VC BMP图片操作

// pictureRead.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//


#include "stdafx.h"
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h> 
#include <string.h>
unsigned char *pBmpBuf;   //读入图像数据的指针
unsigned char *pNewBmpBuf;
int        bmpWidth;//图像的宽
int        bmpHeight;//图像的高
RGBQUAD    *pColorTable;//颜色表指针
int        biBitCount;//图像类型，每像素位数
long       LineByte; //变化后图像数据每行的字节数


bool readBmp(const char* bmpName);
bool saveBmp(const char* bmpName,unsigned char *imgBuf,int width,int height,int biBitCount,RGBQUAD *pColorTable);


int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
  //读入指定BMP文件进内存
    char readPath[]="duck.bmp";
    readBmp(readPath);
    //输出图像的信息
    printf("width=%d,height=%d,biBitCount=%d\n",bmpWidth,bmpHeight,biBitCount);
    //循环变量，图像的坐标
    int i,j;
    //每行字节数
    int lineByte=(bmpWidth*biBitCount/8+3)/4*4;
    //循环变量，针对彩色图像，遍历每像素的三个分量
    int k;
    //将图像左下角1/4部分置成黑色
    if(biBitCount==8){//对于灰度图像
        for(i=0;i<bmpHeight/2;i++){
            for(j=0;j<bmpWidth/2;j++){
                *(pBmpBuf+i*lineByte+j)=0;
            }
        }
    }
    else if(biBitCount==24){//彩色图像
        for(i=0;i<bmpHeight/2;i++){
            for(j=0;j<bmpWidth/2;j++){
                for(k=0;k<3;k++)//每像素RGB三个分量分别置0才变成黑色
                    *(pBmpBuf+i*lineByte+j*3+k)=0;
            }
        }
    }
    //将图像数据存盘
    char writePath[]="dogcpy.BMP";
    saveBmp(writePath, pBmpBuf, bmpWidth, bmpHeight, biBitCount, pColorTable);
    //清除缓冲区，pBmpBuf和pColorTable是全局变量，在文件读入时申请的空间
    delete []pBmpBuf;
    if(biBitCount==8)
        delete []pColorTable;
return 0;
}


bool readBmp(const char* bmpName)
{
FILE *fp=fopen(bmpName,"rb");
if(fp==0)
{
printf("cannot open file");
return 0;
}
fseek(fp,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),0);
BITMAPINFOHEADER head;
fread(&head,sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER),1,fp);
bmpWidth = head.biWidth;
bmpHeight = head.biHeight;
biBitCount = head.biBitCount;
int lineByte = (bmpWidth *biBitCount/8+3)/4*4;//计算图像每行像素所占的字节数
if(biBitCount == 8)
{
pColorTable = new RGBQUAD[256];
fread(pColorTable,sizeof(RGBQUAD),256,fp);
}
pBmpBuf = new unsigned char [lineByte *bmpHeight];
fread(pBmpBuf,1,lineByte *bmpHeight,fp);
fclose(fp);
return 1;


}


/****************************************************************************
*函数名称： saveBmp()
*函数参数： const char *bmpName    写入bmp格式文件的名称及路径
unsigned char *imgBuf 待存盘的位图数据
int width,             以像素为单位待存盘的位图宽
int height,            以像素为单位待存盘的位图高
int biBitCount,        每个像素占的位数
    RGBQUAD *pColorTable   颜色表指针
*函数返回值：0为失败 1为成功
*函数描述：给定写入bmp文件的名称和路径 要写入图像的位图数据 ，宽，高，写进文件中
*
***************************************************************************/




bool saveBmp(const char* bmpName,unsigned char *imgBuf,int width,int height,int biBitCount,RGBQUAD *pColorTable)
{
if(!imgBuf)//imgBuf 待存盘的位图数据
  return 0;
int colorTablesize = 0;
if(biBitCount == 8)
  colorTablesize =1024;
int lineByte = (width * biBitCount/8+3)/4*4;
FILE *fp = fopen(bmpName,"wb");
if(fp == 0) return 0;
BITMAPFILEHEADER fileHead;
fileHead.bfType= 0x4d42;
fileHead.bfSize = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + colorTablesize + lineByte *height;
fileHead.bfReserved1 = 0;
fileHead.bfReserved2 = 0;
fileHead.bfOffBits = 54 +colorTablesize;
fwrite(&fileHead,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),1,fp);
BITMAPINFOHEADER head;
head.biBitCount = biBitCount;
head.biClrImportant = 0;
head.biClrUsed = 0;
head.biCompression = 0;
head.biHeight = height;
head.biPlanes =1;
head.biSize = 40;
head.biSizeImage = lineByte *height;
head.biWidth = width;
head.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;
head.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;
fwrite(&head,sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER),1,fp);
if(biBitCount == 8)
fwrite(pColorTable,sizeof(RGBQUAD),256,fp);
fwrite(imgBuf,height * lineByte,1,fp);
fclose(fp);
return 1;
}