java BigDecimal 加减乘除

BigDecimal 加减乘除

在Java计算中，简单类型不能够精确的对浮点数进行运算,经常会遇到精度问题，例如：4.015*100；直接输出结果后得到401.49999999999994。为何呢？这是由于计算机是二进制运算的，而浮点数没有办法使用二进制进行精确的表示。在这种情况下，我们来使用BigDecimal类进行精确计算,这个工具类提供精确的浮点数运算，包括加减乘除和四舍五入。 

 

java.math.BigDecimal。BigDecimal一共有4个构造方法，其中的两种用法：

第一种：BigDecimal(double val)
Translates a double into a BigDecimal.

第二种：BigDecimal(String val)  （建议使用）
Translates the String repre sentation of a BigDecimal into a BigDecimal.

1. The results of this constructor can be somewhat unpredictable. One might assume that writing new BigDecimal(0.1) in Java creates a BigDecimal which is exactly equal to 0.1 (an unscaled value of 1, with a scale of 1), but it is actually equal to 0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625. This is because 0.1 cannot be represented exactly as a double (or, for that matter, as a binary fraction of any finite length). Thus, the value that is being passed in to the constructor is not exactly equal to 0.1, appearances notwithstanding.
2. The String constructor, on the other hand, is perfectly predictable: writing new BigDecimal("0.1") creates a BigDecimal which is exactly equal to 0.1, as one would expect. Therefore, it is generally recommended that the String constructor be used in preference to this one.
3. When a double must be used as a source for a BigDecimal, note that this constructor provides an exact conversion; it does not give the same result as converting the double to a String using the Double.toString(double) method and then using the BigDecimal(String) constructor. To get that result, use the staticvalueOf(double) method.

 

示例代码：

    public static BigDecimal add(double v1,double v2){

        BigDecimal b1 = new BigDecimal(Double.toString(v1));

        BigDecimal b2 = new BigDecimal(Double.toString(v2));

        return b1.add(b2);

    }

 

    public static BigDecimal sub(double v1,double v2){

        BigDecimal b1 = new BigDecimal(Double.toString(v1));

        BigDecimal b2 = new BigDecimal(Double.toString(v2));

        return b1.subtract(b2);

    }

 

 

    public static BigDecimal mul(double v1,double v2){

        BigDecimal b1 = new BigDecimal(Double.toString(v1));

        BigDecimal b2 = new BigDecimal(Double.toString(v2));

        return b1.multiply(b2);

    }

    public static BigDecimal div(double v1,double v2){

        BigDecimal b1 = new BigDecimal(Double.toString(v1));

        BigDecimal b2 = new BigDecimal(Double.toString(v2));

        return b1.divide(b2,2,BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP);//四舍五入,保留2位小数

    }