标签的概念:
标签:
标签是一种XML元素,通过标签可以使JSP网页变得简洁并且易于维护,还可以方便地实现同一个JSP文件支持多种语言版本。由于标签是XML元素,所以它的名称和属性都是大小写敏感的
标签处理类:
标签处理类似是Java类,这个类继承了TagSupport或者扩展了SimpleTag接口,通过这个类可以实现自定义JSP标签的具体功能
标签语言特点:
<开始标签 属性=“属性值”>标签体</结束标签>
空标签
<开始标签></结束标签>
<开始标签/>
ui标签
控制标签 if /foreach
数据标签 set
自定义标签的开发及使用步骤
1 . 创建一个标签助手类(继承BodyTagSupport)
标签属性必须助手类的属性对应、且要提供对应get/set方法
rtexprvalue
2 . 创建标签库描述文件(tld),添加自定义标签的配置
注:tld文件必须保存到WEB-INF目录或其子目录
3 . 在JSP通过taglib指令导入标签库,并通过指定后缀
访问自定义标签
4 . 使用标签库的时候需要导入jar包
// 序列号的作用是方便对象序列化,序列化实际上就是将对象按照特定的规则持久化到硬盘
private static final long serialVersionUID = 2102051784152825544L;
代码:
SetTag:
package com.xhh.jsp.tag;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
/**
*
* 数据标签(不需要展示内容)
* 作用:
* 是将value值赋给var
* @author linyaodong
*
*/
public class SetTag extends BodyTagSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 7076852223410589098L;
private String var;
private Object value;
public String getVar() {
return var;
}
public void setVar(String var) {
this.var = var;
}
public Object getValue() {
return value;
}
public void setValue(Object value) {
this.value = value;
}
@Override
public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
pageContext.setAttribute(var, value);
return SKIP_BODY;
}
}
OutTag:
package com.xhh.jsp.tag;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
/**
* out属性UI(标签效果,是依靠标签属性展现页面效果)
* @author linyaodong
*
*/
public class OutTag extends BodyTagSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -244786502784959729L;
private Object value;
public Object getValue() {
return value;
}
public void setValue(Object value) {
this.value = value;
}
@Override
public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
try {
out.print(value);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return super.doStartTag();
}
}
IfTag:
package com.xhh.jsp.tag;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
/**
* if属于控制标签(页面展示效果依赖的是标签体)
* @author linyaodong
*
*/
public class IfTag extends BodyTagSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 2102051784152825544L;
private boolean test;
public boolean isTest() {
return test;
}
public void setTest(boolean test) {
this.test = test;
}
@Override
public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
return test ? EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE : SKIP_BODY;
}
}
z.tld:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd"
version="2.0">
<description>xhh 1.1 core library</description>
<display-name>xhh core</display-name>
<tlib-version>1.1</tlib-version>
<short-name>c</short-name>
<uri>/xhh</uri>
<!-- set -->
<tag>
<!-- 标签库中的标签 (类似c:set c:out的定义) -->
<name>set</name>
<!-- 是标签运行具体代码,也就是助手类,下面填写的助手类的全路径名 -->
<tag-class>com.xhh.jsp.tag.SetTag</tag-class>
<body-content>JSP</body-content>
<attribute>
<!-- 该标签的属性 -->
<name>var</name>
<!-- 该属性是否必填 -->
<required>true</required>
<!-- 是否支持表达式 -->
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<!-- 该标签的属性 -->
<name>value</name>
<!-- 该属性是否必填 -->
<required>true</required>
<!-- 是否支持表达式 -->
<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
</tag>
<!-- out -->
<tag>
<name>out</name>
<tag-class>com.xhh.jsp.tag.OutTag</tag-class>
<body-content>JSP</body-content>
<attribute>
<name>value</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
</tag>
<!-- if -->
<tag>
<name>if</name>
<tag-class>com.xhh.jsp.tag.IfTag</tag-class>
<body-content>JSP</body-content>
<attribute>
<name>test</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
</tag>
</taglib>
jsp页面:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="z" uri="/xhh"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>2</title>
</head>
<body>
<z:set var="name" value="xhh"></z:set>
<z:out value="${name}"></z:out>
<z:if test="true">linyaodong</z:if>
<z:if test="false">sb</z:if>
</body>
</html>
运行结果:
ForEachTag:
package com.xhh.jsp.tag;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
public class ForeachTag extends BodyTagSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String var;
private List<Object> items=new ArrayList<>();
public String getVar() {
return var;
}
public void setVar(String var) {
this.var = var;
}
public List<Object> getItems() {
return items;
}
public void setItems(List<Object> items) {
this.items = items;
}
@Override
public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
Iterator<Object> it=items.iterator();
pageContext.setAttribute(var, it.next());
pageContext.setAttribute("it", it);
return EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE;
}
@Override
public int doAfterBody() throws JspException {
// 获取原来状态的迭代器,而非新创建一个迭代器
Iterator<Object> it=(Iterator<Object>) pageContext.getAttribute("it");
if(it.hasNext()) {
pageContext.setAttribute(var, it.next());
pageContext.setAttribute("it", it);
return EVAL_BODY_AGAIN;
}
return EVAL_PAGE;
}
}
z.tld
<tag>
<name>foreach</name>
