监听器的使用与案例

1.将项目启动时将要加载的数据存到一个xml文件中，此处以存数据库的连接参数为例。由于初始化的时候是将参数读取到context中，因此在web.xml中是放在<context-param></context-param>中。

<context-param>

<param-name>driver</param-name>

<param-value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</param-value>

</context-param>

<context-param>

<param-name>url</param-name>

<param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/training</param-value>

</context-param>

<context-param>

<param-name>user</param-name>

<param-value>root</param-value>

</context-param>

<context-param>

<param-name>password</param-name>

<param-value>root</param-value>

</context-param>

2.创建保存连接数据库参数的JavaBean

package bean;

public class DBParam {

private String driver;

private String url;

private String user;

private String password;

public String getDriver() {

return driver;

}

public void setDriver(String driver) {

this.driver = driver;

}

public String getUrl() {

return url;

}

public void setUrl(String url) {

this.url = url;

}

public String getUser() {

return user;

}

public void setUser(String user) {

this.user = user;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

}

还有一个JavaBean，它是用来保存Team信息的

package bean;

public class Team {

private int id;

private String name;

private String slogan;

private String leader;

public int getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(int id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getSlogan() {

return slogan;

}

public void setSlogan(String slogan) {

this.slogan = slogan;

}

public String getLeader() {

return leader;

}

public void setLeader(String leader) {

this.leader = leader;

}

}

3.编写监听程序对ServletContext程序进行监听，在ServletContext程序创建时读取web.xml中的配置信息，并将其加入到ServletContext中。

package listener;

import bean.*;

import javax.servlet.*;

public class JDBCListener implements ServletContextListener{

public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent event) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

ServletContext servletContext=event.getServletContext();

//获取ServletContext对象

//读取配置文件中的数据库连接参数

String driver=servletContext.getInitParameter("driver");

String url=servletContext.getInitParameter("url");

String user=servletContext.getInitParameter("user");

String password=servletContext.getInitParameter("password");

//创建一个DBParam对象dbParam

DBParam dbParam=new DBParam();

//把数据库连接参数设置为dbParam的属性

dbParam.setDriver(driver);

dbParam.setUrl(url);

dbParam.setUser(user);

dbParam.setPassword(password);

//把dbParam保存到servletContext里

servletContext.setAttribute("dbParam", dbParam);

}

}

4.在web.xml文件中配置监听器程序

<!--配置监听器-->

  <listener>

   <listener-class>listener.JDBCListener</listener-class>

  </listener>

5.让数据库从ServletContext中读取Servlet中已经创建的数据库连接参数信息，创建数据库连接Connection

package database;

import bean.DBParam;

import java.sql.*;

public class DataSource {

public static Connection getConnection(DBParam dbParam)

throws Exception{

Class.forName(dbParam.getDriver());

Connection cn=DriverManager.getConnection(dbParam.getUrl(),dbParam.getUser(),dbParam.getPassword());

return cn;

}

}

6.业务类调用数据库进行业务处理

package business;

import bean.*;

import database.DataSource;

import java.sql.*;

public class TeamBusiness {

public static void addTeam(Team team,DBParam dbParam)throws Exception{

Connection cn=DataSource.getConnection(dbParam);

String sql="insert into team(name,slogan,leader) values(?,?,?)";

PreparedStatement pst=cn.prepareStatement(sql);

pst.setString(1, team.getName());

pst.setString(2, team.getSlogan());

pst.setString(3, team.getLeader());

pst.executeUpdate();

}

}

7.调用业务类进行测试

package business;

import bean.Team;

import bean.DBParam;

import javax.servlet.*;

import javax.servlet.http.*;

import java.io.*;

public class test extends HttpServlet{

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)

throws IOException,ServletException{

Team team=new Team();

ServletContext servletContext=getServletContext();

DBParam dbParam=(DBParam)servletContext.getAttribute("dbParam");

team.setName("alibaba");

team.setSlogan("alimama");

team.setLeader("alibaby");

TeamBusiness tb=new TeamBusiness();

try{

tb.addTeam(team, dbParam);

}catch(Exception e){

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

8.测试成功！！！