Ubuntu设置时间提示+failed to set time zone: Invalid or not installed time zone ‘Asis/shanghai‘更改时间方法

一、查看时间

使用'date'命令

ggm@ggm:~$ date
2023年 03月 06日 星期一 10:09:04 CST
ggm@ggm:~$ timedatectl status
               Local time: 一 2023-03-06 02:11:16 UTC
           Universal time: 一 2023-03-06 02:11:16 UTC
                 RTC time: 一 2023-03-06 02:11:17    
                Time zone: Etc/UTC (UTC, +0000)      
System clock synchronized: no                        
              NTP service: active                    
          RTC in local TZ: no          

二、想更改到中国北京时间

1. 使用'tzselect'，跟随'tzselect'工具进行配置

ggm@ggm:~$ tzselect 
Please identify a location so that time zone rules can be set correctly.
Please select a continent, ocean, "coord", or "TZ".
 1) Africa
 2) Americas
 3) Antarctica
 4) Asia
 5) Atlantic Ocean
 6) Australia
 7) Europe
 8) Indian Ocean
 9) Pacific Ocean
10) coord - I want to use geographical coordinates.
11) TZ - I want to specify the timezone using the Posix TZ format.
#? 4
Please select a country whose clocks agree with yours.
 1) Afghanistan             15) French Southern Territories  29) Kyrgyzstan           43) Russia
 2) Antarctica             16) Georgia              30) Laos               44) Saudi Arabia
 3) Armenia             17) Hong Kong              31) Lebanon               45) Seychelles
 4) Azerbaijan             18) India              32) Macau               46) Singapore
 5) Bahrain             19) Indonesia              33) Malaysia               47) Sri Lanka
 6) Bangladesh             20) Iran              34) Mongolia               48) Syria
 7) Bhutan             21) Iraq              35) Myanmar (Burma)           49) Taiwan
 8) Brunei             22) Israel              36) Nepal               50) Tajikistan
 9) Cambodia             23) Japan              37) Oman               51) Thailand
10) China             24) Jordan              38) Pakistan               52) Turkmenistan
11) Christmas Island         25) Kazakhstan              39) Palestine               53) United Arab Emirates
12) Cocos (Keeling) Islands     26) Korea (North)          40) Philippines           54) Uzbekistan
13) Cyprus             27) Korea (South)          41) Qatar               55) Vietnam
14) East Timor             28) Kuwait              42) Réunion               56) Yemen
#? 10
Please select one of the following timezones.
1) Beijing Time
2) Xinjiang Time, Vostok
#? 1

The following information has been given:

    China
    Beijing Time

Therefore TZ='Asia/Shanghai' will be used.
Selected time is now:    2023年 03月 06日 星期一 10:47:25 CST.
Universal Time is now:    2023年 03月 06日 星期一 02:47:25 UTC.
Is the above information OK?
1) Yes
2) No
#? 1
You can make this change permanent for yourself by appending the line
    TZ='Asia/Shanghai'; export TZ
to the file '.profile' in your home directory; then log out and log in again.

Here is that TZ value again, this time on standard output so that you
can use the /usr/bin/tzselect command in shell scripts:
Asia/Shanghai
ggm@ggm:~$ TZ='Asia/Shanghai'; export TZ

1. 还需要修改"/etc/profile"配置文件，在配置文件最后添加TZ='Asia/Shanghai'; export TZ

ggm@ggm:~$ sudo vim /etc/profile
[sudo] password for ggm: 

# /etc/profile: system-wide .profile file for the Bourne shell (sh(1))
# and Bourne compatible shells (bash(1), ksh(1), ash(1), ...).

if [ "${PS1-}" ]; then
  if [ "${BASH-}" ] && [ "$BASH" != "/bin/sh" ]; then
    # The file bash.bashrc already sets the default PS1.
    # PS1='\h:\w\$ '
    if [ -f /etc/bash.bashrc ]; then
      . /etc/bash.bashrc
    fi
  else
    if [ "`id -u`" -eq 0 ]; then
      PS1='# '
    else
      PS1='$ '
    fi
  fi
fi

if [ -d /etc/profile.d ]; then
  for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do
    if [ -r $i ]; then
      . $i
    fi
  done
  unset i
fi
TZ='Asia/Shanghai'; export TZ
~                                                                                                                                     
~                                  

1. 保存文件，并生效文件，然后重启服务器

root@ggm:~# source /etc/profile
root@ggm:~# reboot
root@ggm:~# date
2023年 03月 06日 星期一 10:57:14 CST

Ubuntu服务器时间设置完毕。