<tag-class>com.xhh.jsp.tag.ForeachTag</tag-class>
<body-content>JSP</body-content>
<attribute>
<name>var</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>items</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
</tag>
jsp页面:
<%@page import="com.xhh.entity.Student"%>
<%@page import="java.util.ArrayList"%>
<%@page import="java.util.List"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="z" uri="/xhh"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>2</title>
</head>
<body>
<z:set var="name" value="xhh"></z:set>
<z:out value="${name}"></z:out>
<z:if test="true">linyaodong</z:if>
<z:if test="false">sb</z:if>
<br>
<%
List <Student> list = new ArrayList<Student>();
list.add(new Student("1","林"));
list.add(new Student("2","耀"));
list.add(new Student("3","东"));
request.setAttribute("data", list);
%>
<z:foreach items="${data}" var="t">
${t.tid}
${t.tname}<br>
</z:foreach>
</body>
</html>
运行结果:
SelectTag:
第三方工具包需要导入jar架包
package com.xhh.jsp.tag;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtils;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtils;
/**
* 自定义select标签应具备的功能
* 1.新增查询页面,只要通过一个标签就可以完成数据的绑定,而并非使用c:foreach绑定
* 2.修改页面,同样通过一个自定义标签完成数据的遍历的展示,以及默认选中指定项
*
* 思考:
* 1.要往后台传值 id,name
* 2.定义数据库存储的对应的标签属性,前台页面展示的标签属性 textKey,textVal
* 3.定义下拉框的默认值headerTextKey,headTextVal
* 4.下拉框需要加载数据 items
* 5.属性值接受数据库中保存的value值 selectedVal
*
* 属于UI标签
* @author linyaodong
*
*/
public class SelectTag extends BodyTagSupport{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6885147458102952045L;
private String id;
private String name;
private List<Object> items = new ArrayList<>();
private String textkey;
private String textval;
private String headkey;
private String headval;
private String selectedval;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public List<Object> getItems() {
return items;
}
public void setItems(List<Object> items) {
this.items = items;
}
public String getTextkey() {
return textkey;
}
public void setTextkey(String textkey) {
this.textkey = textkey;
}
public String getTextval() {
return textval;
}
public void setTextval(String textval) {
this.textval = textval;
}
public String getHeadkey() {
return headkey;
}
public void setHeadkey(String headkey) {
this.headkey = headkey;
}
public String getHeadval() {
return headval;
}
public void setHeadval(String headval) {
this.headval = headval;
}
public String getSelectedval() {
return selectedval;
}
public void setSelectedval(String selectedval) {
this.selectedval = selectedval;
}
@Override
public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
try {
//对你想展现在页面上的html代码进行拼接
out.print(toHTML());
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return super.doStartTag();
}
//拼接标签代码
private String toHTML() throws Exception, Exception {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();//更快
sb.append("<select id='"+id+"' name='"+name+"'>");
//加载类似于下拉框默认显示的 请选择
//判定是否有值
if(!(headkey == null || "".equals(headkey) || headval == null || "".equals(headval))) {
sb.append("<option selected value='"+headkey+"'>"+headval+"</option>");
}
String val = "";//写option value 的
String html = "";//写在option标签体的 展示看
//循环打印数据 items = value
for (Object obj : items) {
Field f = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(textkey);
f.setAccessible(true);
val = (String) f.get(obj);
f = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(textval);
f.setAccessible(true);
html = (String) f.get(obj);
//考虑如果是修改页面时,下拉框回选数据库所存储的值 也就是默认选中数据库所存储的值
if(val.equals(selectedval)) {
sb.append("<option selected value='"+val+"'>"+html+"</option>");
}else {
sb.append("<option value='"+val+"'>"+html+"</option>");
}
}
sb.append("</select>");
return sb.toString();//返回拼接的值
}
}
z.tld:
<!-- select标签 -->
<tag>
<name>select</name>
<tag-class>com.xhh.jsp.tag.SelectTag</tag-class>
<body-content>JSP</body-content>
<attribute>
<name>id</name>
<required>false</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>name</name>
<required>false</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>items</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>textkey</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>textval</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>headkey</name>
<required>false</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute><attribute>
<name>headval</name>
<required>false</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>selectedval</name>
<required>false</required>
<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
</tag>
jsp页面
<!-- select -->
<h2>新增查询页面下拉框</h2>
<z:select textval="tname" items="${data}" textkey="tid"></z:select>
<hr>
<z:select headkey="-1" headval="--请选择--" textval="tname" items="${data }" textkey="tid"></z:select>
<hr>
<h2>修改页面下拉框</h2>
<z:select headkey="-1" headval="--请选择--" textval="tname" items="${data}" textkey="tid" selectedval="2"></z:select>
运行结果: