本篇文章主要内容是：详细讲述View的测量(Measure)流程从ViewRootImpl#performTraversals说起
先来看看performMeasure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec)这个方法，它传入两个参数，分别是childWidthMeasureSpec和childHeightMeasure，那么这两个参数代表什么意思呢？要想了解这两个参数的意思，我们就要先了解MeasureSpec。
MeasureSpec
其中，测量模式（Mode）的类型有3种：UNSPECIFIED、EXACTLY 和
AT_MOST。具体如下：
对于每一个View，包括DecorView，都持有一个MeasureSpec，而该MeasureSpec则保存了该View的尺寸规格。
在View的测量流程中，通过makeMeasureSpec来保存宽高信息，在其他流程通过getMode或getSize得到模式和宽高。
那么问题来了，上面提到MeasureSpec是LayoutParams和父容器的模式所共同影响的，那么，对于DecorView来说，它已经是顶层view了，没有父容器，那么它的MeasureSpec怎么来的呢？
是根据window的窗口大小而来。回到ViewRootImpl#performTraversals
根据不同的模式来设置MeasureSpec，如果是LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT模式，则是窗口的大小，WRAP_CONTENT模式则是大小不确定，但是不能超过窗口的大小.默认强制设置为窗口大小。
到了这里，我们就为顶级的DecorView设置了MeasureSpec，它代表着根View的规格、尺寸，在接下来的measure流程中，就是根据已获得的根View的MeasureSpec来逐层测量各个子View。
ViewRootImpl#performTraversals
private void performMeasure(int childWidthMeasureSpec, int childHeightMeasureSpec) {
void performMeasure(int childWidthMeasureSpec, int childHeightMeasureSpec) {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "measure");
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "measure");
try {
try {
//调用了View#measure 方法，childWidthMeasureSpec 和childHeightMeasureSpec 是我们刚刚调用getRootMeasureSpec 生成的
//调用了View#measure 方法，childWidthMeasureSpec 和childHeightMeasureSpec 是我们刚刚调用getRootMeasureSpec 生成的
mView.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
mView.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
} finally {
finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW
方法很简单，直接调用了mView.measure，这里的mView就是DecorView，也就是说，从顶级View开始了测量流程，那么我们直接进入measure流程。
由于DecorView继承自FrameLayout，是PhoneWindow的一个内部类，而FrameLayout没有measure方法，因此调用的是父类View的measure方法，我们直接看它的源码，
View#measure
public final void measure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
final void measure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
boolean optical = isLayoutModeOptical(this);
boolean optical = isLayoutModeOptical(this);
if (optical != isLayoutModeOptical(mParent)) {
if (optical != isLayoutModeOptical(mParent)) {
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT) == PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT ||
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT) == PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT ||
widthMeasureSpec != mOldWidthMeasureSpec ||
widthMeasureSpec != mOldWidthMeasureSpec ||
heightMeasureSpec != mOldHeightMeasureSpec) {
heightMeasureSpec != mOldHeightMeasureSpec) {
int cacheIndex = (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT) == PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT ? -1 :
int cacheIndex = (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT) == PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT ? -1 :
mMeasureCache.indexOfKey(key);
mMeasureCache.indexOfKey(key);//如果我们的子View没有要求强制刷新，而父View给子View的传入值也没有变化（也就是说子View的位置没变化），就不会做无谓的measure//如果我们的子View没有要求强制刷新，而父View给子View的传入值也没有变化（也就是说子View的位置没变化），就不会做无谓的measure if (cacheIndex < 0 || sIgnoreMeasureCache) {
if (cacheIndex < 0 || sIgnoreMeasureCache) {
// measure ourselves, this should set the measured dimension flag back
// measure ourselves, this should set the measured dimension flag back
onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_MEASURE_NEEDED_BEFORE_LAYOUT;
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_MEASURE_NEEDED_BEFORE_LAYOUT;
} else{
mMeasureCache.put(key, ((long) mMeasuredWidth) << 32 |
mMeasureCache.put(key, ((long) mMeasuredWidth) << 32 |
(long) mMeasuredHeight & 0xffffffffL); // suppress sign extension
long) mMeasuredHeight & 0xffffffffL); // suppress sign extension可以看到，调用到下一个关键函数onMeasure。由于DecorView是View子类，因此它实际上调用的是DecorView#onMeasure方法.
