Cookie

会话：

保存会话数据的两种技术：

Cookie技术：

Session技术：

Cookie API：

Cookie应用：

Servlet代码：

//代表网站首页
public class CookieDemo1 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		response.setHeader("Content-Type","text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		out.print("<a href='/day07/servlet/CookieDemo2'>清除上次访问时间</a></br>");
		out.print("您上次访问时间是：");
		
		
		//获得用户的时间cookie
		Cookie cookies[] = request.getCookies();
		for(int i = 0 ; cookies!=null&&i<cookies.length;i++){
			if(cookies[i].getName().equals("lastAccessTime")){
				long cookieValue = Long.parseLong(cookies[i].getValue());	//得到用户上次访问时间(转成long类型，即毫秒值)
				Date date = new Date(cookieValue);
				out.print(date.toLocaleString());
			}
		}
		
		//给用户回送最新的访问时间
		Cookie cookie = new Cookie("lastAccessTime",System.currentTimeMillis()+"");
		cookie.setMaxAge(1*30*24*3600);	//设置cookie有效时间为1个月
		cookie.setPath("/day07");	//设置cookie有效路径
		
		response.addCookie(cookie);

	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

public class CookieDemo2 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		//要想清除cookie，则setMaxAge(0)，而且其他属性必须一致，比如path
		Cookie cookie = new Cookie("lastAccessTime",System.currentTimeMillis()+"");
		cookie.setMaxAge(0);
		cookie.setPath("/day07");
		response.addCookie(cookie);
		
		response.setStatus(302);
		response.setHeader("Location", "/day07/servlet/CookieDemo1");
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

Cookie细节 ：

Cookie案例—显示商品浏览记录：

Servlet代码：

//商品类（书籍）
class Book{
	private String id;
	private String name;
	private String author;
	private String description;
	
	public Book() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public Book(String id, String name, String author, String description) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.author = author;
		this.description = description;
	}
	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getAuthor() {
		return author;
	}
	public void setAuthor(String author) {
		this.author = author;
	}
	public String getDescription() {
		return description;
	}
	public void setDescription(String description) {
		this.description = description;
	}
	
	
}

//数据库(如果有检索数据需求，则用双列(Map)，如果不检索，则用单列(List)	)
class Db{
	private static Map<String,Book> map = new LinkedHashMap();  //如果用HashMap，则获取商品顺序和存入顺序不一致，hashMap是根据hash值排列的
	//静态块，一使用Db类就自动执行
	static{
		map.put("1", new Book("1","javaweb开发","老张","一本好书"));
		map.put("2", new Book("2","jdbc开发","老张","一本好书"));
		map.put("3", new Book("3","spring开发","老黎","一本好书"));
		map.put("4", new Book("4","struts开发","老毕","一本好书"));
		map.put("5", new Book("5","android开发","老黎","一本好书"));
	}
	
	public static Map getAll(){
		return map;
	}
}

//代表首页的servlet
public class CookieDemo3 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		
		//1.输出网站所有商品
		out.write("本网站有如下商品：<br/>");
		Map<String, Book> map = Db.getAll();
		//1.迭代map要把map先用entrySet方法转成Set
		//2.用增强for循环对map迭代，迭代出的每一个都是Map.Entry
		for(Map.Entry<String, Book> entry : map.entrySet()){
			Book book = entry.getValue();
			out.print("<a href='/day07/servlet/CookieDemo4?id="+book.getId()+"' target='_blank'>"+book.getName()+"</a><br/>");
		}
		
		//2.显示用户曾经看过的商品
		out.print("<br/>您曾经看过如下商品：<br/>");
		Cookie cookies[] = request.getCookies();
		for(int i = 0;cookies!=null&&i<cookies.length;i++){
			if(cookies[i].getName().equals("bookHistory")){
				String ids[] = cookies[i].getValue().split("\\,");	//用逗号分割，用\\转义，确保不出问题
				for(String id : ids){
					Book book = (Book)Db.getAll().get(id);
					out.print(book.getName()+"<br/>");
				}
			}
		}
		
		
		
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

//显示商品详细信息的servlet
public class CookieDemo4 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		
		//1.根据用户带过来的id,显示响应商品的详细信息
		String id = request.getParameter("id");
		Book book = (Book)Db.getAll().get(id);
		out.write(book.getId()+"<br/>");
		out.write(book.getAuthor()+"<br/>");
		out.write(book.getName()+"<br/>");
		out.write(book.getDescription()+"<br/>");
		
		
		//2.构建cookie，回写给浏览器
		String cookieValue = buildCookie(id,request);
		Cookie cookie = new Cookie("bookHistory",cookieValue);
		cookie.setMaxAge(1*30*24*3600);
		cookie.setPath("/day07");
		response.addCookie(cookie);
		
		
	}

	private String buildCookie(String id, HttpServletRequest request) {
		
		//当前cookiez值		当前浏览id  回送cookie值
		//bookHistory=null		1		1
		//bookHistory=2,5,1		1		1,2,5
		//bookHistory=2,5,4		1		1,2,5	
		//bookHistory=2,5		1		1,2,5
		
		String bookHistory = null;
		Cookie cookies[] = request.getCookies();
		for(int i = 0;cookies!=null&&i<cookies.length;i++){
			if(cookies[i].getName().equals("bookHistory")){
				bookHistory=cookies[i].getValue();
			}
		}
		
//		if(bookHistory==null){
//			//bookHistory=null		1		1
//			return id;
//		}
//		
//		LinkedList<String> list = new LinkedList(Arrays.asList(bookHistory.split("\\,")));
//		if(list.contains(id)){
//			//bookHistory=2,5,1		1		1,2,5
//			list.remove(id);
//			list.addFirst(id);
//		}
//		else{
//			//bookHistory=2,5,4		1		1,2,5
//			if(list.size()>=3){
//				list.removeLast();
//				list.addFirst(id);
//			}
//			else{
//				//bookHistory=2,5		1		1,2,5
//				list.addFirst(id);
//			}
//		}
		
		if(bookHistory==null){
			return id;
		}
		//先把bookHistory字符串按","拆分为数组，再用Arrays.asList把数组转为List集合，再把List集合转为LinkedList，因为LinkedList对于节点的增删改查很方便
		LinkedList<String> list = new LinkedList(Arrays.asList(bookHistory.split("\\,")));
		
		if(list.contains(id)){
			list.remove(id);
		}
		else{
			if(list.size()>=3){
				list.removeLast();
			}
		}
		list.addFirst(id);
		
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		for(String bid : list){
			sb.append(bid+",");
		}

		return sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()-1).toString();
		
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}