Linux下定位命令总结
Table of Contents
1 whereis :显示指令的二进制程序、源代码文件和man手册的路径
查找所有信息
~$ whereis emacs emacs: /usr/bin/emacs /etc/emacs /usr/lib/emacs /usr/bin/X11/emacs /usr/share/emacs /usr/share/man/man1/emacs.1.gz
仅查找二进制程序
~$ whereis -b emacs emacs: /usr/bin/emacs /etc/emacs /usr/lib/emacs /usr/bin/X11/emacs /usr/share/emacs
仅查找源代码文件
~$ whereis -s emacs emacs:
仅查找man手册页
~$ whereis -m emacs emacs: /usr/share/man/man1/emacs.1.gz
2 which : 仅显示指令的绝对路径
和whereis不同的是,which只能显示指令的绝对路径。
~$ which emacs /usr/bin/emacs
3 locate/slocate :快速定位文件的路径
locate指令利用事先建立的系统中左右文件名称及路径的数据库,从而实现快速定位。如果该数据库比较陈旧,使用updatedb即可更新。和whereis以及which相比,locate可以查找普通文件,只要是带有搜索关键字的都会输出,因此内容会比较多。
-
输出符合条件的文件总数
~$ locate -c emacs 3737
输出所有匹配条目
~$ locate emacs
/usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/mmgeneric.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/ntlm.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/ntlm.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/qmtp.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/qmtp.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-cram.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-cram.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-digest.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-digest.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-ntlm.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-ntlm.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-scram.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-scram.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sha1-dl.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sha1-dl.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sha1-el.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sha1-el.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sha1.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sha1.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/w3m/shimbun/sb-atmarkit.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/w3m/shimbun/sb-atmarkit.elc ........ /var/lib/dpkg/info/emacsen-common.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/emacsen-common.postinst /var/lib/dpkg/info/emacsen-common.postrm /var/lib/dpkg/info/emacsen-common.prerm /var/lib/emacsen-common/installed-flavors