@Override
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
final DisplayMetrics metrics = getContext().getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
final DisplayMetrics metrics = getContext().getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
final boolean isPortrait =
final boolean isPortrait =
getResources().getConfiguration().orientation == ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT; //是否是竖向
getResources().getConfiguration().orientation == ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT; //是否是竖向
//获取高宽的模式
//获取高宽的模式
final int widthMode = getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
final int widthMode = getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
final int heightMode = getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
final int heightMode = getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
//.....中间依据window的高宽，进行了很多判断，是否需要重新计算宽度和高度
//.....中间依据window的高宽，进行了很多判断，是否需要重新计算宽度和高度
if (measure) {
if (measure) {
//调用到了FrameLayout的onMeasure
//调用到了FrameLayout的onMeasure
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec)View有非常多的子类容器：FrameLayout、 RelativeLayout、LinearLayout。
FrameLayout#messure
@Override@Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { //获取子View的个数//获取子View的个数 int count = getChildCount();int count = getChildCount(); // 判断当前布局的宽高是否是wrap_content，如果是则置measureMatchParentChildren为true.后续需要再次测量 // 判断当前布局的宽高是否是wrap_content，如果是则置measureMatchParentChildren为true.后续需要再次测量 final boolean measureMatchParentChildren =final boolean measureMatchParentChildren = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY ||MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY || MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY; mMatchParentChildren.clear();mMatchParentChildren.clear(); int maxHeight = 0;int maxHeight = 0; int maxWidth = 0;int maxWidth = 0; int childState = 0;int childState = 0; //遍历所有类型不为GONE的子View //遍历所有类型不为GONE的子View for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { final View child = getChildAt(i);final View child = getChildAt(i); if (mMeasureAllChildren || child.getVisibility() != GONE) {if (mMeasureAllChildren || child.getVisibility() != GONE) { 对每一个子View进行测量， 依次往下层子View调用对每一个子View进行测量， 依次往下层子View调用 measureChildWithMargins(child, widthMeasureSpec, 0, heightMeasureSpec, 0);measureChildWithMargins(child, widthMeasureSpec, 0, heightMeasureSpec, 0); //寻找子View中宽高的最大者，因为如果FrameLayout是wrap_content属性//寻找子View中宽高的最大者，因为如果FrameLayout是wrap_content属性 //那么它的大小取决于子View中的最大者//那么它的大小取决于子View中的最大者 final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams(); maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth,maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth, child.getMeasuredWidth() + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin);child.getMeasuredWidth() + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin); maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight,maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight, child.getMeasuredHeight() + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin);child.getMeasuredHeight() + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin); childState = combineMeasuredStates(childState, child.getMeasuredState());childState = combineMeasuredStates(childState, child.getMeasuredState()); //如果FrameLayout是wrap_content模式，那么往mMatchParentChildren中添加//如果FrameLayout是wrap_content模式，那么往mMatchParentChildren中添加 //宽或者高为match_parent的子View，因为该子View的最终测量大小会受到FrameLayout的最终测量大小影响//宽或者高为match_parent的子View，因为该子View的最终测量大小会受到FrameLayout的最终测量大小影响 if (measureMatchParentChildren) {if (measureMatchParentChildren) { if (lp.width == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT ||if (lp.width == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT || lp.height == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {lp.height == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) { mMatchParentChildren.add(child);mMatchParentChildren.add(child); // Account for padding too// Account for padding too maxWidth += getPaddingLeftWithForeground() + getPaddingRightWithForeground();maxWidth += getPaddingLeftWithForeground() + getPaddingRightWithForeground(); maxHeight += getPaddingTopWithForeground() + getPaddingBottomWithForeground();maxHeight += getPaddingTopWithForeground() + getPaddingBottomWithForeground(); // Check against our minimum height and width// Check against our minimum height and width maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight, getSuggestedMinimumHeight());maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight, getSuggestedMinimumHeight()); maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth, getSuggestedMinimumWidth());maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth, getSuggestedMinimumWidth()); // Check against our foreground's minimum height and width// Check against our foreground's minimum height and width final Drawable drawable = getForeground();final Drawable drawable = getForeground(); if (drawable != null) {if (drawable != null) { maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight, drawable.getMinimumHeight());maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight, drawable.getMinimumHeight()); maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth, drawable.getMinimumWidth());maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth, drawable.getMinimumWidth()); //保存宽度和高度,必须要调用的方法 //保存宽度和高度,必须要调用的方法 setMeasuredDimension(resolveSizeAndState(maxWidth, widthMeasureSpec, childState),setMeasuredDimension(resolveSizeAndState(maxWidth, widthMeasureSpec, childState), resolveSizeAndState(maxHeight, heightMeasureSpec,resolveSizeAndState(maxHeight, heightMeasureSpec, childState << MEASURED_HEIGHT_STATE_SHIFT));childState << MEASURED_HEIGHT_STATE_SHIFT)); //对所有match_parent的子View进行重新计算高度和宽度//对所有match_parent的子View进行重新计算高度和宽度 count = mMatchParentChildren.size();count = mMatchParentChildren.size(); if (count > 1) {if (count > 1) { for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { final View child = mMatchParentChildren.get(i);final View child = mMatchParentChildren.get(i); final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams(); /** /** * 如果子View的宽度是match_parent属性，那么对当前FrameLayout的MeasureSpec修改：* 如果子View的宽度是match_parent属性，那么对当前FrameLayout的MeasureSpec修改： * 把widthMeasureSpec的宽度规格修改为:总宽度 - padding - margin，这样做的意思是：* 把widthMeasureSpec的宽度规格修改为:总宽度 - padding - margin，这样做的意思是： * 对于子View来说，如果要match_parent，那么它可以覆盖的范围是FrameLayout的测量宽度* 对于子View来说，如果要match_parent，那么它可以覆盖的范围是FrameLayout的测量宽度 * 减去padding和margin后剩下的空间。* 减去padding和margin后剩下的空间。 **/**/ final int childWidthMeasureSpec;final int childWidthMeasureSpec; if (lp.width == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {if (lp.width == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) { final int width = Math.max(0, getMeasuredWidth()final int width = Math.max(0, getMeasuredWidth() - getPaddingLeftWithForeground() - getPaddingRightWithForeground()- getPaddingLeftWithForeground() - getPaddingRightWithForeground() - lp.leftMargin - lp.rightMargin);- lp.leftMargin - lp.rightMargin); childWidthMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(childWidthMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec( width, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);width, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY); } else {else { /** /** * 如果子View的宽度是一个确定的值，比如50dp，那么FrameLayout的widthMeasureSpec的宽度规格修改为：* 如果子View的宽度是一个确定的值，比如50dp，那么FrameLayout的widthMeasureSpec的宽度规格修改为： * SpecSize为子View的宽度，即50dp，SpecMode为EXACTLY模式* SpecSize为子View的宽度，即50dp，SpecMode为EXACTLY模式 * * * 如果子View的宽度是wrap_content属性，那么FrameLayout的widthMeasureSpec的宽度规格修改为：* 如果子View的宽度是wrap_content属性，那么FrameLayout的widthMeasureSpec的宽度规格修改为： * SpecSize为子View的宽度减去padding减去margin，SpecMode为AT_MOST模式* SpecSize为子View的宽度减去padding减去margin，SpecMode为AT_MOST模式 * #getChildMeasureSpec* #getChildMeasureSpec */*/ childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(widthMeasureSpec,childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(widthMeasureSpec, getPaddingLeftWithForeground() + getPaddingRightWithForeground() +getPaddingLeftWithForeground() + getPaddingRightWithForeground() + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin,lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin, lp.width);lp.width); final int childHeightMeasureSpec;final int childHeightMeasureSpec; if (lp.height == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {if (lp.height == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) { final int height = Math.max(0, getMeasuredHeight()final int height = Math.max(0, getMeasuredHeight() - getPaddingTopWithForeground() - getPaddingBottomWithForeground()- getPaddingTopWithForeground() - getPaddingBottomWithForeground() - lp.topMargin - lp.bottomMargin);- lp.topMargin - lp.bottomMargin); childHeightMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(childHeightMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec( height, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);height, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY); } else {else { childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(heightMeasureSpec,childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(heightMeasureSpec, getPaddingTopWithForeground() + getPaddingBottomWithForeground() +getPaddingTopWithForeground() + getPaddingBottomWithForeground() + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin,lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin, lp.height);lp.height); //重新计算后的width 和 height 重新测量//重新计算后的width 和 height 重新测量 child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
measureChildWithMargins
protected void measureChildWithMargins(View child,protected void measureChildWithMargins(View child, int parentWidthMeasureSpec, int widthUsed,int parentWidthMeasureSpec, int widthUsed, int parentHeightMeasureSpec, int heightUsed) {int parentHeightMeasureSpec, int heightUsed) { final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams(); final int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentWidthMeasureSpec,final int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentWidthMeasureSpec, mPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMarginmPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin + widthUsed, lp.width);+ widthUsed, lp.width); final int childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentHeightMeasureSpec,final int childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentHeightMeasureSpec, mPaddingTop + mPaddingBottom + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMarginmPaddingTop + mPaddingBottom + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin + heightUsed, lp.height);+ heightUsed, lp.height); //调用View的 measure方法，然后是child#onMeasure //调用View的 measure方法，然后是child#onMeasure //通过父View的MeasureSpec和子View的自己LayoutParams的计算，算出子View的MeasureSpec，然后父容器传递给子容器的//通过父View的MeasureSpec和子View的自己LayoutParams的计算，算出子View的MeasureSpec，然后父容器传递给子容器的 // 然后让子View用这个MeasureSpec（一个测量要求，比如不能超过多大）去测量自己，如果子View是ViewGroup 那还会递归往下测量。// 然后让子View用这个MeasureSpec（一个测量要求，比如不能超过多大）去测量自己，如果子View是ViewGroup 那还会递归往下测量。 child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
