一、LNMP
1.1 搭建LNMP
LNMP:Linux+Nginx+Mysql+PHP
LNMP优势:
1.web服务器一种,Nginx处理静态文件、索引文件,自动索引的效率非常高;
2.作为代理服务器,Nginx可以实现无缓存的反向代理加速,提高网站运行速度;
3.作为负载均衡服务器、Nginx可以在内部直接支持Redis和PHP,可以支持HTTP代理服务器对外进行服务,同时还支持简单的容错和利用算法进行负载;
4.性能方面,Nginx是专门为性能优化开发的,采用Poll模型,最大支持5万并发连接,而且占用很少一部分内存资源;使CPU占用资源非常的低,DDOS攻击对 Nginx来说基本上无效;高可用性,Nginx支持热部署,启动速度特别迅速,对软件版本或者配置升级,即使运行数月也无需启动,几乎可以做到7*24小时不间断运行。
安装基本环境准备
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ wget expat-devel
##安装Nginx
添加nginx为系统用户
# groupadd -r nginx
# useradd -r -g nginx -d /usr/local/nginx -M nginx
# cd /usr/local/software
# tar -zxvf headers-more-nginx-module-0.32.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz
# cd nginx-1.20.1
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --add-module=/usr/local/software/headers-more-nginx-module-0.32
# make && make install && echo "say ok"
启动nginx
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
##安装Mysql
由于是源码安装,所以需要我们创建用户
# groupadd -r mysql
# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql #注释:-r 创建系统账户(id低于499)。
# cd /usr/local/software
# tar -zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz -C /usr/local
# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.23.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.7.23
# cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/db/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost_1_59_0/ \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all
# make && make install
如果编译报错,需要先删除CMakeCache.txt文件。
##配置mysql
1)创建存放数据库目录
# mkdir -p /db/mysql/data
# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
# chown -R mysql:mysql /db/mysql/
2)创建my.cnf配置文件
# touch /db/mysql/mysqld.log
# chown mysql:mysql /db/mysql/mysqld.log
# vim /etc/my.cnf
################ start #################
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /db/mysql/data
tmpdir = /tmp
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/db/mysql/mysqld.log
################ stop #################
3)初始化mysql
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/db/mysql/data
4)编辑启动脚本
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
################ start #################
basedir=/db/mysql/data
datadir=/user/local/mysql
################ stop #################
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
5)设置开机自启动
# chkconfig --add mysqld
# chkconfig mysqld on
# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
6)访问mysql
# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/bin/
# mysql -uroot -p #默认密码为空
##配置my.cnf
##mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
cat >/etc/my.cnf<<EOF
[client]
port=3306
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
skip-name-resolve
user=mysql
port=3306
basedir=/usr/local/mysql57
datadir=/data/mysql
tmpdir=/tmp
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid
EOF
##安装PHP
#安装前确保系统没有安装其他版本的php
rpm -qa | grep php
#下载源码安装包
tar jxf php-7.4.6.tar.bz2
cd php-7.4.6
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/lnmp/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/lnmp/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=nginx --with-fpm-group=nginx --with-curl --with-iconv --with-mhash --with-zlib --with-openssl --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql --disable-debug --enable-sockets --enable-soap --enable-inline-optimization --enable-xml --enable-ftp --enable-gd --enable-exif --enable-mbstring --enable-bcmath --with-fpm-systemd
make && make install
##根据安装提示进行依赖包安装,解决依赖性
# yum install -y systemd-devel.x86_64
# yum install -y libxml2-devel.x86_64
# yum install -y sqlite-devel.x86_64
# yum install -y libcurl-devel.x86_64
# yum install -y libpng-devel.x86_64
# yum install -y oniguruma-6.8.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm oniguruma-devel-6.8.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
#根据提示安装以来后,再次进行make && make install
路径优化,方便命令识别
ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/
修改php文件配置
php有三个配置文件:
php.ini 主配置文件
php-fpm.conf 进程服务配置文件
www.conf 扩展配置文件
#使用命令进行文件修改:
cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
/1170 mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
/usr/local/php/bin/php -m //验证安装的模块
#复制主配置文件及php-fpm 配置文件
cd /usr/local/php/etc/
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf
cd /usr/local/php/etc/
vi php-fpm.conf
#开启pid 支持(可运行)
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
#启动php -c 代表 conf
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
netstat -anpt | grep 9000
#识别命令
ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
#
ps aux | grep -c "php-fpm" //查看php的进程
#让nginx支持PHP功能
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //在合适的位置
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; ####注意目录名称
include fastcgi_params;
}
vi /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
systemctl restart nginx
#部署 Discuz!社区论坛 Web 应用
cd /opt
unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip -d /tmp
cd /tmp/dir_SC_UTF8/
cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
chown -R root:nginx ./config/
chown -R root:nginx ./data/
chown -R root:nginx ./uc_client/
chown -R root:nginx ./uc_server/
#调整目录权限,最后进行登录验证
chmod -R 777 ./config/
chmod -R 777 ./data/
chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/
chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/
http://IP地址/bbs/install/index.php