异常

如何构建异常

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1. 直接用空构造

2. 用String的构造

可以按照return 语句去理解，只是调用者是用try catch去获得返回值，所以catch要定义一个Exceptionq去接收throw的语句

throw new NullPointerException("t=null");

throw new NullPointerException();

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如何自定义异常

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继承Exception即可

//: exceptions/FullConstructors.java
package exceptions; /* Added by Eclipse.py */

//自定义异常
class MyException extends Exception {
  public MyException() {}

  //使用String构造
  public MyException(String msg) { super(msg); }
}//自定义异常结束

public class FullConstructors {
  public static void f() throws MyException {
    System.out.println("Throwing MyException from f()");
    throw new MyException();
  }
  public static void g() throws MyException {
    System.out.println("Throwing MyException from g()");
    throw new MyException("Originated in g()");
  }


  public static void main(String[] args) {
    try {
      f();
    } catch(MyException e) {
      e.printStackTrace(System.out);
    }
    try {
      g();
    } catch(MyException e) {
      e.printStackTrace(System.out);//打印错误stack，原本是输出到System.eer流上
    }
  }
} /* Output:
Throwing MyException from f()
MyException
        at FullConstructors.f(FullConstructors.java:11)
        at FullConstructors.main(FullConstructors.java:19)
Throwing MyException from g()
MyException: Originated in g()
        at FullConstructors.g(FullConstructors.java:15)
        at FullConstructors.main(FullConstructors.java:24)
*///:~

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什么是异常的说明

1. 如果说明的比抛出的多会怎么样？

2. 如果抛出的比说明的多会怎么样？

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异常说明的形式，必须这样写，不能省略

void fun() throws One, Two, Three{//...

如果代码中只抛出了One，没影响

若果代码多抛出了一个Four，编译不通过

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