[pypi test drive] httpx (HTTP client) - updated on 2021-12-23

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-22 12:22:53 发布

Lin_Zeyang

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-22 12:22:53 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/linzeyang2021/article/details/118002829

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httpx

httpx claims to be:

The next generation HTTP client.

and to be more specific:

HTTPX is a fully featured HTTP client for Python 3, which provides sync and async APIs, and support for both HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2.

and the features include:

HTTPX builds on the well-established usability of requests, and gives you:
-A broadly requests-compatible API.
-Standard synchronous interface, but with async support if you need it.
-HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2 support.
-Ability to make requests directly to WSGI applications or ASGI applications.
-Strict timeouts everywhere.
-Fully type annotated.
-100% test coverage.

Fact check

pypi	pypi
version	0.21.1 (as of 2021-12-23)
source	github
documentation	python-httpx.org
minimum python ver	3.6

Test drive environment

OS	Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS (focal)
python	3.9.5; [GCC 9.3.0] on linux
pip	21.3.1

Package dependencies (after pip install)

pip install httpx==0.21.1 && pip list

gives:

Package            Version
------------------ ---------
anyio              3.4.0
certifi            2021.10.8
charset-normalizer 2.0.9
h11                0.12.0
httpcore           0.14.3
httpx              0.21.1
idna               3.3
pip                21.3.1
pkg_resources      0.0.0
rfc3986            1.5.0
setuptools         60.0.4
sniffio            1.2.0

Bonus: Enable the command line client

pip install httpx[cli]==0.21.1 && pip list

gives:

Package            Version
------------------ ---------
anyio              3.4.0
certifi            2021.10.8
charset-normalizer 2.0.9
click              8.0.3
colorama           0.4.4
commonmark         0.9.1
h11                0.12.0
httpcore           0.14.3
httpx              0.21.1
idna               3.3
pip                21.3.1
pkg_resources      0.0.0
Pygments           2.10.0
rfc3986            1.5.0
rich               10.16.1
setuptools         60.0.4
sniffio            1.2.0

Test drive

Synchronous code:

# sync.py

import httpx


def main() -> None:
    response = httpx.get("https://www.baidu.com")

    if (code := response.status_code) != httpx.codes.OK:
        print(f"status code: {code}")
        exit(1)

    print(f"content type: {response.headers['content-type']}")
    print(f"text: {response.text[:50]}")
    print("Goodbye ...")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

gives:

content type: text/html
text: <html>
<head>
        <script>
                location.replace(loca
Goodbye ...

Asynchronous alternative:

# async.py

import asyncio

import httpx


async def main() -> None:
    async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
        response = await client.get("https://www.baidu.com")

    if (code := response.status_code) != httpx.codes.OK:
        print(f"status code: {code}")
        exit(1)

    print(f"content type: {response.headers['content-type']}")
    print(f"text: {response.text[:50]}")
    print("Goodbye ...")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())  # This requires python 3.7+

also gives:

content type: text/html
text: <html>
<head>
        <script>
                location.replace(loca
Goodbye ...

which is expected.

Sending out HTTP requests:

# post.py

import asyncio

import httpx


async def main() -> None:
    async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
        response = await client.post(
            "http://httpbin.org/anything",
            json={"name": "Joe Bloggs"},
        )

    print(response.json()["json"])
    print("Goodbye...")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())  # This requires python 3.7+

gives:

{'name': 'Joe Bloggs'}
Goodbye...

which represents the same API as requests (link)

Sending out request using the CLI client:

httpx -m get http://httpbin.org/anything

gives:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: ****** GMT
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 392
Connection: keep-alive
Server: gunicorn/19.9.0
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true

{
    "args": {},
    "data": "",
    "files": {},
    "form": {},
    "headers": {
        "Accept": "*/*",
        "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
        "Host": "httpbin.org",
        "User-Agent": "python-httpx/0.21.1",
        "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=******"
    },
    "json": null,
    "method": "GET",
    "origin": "******",
    "url": "http://httpbin.org/anything"
}