容易实现的但是可憎的违反反封装的方法

违反反封装的一种实现方式：
Jail.h

#ifndef _INCLUDED_JAIL_
#define _INCLUDED_JAIL_

#include <stdio.h>

class Jail
{
private:
  void Release() const {
      printf("Escape\n");
  }
};
#endif

Felon.h

#ifndef _INCLUDED_FELON_
#define _INCLUDED_FELON_

#define private public
#include "Jail.h"

class Felon
{
public:
  void BreakOut(Jail *jail) const {
      jail->Release();  // 此处在Felon中访问到了Jail的私有函数成员
  }
};
#endif

main.cpp

#include "Felon.h"
#include"Jail.h"

int main()
{
    Jail j;
    Felon f;
    f.BreakOut(&j);
    
    return 0;
}

可通过如下方法来对抗上面的反封装方法：
Jail.h

#if !defined(_INCLUDED_JAIL_) && !defined(protected) && !defined(private)
#define _INCLUDED_JAIL_  // 此时从此句开始到本文件结束都是没有定义的,相当于被#if 0 #endif包围了,因此编译都无法通过

#include <stdio.h>

class Jail
{
private:
  void Release() const {
      printf("Escape\n");
  }
};
#endif

Felon.h

#ifndef _INCLUDED_FELON_
#define _INCLUDED_FELON_

#define private public
#include "Jail.h"

class Felon
{
public:
  void BreakOut(Jail *jail) const {
      jail->Release();
  }
};
#endif

main.cpp

#include "Felon.h"
#include"Jail.h"

int main()
{
    Jail j;  // 此处编译器(vs2017)会提示：未定义标识符"Jail"
    Felon f;
    f.BreakOut(&j);
    
    return 0;
}

Reference

John Lakos. Large-Scale C++ Software Design, 2014.