剑指Offer-面试题5-替换空格

题目描述

请实现一个函数，将一个字符串中的每个空格替换成“%20”。例如，当字符串为We Are Happy.则经过替换之后的字符串为We%20Are%20Happy。

错误解法：

class Solution {
public:
    void replaceSpace(char *str,int length) {
        if(str == nullptr|| length < 0)
            return;
        int originalLength = 0;
        int numberOfBlank = 0;
        int i =0;
        while(str[i]!='\0')
        {
            ++originalLength;
            if(str[i]==' '){
                ++numberOfBlank;
            }
            ++i;
        }
        int newLength = originalLength+numberOfBlank*2;
        if(newLength > length)
              return;
        int indexOfOriginal = originalLength;
        int indexOfNew = newLength;
        while(indexOfOriginal >= 0 && indexOfNew > indexOfOriginal){
            if(str[indexOfOriginal == ' ']){
                str[indexOfNew--]='0';
                str[indexOfNew--]='2';
                str[indexOfNew--]='%';
            }
            else{
                str[indexOfNew--]=str[indexOfOriginal];
            }
            --indexOfOriginal;
        }
    }
};

问题在于：末尾的结束符没能正确处理好。

正确解法1：

class Solution {
public:
    void replaceSpace(char *str,int length) {
         if(str==NULL)
             return ;
         int CountOfBlanks=0;
         int Originallength=0;
         for(int i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++)
             {
             Originallength++;
             if(str[i]==' ')
                 ++CountOfBlanks;
         }
         int len =Originallength+2*CountOfBlanks;
         if(len+1>length)
             return ;
          
         char*pStr1=str+Originallength;//复制结束符‘\0’
         char*pStr2=str+len;
        while(pStr1<pStr2)
            {
            if(*pStr1==' ')
                {
                *pStr2--='0';
                *pStr2--='2';
                *pStr2--='%';    
            }
            else
             {
                 *pStr2--=*pStr1;
            }
            --pStr1;
        }
    }
};

源代码及测试用例：

https://github.com/zhedahht/CodingInterviewChinese2/blob/master/05_ReplaceSpaces/ReplaceSpaces.cpp