE SURE TO REVERSE / REMOVE THE INIT.ORA PARAMETERS ADDED IN STEP 3

OTHERWISE YOU MAY ACCIDENTALLY CORRUPT ANY NEW DATABASE CREATED USING THE SAME

INIT<sid>.ORA FILE.

  

7)  If the instance crashed in the open phase of step 5, check for trace files

in the background dump destination.  If you find a trace file, check to see if

the trace file has an ORA-00600 [2662] or ORA-00600 [4000] error in it.

Either of these errors may also be seen in the alert.log file.

If you see the ORA-00600 [2662] or ORA-00600 [4000] error, provide Oracle Support

Services the full error message. Oracle Support Services will provide steps to advance

the SCN using a hidden parameter.

NOTE: BE SURE TO REVERSE / REMOVE THE INIT.ORA PARAMETERS ADDED IN STEP 3

OTHERWISE YOU MAY ACCIDENTALLY CORRUPT ANY NEW DATABASE CREATED USING THE SAME INIT<sid>.ORA FILE.

  *************************************************************************

 *                                                                      *

  * CAUTION: Once the database is open, it is imperative that you export, *

  *          rebuild the database, and import.                            *

 *                                                                      *

  * By forcing open the database in this fashion, there is a strong       *

  * likelihood of logical corruption, possibly affecting the data         *

  * dictionary.通过以这种方式强制打开数据库，很可能出现逻辑损坏，可能会影响数据字典

  Oracle does not guarantee that all of the data will be   *

  * accessible nor will it support a database that has been opened by     *

  * this method and that the database users will be allowed to continue   *

  * work.  All this does is provide a way to get at the contents of the   *

  * database for extraction, usually by export.  It is up to you to       *

  * determine the amount of lost data and to correct any logical          *

  * corruption issues.                                                    *

 *                                                                      *

  *************************************************************************

Related Documents:

Note 41399.1  (Limited) TECH: Summary For Forcing The Database Open With

`_ALLOW_RESETLOGS_CORRUPTION`

(Use note 41399.1 for versions previous to 9i or with an Oracle version not

using Automatic Undo Management but that is instead using rollback segments)