让我们看看getChildMeasureSpec 方法，
* Does the hard part of measureChildren: figuring out the MeasureSpec to* Does the hard part of measureChildren: figuring out the MeasureSpec to * pass to a particular child. This method figures out the right MeasureSpec* pass to a particular child. This method figures out the right MeasureSpec * for one dimension (height or width) of one child view.* for one dimension (height or width) of one child view. ** * The goal is to combine information from our MeasureSpec with the* The goal is to combine information from our MeasureSpec with the * LayoutParams of the child to get the best possible results. For example,* LayoutParams of the child to get the best possible results. For example, * if the this view knows its size (because its MeasureSpec has a mode of* if the this view knows its size (because its MeasureSpec has a mode of * EXACTLY), and the child has indicated in its LayoutParams that it wants* EXACTLY), and the child has indicated in its LayoutParams that it wants * to be the same size as the parent, the parent should ask the child to* to be the same size as the parent, the parent should ask the child to * layout given an exact size.* layout given an exact size. ** * @param spec The requirements for this view* @param spec The requirements for this view * @param padding The padding of this view for the current dimension and* @param padding The padding of this view for the current dimension and * margins, if applicable* margins, if applicable * @param childDimension How big the child wants to be in the current* @param childDimension How big the child wants to be in the current * dimension* dimension * @return a MeasureSpec integer for the child* @return a MeasureSpec integer for the child */*/public static int getChildMeasureSpec(int spec, int padding, int childDimension) { static int getChildMeasureSpec(int spec, int padding, int childDimension) { int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(spec); //父容器的模式int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(spec); //父容器的模式 int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(spec);int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(spec); int size = Math.max(0, specSize - padding); //父容器提供的大小int size = Math.max(0, specSize - padding); //父容器提供的大小 int resultSize = 0;int resultSize = 0; int resultMode = 0;int resultMode = 0; switch (specMode) {switch (specMode) { // Parent has imposed an exact size on us// Parent has imposed an exact size on us case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY: if (childDimension >= 0) {if (childDimension >= 0) { resultSize = childDimension;resultSize = childDimension; resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY; } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) { // Child wants to be our size. So be it.// Child wants to be our size. So be it. resultSize = size;resultSize = size; resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY; } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) { // Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be// Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be // bigger than us.// bigger than us. resultSize = size;resultSize = size; resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST; break;break; // Parent has imposed a maximum size on us// Parent has imposed a maximum size on us case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST: if (childDimension >= 0) {if (childDimension >= 0) { // Child wants a specific size... so be it// Child wants a specific size... so be it resultSize = childDimension;resultSize = childDimension; resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY; } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) { // Child wants to be our size, but our size is not fixed.// Child wants to be our size, but our size is not fixed. // Constrain child to not be bigger than us.// Constrain child to not be bigger than us. resultSize = size;resultSize = size; resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST; } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) { // Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be// Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be // bigger than us.