目录
JDBC简介
JDBC(Java DataBase Connectivity):译为java 数据库连接:它是一种用于执行SQL语句的Java API,可以为多种关系数据库提供统一访问,它由一组用Java语言编写的类和接口组成。JDBC提供了一种基准,据此可以构建更高级的工具和接口,使数据库开发人员能够编写数据库应用程序。
JDBC作用和用途
作用
有了JDBC,向各种关系数据发送SQL语句就是一件很容易的事。程序员只需用JDBC API写一个程序就够了,它可向相应数据库发送SQL调用。同时,将Java语言和JDBC结合起来使程序员不必为不同的平台编写不同的应用程序,只须写一遍程序就可以让它在任何平台上运行。
数据库连接体系结构是用于Java应用程序连接数据库的标准方法。JDBC对Java程序员而言是API,对实现与数据库连接的服务提供商而言是接口模型。作为API,JDBC为程序开发提供标准的接口。
用途
1、与数据库建立连接;2、发送 操作数据库的语句;3、处理结果。
JDBC的代码案例
案例一:mysql数据库+dbconfig.properties(数据库配置信息文件)+DBHelp.java
3.1 添加JDBC驱动类
mysql-connector-java-5.1.25-bin.jar
3.2 dbConfig.properties
DRIVER_NAME=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
URL=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/liubin
USER=root
PASSWORD=root
3.3 DBHelp.java
package com.liubin.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* 这个是最基础的JDBC工具类
* 注册驱动、获取数据库连接、关闭数据库连接
*
* @author 刘斌
*
*/
public class DBHelp {
private static String className;
private static String url;
private static String user;
private static String password;
static{
/**
* 读取配置文件
*
*/
Properties properties=new Properties();
//获取当前这个类所在的包中一个文件作为输入流
try {
properties.load(DBHelp.class.getResourceAsStream("dbConfig.properties"));
className= properties.getProperty("DRIVER_NAME");
url= properties.getProperty("URL");
user= properties.getProperty("USER");
password= properties.getProperty("PASSWORD");
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
try {
Class.forName(className);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 获取数据库连接
* @return
*/
public static Connection getConn(){
//其实这个地方的连接数据库就是通过代码去连接
try {
Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
return conn;
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 关闭连接
* @param conn
*/
public static void closeConn(Connection conn){
if(conn!=null){
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
conn=null;//释放内存
}
}
}
3.4、register.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>用户注册</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--这个和登陆的界面类似,注册完了之后需要将数据提交给RegistAction.java--%>
<form action="registAction" method="post">
账号: <input type="text" name="id"/><br/>
密码: <input type="password" name="pwd"/><br/>
名字: <input type="text" name="name"><br/>
性别:<input type="radio" name="sex" value="M"/>男<input type="radio" name="sex" value="F"/>女<br/>
电话:<input type="text" name="phone"/><br/>
地址:<input type="text" name="address"/><br/>
头像:<input type="file" name="headimag" value="选择文件">
<input type="submit" value="确认"/><button type="reset" name="reset">重置</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
3.5、RegistAction.java
package com.liubin.action;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.liubin.entity.UserBase;
import com.liubin.service.UserService;
/**
*
*用户注册
*/
public class RegistAction extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String id = req.getParameter("id");
String pwd = req.getParameter("pwd");
String name = req.getParameter("name");
String sex = req.getParameter("sex");
String phone = req.getParameter("phone");
String address = req.getParameter("address");
String headimag = req.getParameter("headimag");
UserBase ub=new UserBase();
ub.setId(id);
ub.setPwd(pwd);
ub.setName(name);
ub.setSex(sex);
ub.setAddress(address);
ub.setHeadimag(headimag);
UserService userService=new UserService();
userService.addUser(ub);
req.getRequestDispatcher("login.jsp").forward(req, resp);
}
}
3.6、UserBase.java
package com.liubin.entity;
/**
*
* 用户注册信息实体类
*
*/
public class UserBase {
private String id;
private String pwd;
private String name;
private String sex;
private String phone;
private String address;
private String headimag;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getPwd() {
return pwd;
}
public void setPwd(String pwd) {
this.pwd = pwd;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getHeadimag() {
return headimag;
}
public void setHeadimag(String headimag) {
this.headimag = headimag;
}
}
3.7、UserService.java
package com.liubin.service;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import com.liubin.entity.UserBase;
import com.liubin.util.DBHelp;
/**
* UserService
*/
public class UserService {
public void addUser(UserBase ub){
Connection conn=DBHelp.getConn();//利用之前写好的DBHelp获取conn
String sql=" insert into users values(?,?,?,?,?,?,?) ";
try {
PreparedStatement pcmd=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pcmd.setString(1, ub.getId());
pcmd.setString(2, ub.getPwd());
pcmd.setString(3, ub.getName());
pcmd.setString(4, ub.getSex());
pcmd.setString(5, ub.getPhone());
pcmd.setString(6, ub.getAddress());
pcmd.setString(7, ub.getHeadimag());
pcmd.executeUpdate();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}