ServletContext

最新推荐文章于 2018-06-21 14:33:02 发布

魅惑之眼

最新推荐文章于 2018-06-21 14:33:02 发布

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分类专栏： Servlet 文章标签： Servlet ServletContext

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/liugenghao3048/article/details/8832066

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得到ServletContext的方式：

public class ServletDemo6 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		//得到ServletContext的方式1
		ServletContext context = this.getServletConfig().getServletContext();
		
		//得到ServletContext的方式2
		context = this.getServletContext();
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

通过ServletContext实现多个servlet的数据共享：

public class ServletDemo7 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		String data = "aaa";
		
		this.getServletContext().setAttribute("data", data);
		
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

/**
 * ServletContext域：
 * 1.这是一个容器
 * 2.ServletContext域这句话说明了这个容器作用范围，也就是应用程序范围
 */

//用过ServletContext实现ServletDemo7和ServletDemo8的数据共享
public class ServletDemo8 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		String value = (String)this.getServletContext().getAttribute("data");
		System.out.println(value);
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

获得Web应用的初始化参数：

web.xml配置文件：

<context-param>
  	<param-name>data1</param-name>
  	<param-value>xxxx</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
  	<param-name>data2</param-name>
  	<param-value>yyyy</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
  	<param-name>data3</param-name>
  	<param-value>zzzz</param-value>
  </context-param>

Servlet代码：

//获取web应用的初始化参数
public class ServletDemo9 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		String value =(String)this.getServletContext().getInitParameter("data1");
		response.getOutputStream().write(("<font color='red'>" + value + "</font>").getBytes());
		
		Enumeration e = this.getServletContext().getInitParameterNames();
		while(e.hasMoreElements()){
			String name = (String)e.nextElement();
			String value1 = (String)this.getInitParameter(name);
			System.out.println(name+" = "+value1);
		}
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

实现Servlet转发：

jsp代码：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My JSP '1.jsp' starting page</title>
  </head>
  
  <body>
  	
  	<h1>
  	<font color="red">
    <%
    	//在jsp中，application就是ServletContext
    	String data = (String)application.getAttribute("data");
    	out.write(data);
     %>
     </font>
     </h1>
     
  </body>
</html>

Servlet代码：

//通过ServletContext实现请求转发
public class ServletDemo10 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		String data = "aaaaaaaaaa";
		
		//把数据带给1.jsp （不能通过context域，要通过request域）
		this.getServletContext().setAttribute("data", data);
		
		//转发到1.jsp
		RequestDispatcher rd = this.getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher("/1.jsp");
		rd.forward(request, response);
		
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

利用ServletContext读取资源文件：

db.properties属性文件内容：

url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
username=root
password=root

Servlet代码：

//通过ServletContext读取资源文件
public class ServletDemo11 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		test5();
		  
	}
	
	//通过servletContext的getRealPath得到资源的绝对路径后，再通过传统流读取资源文件
	//此方法适用于下载，因为可以得到资源名称
	private void test5() throws IOException {
		
		String path = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/db.properties");
		String filename = path.substring(path.lastIndexOf("\\")+1);
		
		System.out.println("当前读取到的资源名称是："+filename);
		
		FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(path);
		//java专门用来读取properties文件的对象
		Properties props = new Properties();//内部用map保存数据
		props.load(in);
		
		System.out.println("当前读取到的资源数据是：");
		String url = props.getProperty("url");
		String username = props.getProperty("username");
		String password = props.getProperty("password");
		
		System.out.println(url);
		System.out.println(username);
		System.out.println(password);
	}
	
	//读取资源文件需要注意的问题：下面传统代码不可行，最好采用servletContext去读
	private void test4() throws IOException {
		
		FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("classes/db.properties");
		//java专门用来读取properties文件的对象
		Properties props = new Properties();//内部用map保存数据
		props.load(in);
		
		String url = props.getProperty("url");
		String username = props.getProperty("username");
		String password = props.getProperty("password");
		
		System.out.println(url);
		System.out.println(username);
		System.out.println(password);
	}
	//db.properties属性文件在Web应用(WebRoot)目录下	
	private void test3() throws IOException {
		InputStream in = this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/db.properties");
		//java专门用来读取properties文件的对象
		Properties props = new Properties();//内部用map保存数据
		props.load(in);
		
		String url = props.getProperty("url");
		String username = props.getProperty("username");
		String password = props.getProperty("password");
		
		System.out.println(url);
		System.out.println(username);
		System.out.println(password);
	}
	//db.properties属性文件在cn.itcast包目录下
	private void test2() throws IOException {
		InputStream in = this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/cn/itcast/db.properties");
		//java专门用来读取properties文件的对象
		Properties props = new Properties();//内部用map保存数据
		props.load(in);
		
		String url = props.getProperty("url");
		String username = props.getProperty("username");
		String password = props.getProperty("password");
		
		System.out.println(url);
		System.out.println(username);
		System.out.println(password);
	}
	//db.properties属性文件在src目录下	
	private void test1() throws IOException {
		InputStream in = this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/db.properties");
		//java专门用来读取properties文件的对象
		Properties props = new Properties();//内部用map保存数据
		props.load(in);
		
		String url = props.getProperty("url");
		String username = props.getProperty("username");
		String password = props.getProperty("password");
		
		System.out.println(url);
		System.out.println(username);
		System.out.println(password);
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

Servlet调用其他程序，在其他程序中通过类装载器读取资源文件（文件不能太大）：
Servlet代码：

//Servlet调用其他程序，在其他程序中如何读取资源文件（通过类装载器，文件不能太大）
public class ServletDemo12 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		UserDao dao = new UserDao();
		dao.update();
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

//如果读取资源文件的程序不是Servlet的话，就只能通过类装载器去读了
public class UserDao {
	
	private static Properties dbconfig = new Properties();
	
	//静态代码块
	static{
		try{
			InputStream in = UserDao.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
			dbconfig.load(in);
		}
		catch(Exception e){
			//抛出初始化错误
			throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
		}
		
	}
	
	public void update(){
		System.out.println(dbconfig.getProperty("url"));
	}
	
	public void find()throws IOException{
		
		//以下代码虽然可以读取资源文件的数据，但是无法获取更新后的数据，
		//因为类装载器只装载一次资源文件到内存中，即使修改了资源文件，这种方法仍然读取内存中的原资源文件数据
		//所以此方法适用于数据不会更新的情况
//		Properties dbconfig = new Properties();
//		InputStream in = UserDao.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
//		dbconfig.load(in);
//		System.out.println(dbconfig.getProperty("url"));
		
		//如果要读取更新后的资源文件数据，则先用类装载器得到资源路径，再用传统文件流方式读取资源文件数据
		String path = UserDao.class.getClassLoader().getResource("db.properties").getPath();
		FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(path);
		Properties dbconfig = new Properties();
		dbconfig.load(in);
		System.out.println(dbconfig.getProperty("url"));
	}
	
	public void delete(){
		
	}
}

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ServletContext

得到ServletContext的方式：public class ServletDemo6 extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { //得
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