// bigger than us. resultSize = size;resultSize = size; resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST; } break;break; // Parent asked to see how big we want to be// Parent asked to see how big we want to be case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED: if (childDimension >= 0) {if (childDimension >= 0) { // Child wants a specific size... let him have it// Child wants a specific size... let him have it resultSize = childDimension;resultSize = childDimension; resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY; } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) { // Child wants to be our size... find out how big it should// Child wants to be our size... find out how big it should // be// be resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size;resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size; resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED; } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) { // Child wants to determine its own size.... find out how// Child wants to determine its own size.... find out how // big it should be// big it should be resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size;resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size; resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED; } break;break; } //noinspection ResourceType//noinspection ResourceType return MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(resultSize, resultMode);return MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(resultSize, resultMode); }
View#messure小结
-
如果父View的MeasureSpec 是EXACTLY，说明父View的大小是确切的，（确切的意思很好理解，如果一个View的MeasureSpec 是EXACTLY，那么它的size 是多大，最后展示到屏幕就一定是那么大）。
-
如果父View的MeasureSpec 是AT_MOST，说明父View的大小是不确定，最大的大小是MeasureSpec 的size值，不能超过这个值。
-
如果父View的MeasureSpec 是UNSPECIFIED(未指定),表示没有任何束缚和约束，不像AT_MOST表示最大只能多大，不也像EXACTLY表示父View确定的大小，子View可以得到任意想要的大小，不受约束
通过以上代码分析，我们可以得出在FrameLayout中，如果子View的高或者宽设置成为了match_parent 其messure会被调用两次。
第一次是为了获取最大的高和宽。
第二次是为了给子View赋予精确的高宽值。
让我们继续下一步:
ViewRootImpl#performLayout
private void performLayout(WindowManager.LayoutParams lp, int desiredWindowWidth,private void performLayout(WindowManager.LayoutParams lp, int desiredWindowWidth, int desiredWindowHeight) {int desiredWindowHeight) { mLayoutRequested = false;mLayoutRequested = false; mScrollMayChange = true;mScrollMayChange = true; mInLayout = true;mInLayout = true; final View host = mView;final View host = mView; if (DEBUG_ORIENTATION || DEBUG_LAYOUT) {if (DEBUG_ORIENTATION || DEBUG_LAYOUT) { Log.v(mTag, "Laying out " + host + " to (" +Log.v(mTag, "Laying out " + host + " to (" + host.getMeasuredWidth() + ", " + host.getMeasuredHeight() + ")");host.getMeasuredWidth() + ", " + host.getMeasuredHeight() + ")"); } Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "layout");Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "layout"); try {try { //进入View的Layout阶段//进入View的Layout阶段 host.layout(0, 0, host.getMeasuredWidth(), host.getMeasuredHeight());host.layout(0, 0, host.getMeasuredWidth(), host.getMeasuredHeight()); mInLayout = false;mInLayout = false; int numViewsRequestingLayout = mLayoutRequesters.size();int numViewsRequestingLayout = mLayoutRequesters.size(); if (numViewsRequestingLayout > 0) {if (numViewsRequestingLayout > 0) { // requestLayout() was called during layout.// requestLayout() was called during layout. // If no layout-request flags are set on the requesting views, there is no problem.// If no layout-request flags are set on the requesting views, there is no problem. // If some requests are still pending, then we need to clear those flags and do// If some requests are still pending, then we need to clear those flags and do // a full request/measure/layout pass to handle this situation.// a full request/measure/layout pass to handle this situation. //如果在布局期间，重新发起了requestLayout， 需要再重新测量、和布局。。 重复这个阶段//如果在布局期间，重新发起了requestLayout， 需要再重新测量、和布局。。 重复这个阶段 ArrayList<View> validLayoutRequesters = getValidLayoutRequesters(mLayoutRequesters,ArrayList<View> validLayoutRequesters = getValidLayoutRequesters(mLayoutRequesters, false);false); if (validLayoutRequesters != null) {if (validLayoutRequesters != null) { // Set this flag to indicate that any further requests are happening during// Set this flag to indicate that any further requests are happening during // the second pass, which may result in posting those requests to the next// the second pass, which may result in posting those requests to the next // frame instead// frame instead mHandlingLayoutInLayoutRequest = true;mHandlingLayoutInLayoutRequest = true; // Process fresh layout requests, then measure and layout// Process fresh layout requests, then measure and layout int numValidRequests = validLayoutRequesters.size();int numValidRequests = validLayoutRequesters.size(); for (int i = 0; i < numValidRequests; ++i) {for (int i = 0; i < numValidRequests; ++i) { final View view = validLayoutRequesters.get(i);final View view = validLayoutRequesters.get(i); Log.w("View", "requestLayout() improperly called by " + view +Log.w("View", "requestLayout() improperly called by " + view + " during layout: running second layout pass");" during layout: running second layout pass"); view.requestLayout();view.requestLayout(); } measureHierarchy(host, lp, mView.getContext().getResources(),measureHierarchy(host, lp, mView.getContext().getResources(), desiredWindowWidth, desiredWindowHeight);desiredWindowWidth, desiredWindowHeight); mInLayout = true;mInLayout = true; host.layout(0, 0, host.getMeasuredWidth(), host.getMeasuredHeight());host.layout(0, 0, host.getMeasuredWidth(), host.getMeasuredHeight()); ....
