登录功能之添加验证码（学习笔记二）

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-05 23:20:28 发布

猴儿2333

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-05 23:20:28 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/littlecase233/article/details/85144684

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VerifyCode.java中：

package cn.xiaozhang.commons;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

public class VerifyCode {
	private int w = 70;
	private int h = 35;
 	private Random r = new Random();
 	// {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "华文新魏", "华文隶书", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"}
	private String[] fontNames  = {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"};
	// 可选字符
	private String codes  = "23456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
	// 背景色
	private Color bgColor  = new Color(255, 255, 255);
	// 验证码上的文本
	private String text ;
	
	// 生成随机的颜色
	private Color randomColor () {
		int red = r.nextInt(150);
		int green = r.nextInt(150);
		int blue = r.nextInt(150);
		return new Color(red, green, blue);
	}
	
	// 生成随机的字体
	private Font randomFont () {
		int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
		String fontName = fontNames[index];//生成随机的字体名称
		int style = r.nextInt(4);//生成随机的样式, 0(无样式), 1(粗体), 2(斜体), 3(粗体+斜体)
		int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24; //生成随机字号, 24 ~ 28
		return new Font(fontName, style, size);
	}
	
	// 画干扰线
	private void drawLine (BufferedImage image) {
		int num  = 3;//一共画3条
		Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
		for(int i = 0; i < num; i++) {//生成两个点的坐标，即4个值
			int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
			int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
			int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
			int y2 = r.nextInt(h); 
			g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F)); 
			g2.setColor(Color.BLUE); //干扰线是蓝色
			g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);//画线
		}
	}
	
	// 随机生成一个字符
	private char randomChar () {
		int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
		return codes.charAt(index);
	}
	
	// 创建BufferedImage
	private BufferedImage createImage () {
		BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); 
		Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics(); 
		g2.setColor(this.bgColor);
		g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
 		return image;
	}
	
	// 调用这个方法得到验证码
	public BufferedImage getImage () {
		BufferedImage image = createImage();//创建图片缓冲区 
		Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();//得到绘制环境
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();//用来装载生成的验证码文本
		// 向图片中画4个字符
		for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)  {//循环四次，每次生成一个字符
			String s = randomChar() + "";//随机生成一个字母 
			sb.append(s); //把字母添加到sb中
			float x = i * 1.0F * w / 4; //设置当前字符的x轴坐标
			g2.setFont(randomFont()); //设置随机字体
			g2.setColor(randomColor()); //设置随机颜色
			g2.drawString(s, x, h-5); //画图
		}
		this.text = sb.toString(); //把生成的字符串赋给了this.text
		drawLine(image); //添加干扰线
		return image;		
	}
	
	// 返回验证码图片上的文本
	public String getText () {
		return text; 
	}
	
	// 保存图片到指定的输出流
	public static void output (BufferedImage image, OutputStream out) 
				throws IOException {
		ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
	}
}

VerifyCodeServlet.java中

package cn.xiaozhang.commons;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;


@WebServlet("/VerifyCodeServlet")
public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
	
	
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		/* 
		 *  1.生成图片
		 *  2.保存图片上的文本到session域中
		 *  3.把图片响应给客户端
		 *  */
		
		VerifyCode vc = new VerifyCode();
		BufferedImage image = vc.getImage();
		request.getSession().setAttribute("session_vcode", vc.getText());//保存图片上的文本到session域中
		
		
		VerifyCode.output(image, response.getOutputStream());
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	}

}

LoginServlet.java中：

package cn.xiaozhang.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;


@WebServlet("/LoginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
	
	
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		
		/*
		 * 校验验证码
		 * 1.从session中获取正确的验证码
		 * 2.从表单中获取用户填写的验证码
		 * 3.进行比较
		 * 4.如果相同，向下运行，否则保存错误信息到request域中，转发到login.jsp
		 * 
		 * */
		String sessionCode = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("session_vcode");
		String paramCode = request.getParameter("v_code");

		
		if(!paramCode.equalsIgnoreCase(sessionCode)){
			request.setAttribute("msg", "错误验证码");
			request.getRequestDispatcher("/session/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
			return;
			
		}
		
		/* 处理中文问题*/
		request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
		/*获取表单数据*/
		String username = request.getParameter("username");
		String password = request.getParameter("password");
		
		
		
		/*
		 * 校验用户名和密码是否正确*/
		if(!"xiaozhang".equalsIgnoreCase(username)){
			//登录失败
			/*保存错误信息到request域中
			 * 转发到login.jsp*/
			request.setAttribute("msg", sessionCode+":"+password);
			RequestDispatcher qr = request.getRequestDispatcher("session/login.jsp");//转发器
			qr.forward(request, response);
			
			
		}else{
			
			Cookie cookie = new Cookie("uname",username);
			cookie.setMaxAge(60*60*24);
			response.addCookie(cookie);
			//登录成功
			/*
			 * 如果成功
			 * 保存用户信息到session中
			 * 重定向到success1.jsp
			 * */
			HttpSession session = request.getSession();
			session.setAttribute("username", username);
			response.sendRedirect("/Da10/session/success1.jsp");
			
			 
		}
	}

}

Login.jsp中：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>Insert title here</title>

<script>
function aaa(){
	/*得到img 
	  修改其src为verifyCodeServlet
	*/
	var img_id = document.getElementById("img_id");
	img_id.src = "/Da10/VerifyCodeServlet?a="+new Date().getTime() ;
	
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<%--本页面提供表单 --%>
<h1>登录</h1>
<%--信息错误返回“错误信息” --%>
<%--读取名为uname的cookie：如果为空显示：‘’，如果不为空显示：cookie的值 --%>
<%
  String uname = "";
   Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies(); //请求所有cookie
   if(cookies != null){//如果存在cookie
	   for(Cookie c:cookies){
		   if("uname".equals(c.getName())){
			   uname = c.getValue();//把cookie的值给到uname
		   }
			   
	   }
	   
   }
%>
<%
   String message = " ";
   String msg = (String)request.getAttribute("msg");
   if(msg!=null){
	   message = msg; 
	   
   }


%>
<font color="red"><b><%=message %></b></font>

<form action="/Da10/LoginServlet" method="post">
用户名：<input type="text" name="username" value="<%=uname%>"><br/>
密码：<input type="password" name="password"></input><br/>

验证码：<input type="text" name="v_code"></input><br/><img src="/Da10/VerifyCodeServlet"  id="img_id"></img><br/>
<input type="submit" value="登录"></input><a onclick="aaa()">换一张</a>

</form>

</body>

</html>