图像处理之Hough应用

Use the OpenCV functions HoughLines and HoughLinesP to detect lines in an image.

主要用于通过已知点检测线段（相交认为一个线段），通常在简单的图像或边缘检测后应用图像的线检测。

#include "cv.h"
#include "highgui.h"

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
	Mat src,dst,dstColor;
	src=imread("src.bmp",0);
	Canny(src,dst,30,120,3);
	imshow("dst",dst);
	cvtColor(dst,dstColor,CV_GRAY2BGR);
	vector<Vec2f> lines;
	HoughLines(dst,lines,1,CV_PI/180,65);
	cout<<lines.size()<<endl;
	for (size_t i=0;i<lines.size();i++)
	{
	<span style="white-space:pre">	float rho=lines[i][0],theta=lines[i][1];
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Point pt1,pt2;
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>double a=cos(theta),b=sin(theta);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>double x0=a*rho,y0=b*rho;
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>pt1.x=cvRound(x0+1000*(-b));
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>pt1.y=cvRound(y0+1000*a);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>pt2.x=cvRound(x0-1000*(-b));
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>pt2.y=cvRound(y0-1000*a);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>line(dstColor,pt1,pt2,Scalar(255,0,0),1);</span>	
	}
	imshow("dstColor",dstColor);
	waitKey(0);
	destroyAllWindows();
	return 0;
}

实验效果：

当然可以使用更简单的：

#include "cv.h"
#include "highgui.h"

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
	Mat src,dst,dstColor;
	src=imread("src.bmp",0);
	Canny(src,dst,30,120,3);
	imshow("dst",dst);
	cvtColor(dst,dstColor,CV_GRAY2BGR);
	vector<Vec4i> lines;
	HoughLinesP(dst,lines,1,CV_PI/180,65);
	cout<<lines.size()<<endl;
	for (size_t i=0;i<lines.size();i++)
	{
		Vec4i l=lines[i];
		line(dstColor,Point(l[0],l[1]),Point(l[2],l[3]),Scalar(255,0,0),1);
	}
	imshow("dstColor",dstColor);
	waitKey(0);
	destroyAllWindows();
	return 0;
}

实验效果：

重要函数

更简单的：

Use the OpenCV function HoughCircles to detect circles in an image.

#include "cv.h"
#include "highgui.h"

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
	Mat src,srcGray;
	src=imread("a.jpg");
	cvtColor(src,srcGray,CV_BGR2GRAY);
	GaussianBlur(srcGray,srcGray,Size(3,3),0,0);
	vector<Vec3f> circles;
	HoughCircles(srcGray,circles,CV_HOUGH_GRADIENT,1,srcGray.rows/8,60,30);
	cout<<circles.size()<<endl;
	for (size_t i=0;i<circles.size();i++)
	{
		Point center(cvRound(circles[i][0]),cvRound(circles[i][1]));
		int radius=cvRound(circles[i][2]);
		circle(src,center,3,Scalar(0,255,0),CV_FILLED);
		circle(src,center,radius,Scalar(0,0,255));
	}
	imshow("src",src);
	waitKey(0);
	destroyAllWindows();
	return 0;
}

重要函数：

实验效果：