我们再跟进DecorView#layout方法，由于DecorView是ViewGroup的间接子View所以，实现在ViewGroup的layout
@Override@Override public final void layout(int l, int t, int r, int b) {public final void layout(int l, int t, int r, int b) { if (!mSuppressLayout && (mTransition == null || !mTransition.isChangingLayout())) {if (!mSuppressLayout && (mTransition == null || !mTransition.isChangingLayout())) { if (mTransition != null) {if (mTransition != null) { mTransition.layoutChange(this);mTransition.layoutChange(this); } //最终还是调用到了View#layout //最终还是调用到了View#layout super.layout(l, t, r, b);super.layout(l, t, r, b); } else {else { // record the fact that we noop'd it; request layout when transition finishes// record the fact that we noop'd it; request layout when transition finishes mLayoutCalledWhileSuppressed = true;mLayoutCalledWhileSuppressed = true; } }
View#layout
public void layout(int l, int t, int r, int b) {public void layout(int l, int t, int r, int b) { if ((mPrivateFlags3 & PFLAG3_MEASURE_NEEDED_BEFORE_LAYOUT) != 0) { //测量发生了变化，需要重新测量，if ((mPrivateFlags3 & PFLAG3_MEASURE_NEEDED_BEFORE_LAYOUT) != 0) { //测量发生了变化，需要重新测量， onMeasure(mOldWidthMeasureSpec, mOldHeightMeasureSpec);onMeasure(mOldWidthMeasureSpec, mOldHeightMeasureSpec); mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_MEASURE_NEEDED_BEFORE_LAYOUT;mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_MEASURE_NEEDED_BEFORE_LAYOUT; } int oldL = mLeft;int oldL = mLeft; int oldT = mTop;int oldT = mTop; int oldB = mBottom;int oldB = mBottom; int oldR = mRight;int oldR = mRight; boolean changed = isLayoutModeOptical(mParent) ?boolean changed = isLayoutModeOptical(mParent) ? setOpticalFrame(l, t, r, b) : setFrame(l, t, r, b);setOpticalFrame(l, t, r, b) : setFrame(l, t, r, b); if (changed || (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) == PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) {if (changed || (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) == PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) { //布局发生变化，或者要去layout 。调用onLayout //布局发生变化，或者要去layout 。调用onLayout onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b); if (shouldDrawRoundScrollbar()) {if (shouldDrawRoundScrollbar()) { if(mRoundScrollbarRenderer == null) {if(mRoundScrollbarRenderer == null) { mRoundScrollbarRenderer = new RoundScrollbarRenderer(this);mRoundScrollbarRenderer = new RoundScrollbarRenderer(this); } } else {else { mRoundScrollbarRenderer = null;mRoundScrollbarRenderer = null; } mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED;mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED; ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo; if (li != null && li.mOnLayoutChangeListeners != null) {if (li != null && li.mOnLayoutChangeListeners != null) { ArrayList<OnLayoutChangeListener> listenersCopy =ArrayList<OnLayoutChangeListener> listenersCopy = (ArrayList<OnLayoutChangeListener>)li.mOnLayoutChangeListeners.clone();ArrayList<OnLayoutChangeListener>)li.mOnLayoutChangeListeners.clone(); int numListeners = listenersCopy.size();int numListeners = listenersCopy.size(); for (int i = 0; i < numListeners; ++i) {for (int i = 0; i < numListeners; ++i) { listenersCopy.get(i).onLayoutChange(this, l, t, r, b, oldL, oldT, oldR, oldB);listenersCopy.get(i).onLayoutChange(this, l, t, r, b, oldL, oldT, oldR, oldB); } } } mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT;mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT; mPrivateFlags3 |= PFLAG3_IS_LAID_OUT;mPrivateFlags3 |= PFLAG3_IS_LAID_OUT; }从上面代码可以看出，在layout中，又调用了onLayout方法。同样，我们继续看看DecorView的onLayout方法
在DecorView#onLayout 中，调用的是super.onLayout. 其父类是FrameLayout。看看FrameLayout#onLayout
@Override@Override protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) { layoutChildren(left, top, right, bottom, false /* no force left gravity */);layoutChildren(left, top, right, bottom, false /* no force left gravity */); } void layoutChildren(int left, int top, int right, int bottom, boolean forceLeftGravity) {void layoutChildren(int left, int top, int right, int bottom, boolean forceLeftGravity) { final int count = getChildCount();final int count = getChildCount(); final int parentLeft = getPaddingLeftWithForeground();final int parentLeft = getPaddingLeftWithForeground(); final int parentRight = right - left - getPaddingRightWithForeground();final int parentRight = right - left - getPaddingRightWithForeground(); final int parentTop = getPaddingTopWithForeground();final int parentTop = getPaddingTopWithForeground(); final int parentBottom = bottom - top - getPaddingBottomWithForeground();final int parentBottom = bottom - top - getPaddingBottomWithForeground(); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { final View child = getChildAt(i);final View child = getChildAt(i); if (child.getVisibility() != GONE) {if (child.getVisibility() != GONE) { final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams(); //.... 依据子View的gravity计算子View的坐标。循环调用子View进行布局坐标计算 //.... 依据子View的gravity计算子View的坐标。循环调用子View进行布局坐标计算 child.layout(childLeft, childTop, childLeft + width, childTop + height);child.layout(childLeft, childTop, childLeft + width, childTop + height); } } }
好了，这里就完成了布局的坐标计算。我们再次回到ViewRootIml，分析下一个阶段 绘制 performOnDraw
ViewRootIml#performOnDraw
private void performDraw() {private void performDraw() { .... draw(fullRedrawNeeded);draw(fullRedrawNeeded); if (mReportNextDraw) {if (mReportNextDraw) { ... try {try { mWindowSession.finishDrawing(mWindow);mWindowSession.finishDrawing(mWindow); } catch (RemoteException e) {catch (RemoteException e) { } } }
可以看到，调用到了 draw(fullRedrawNeeded)方法，进行跟进
private void draw(boolean fullRedrawNeeded) {private void draw(boolean fullRedrawNeeded) { ... 此处省略一大段源码，此处省略一大段源码， scrollToRectOrFocus(null, false);scrollToRectOrFocus(null, false); .... if (fullRedrawNeeded) {if (fullRedrawNeeded) { mAttachInfo.mIgnoreDirtyState = true;mAttachInfo.mIgnoreDirtyState = true; dirty.set(0, 0, (int) (mWidth * appScale + 0.5f), (int) (mHeight * appScale + 0.5f));dirty.set(0, 0, (int) (mWidth * appScale + 0.5f), (int) (mHeight * appScale + 0.5f)); } if(!dirty.isEmpty() || mIsAnimating || accessibilityFocusDirty){if(!dirty.isEmpty() || mIsAnimating || accessibilityFocusDirty){ if(mAttachInfo.mHardwareRenderer != null && mAttachInfo.mHardwareRenderer.isEnabled()){if(mAttachInfo.mHardwareRenderer != null && mAttachInfo.mHardwareRenderer.isEnabled()){ //支持硬件加速，硬件加速进行绘制//支持硬件加速，硬件加速进行绘制 mAttachInfo.mHardwareRenderer.draw(mView, mAttachInfo, this);mAttachInfo.mHardwareRenderer.draw(mView, mAttachInfo, this); }else{else{ .... //软件绘制//软件绘制 if (!drawSoftware(surface, mAttachInfo, xOffset, yOffset, scalingRequired, dirty)) {if (!drawSoftware(surface, mAttachInfo, xOffset, yOffset, scalingRequired, dirty)) { return;return; } } }好，我们继续跟进drawSoftware 方法：
private boolean drawSoftware(Surface surface, AttachInfo attachInfo, int xoff, int yoff, boolean drawSoftware(Surface surface, AttachInfo attachInfo, int xoff, int yoff, boolean scalingRequired, Rect dirty) {boolean scalingRequired, Rect dirty) { // Draw with software renderer.// Draw with software renderer. final Canvas canvas;final Canvas canvas; try {try { final int left = dirty.left;final int left = dirty.left; final int top = dirty.top;final int top = dirty.top; final int right = dirty.right;final int right = dirty.right; final int bottom = dirty.bottom;final int bottom = dirty.bottom; //我们常见的canvas画布终于出现了 //我们常见的canvas画布终于出现了 canvas = mSurface.lockCanvas(dirty);canvas = mSurface.lockCanvas(dirty); ....... // If this bitmap's format includes an alpha channel, we// If this bitmap's format includes an alpha channel, we // need to clear it before drawing so that the child will// need to clear it before drawing so that the child will // properly re-composite its drawing on a transparent// properly re-composite its drawing on a transparent // background. This automatically respects the clip/dirty region// background. This automatically respects the clip/dirty region // or// or // If we are applying an offset, we need to clear the area// If we are applying an offset, we need to clear the area // where the offset doesn't appear to avoid having garbage// where the offset doesn't appear to avoid having garbage // left in the blank areas.// left in the blank areas. if (!canvas.isOpaque() || yoff != 0 || xoff != 0) {if (!canvas.isOpaque() || yoff != 0 || xoff != 0) { canvas.drawColor(0, PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR);canvas.drawColor(0, PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR); } dirty.setEmpty();dirty.setEmpty(); mIsAnimating = false;mIsAnimating = false; mView.mPrivateFlags |= View.PFLAG_DRAWN;mView.mPrivateFlags |= View.PFLAG_DRAWN; try {try { canvas.translate(-xoff, -yoff);canvas.translate(-xoff, -yoff); if (mTranslator != null) {if (mTranslator != null) { mTranslator.translateCanvas(canvas);mTranslator.translateCanvas(canvas); } canvas.setScreenDensity(scalingRequired ? mNoncompatDensity : 0);canvas.setScreenDensity(scalingRequired ? mNoncompatDensity : 0); attachInfo.mSetIgnoreDirtyState = false;attachInfo.mSetIgnoreDirtyState = false; //终于找到正主了！！ ， 看，进入到View的draw方法了！！ //终于找到正主了！！ ， 看，进入到View的draw方法了！！ mView.draw(canvas);mView.draw(canvas); drawAccessibilityFocusedDrawableIfNeeded(canvas);drawAccessibilityFocusedDrawableIfNeeded(canvas); } finally {finally { if (!attachInfo.mSetIgnoreDirtyState) {if (!attachInfo.mSetIgnoreDirtyState) { // Only clear the flag if it was not set during the mView.draw() call// Only clear the flag if it was not set during the mView.draw() call attachInfo.mIgnoreDirtyState = false;attachInfo.mIgnoreDirtyState = false; } } } finally {finally { try {try { //绘制完成，解锁canvas//绘制完成，解锁canvas surface.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);surface.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { .... } return true;return true; }从上面代码，我们终于找到View#draw的调用了。
View#draw
@CallSuper@CallSuper public void draw(Canvas canvas) {public void draw(Canvas canvas) { final int privateFlags = mPrivateFlags;final int privateFlags = mPrivateFlags; final boolean dirtyOpaque = (privateFlags & PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK) == PFLAG_DIRTY_OPAQUE &&final boolean dirtyOpaque = (privateFlags & PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK) == PFLAG_DIRTY_OPAQUE && (mAttachInfo == null || !mAttachInfo.mIgnoreDirtyState);mAttachInfo == null || !mAttachInfo.mIgnoreDirtyState); mPrivateFlags = (privateFlags & ~PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK) | PFLAG_DRAWN;mPrivateFlags = (privateFlags & ~PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK) | PFLAG_DRAWN; /*/* * Draw traversal performs several drawing steps which must be executed* Draw traversal performs several drawing steps which must be executed * in the appropriate order:* in the appropriate order: ** * 1. Draw the background* 1. Draw the background * 2. If necessary, save the canvas' layers to prepare for fading* 2. If necessary, save the canvas' layers to prepare for fading * 3. Draw view's content* 3. Draw view's content * 4. Draw children* 4. Draw children * 5. If necessary, draw the fading edges and restore layers* 5. If necessary, draw the fading edges and restore layers * 6. Draw decorations (scrollbars for instance)* 6. Draw decorations (scrollbars for instance) */*/ // Step 1, draw the background, if needed// Step 1, draw the background, if needed int saveCount;int saveCount; if (!dirtyOpaque) {if (!dirtyOpaque) { drawBackground(canvas);drawBackground(canvas); } // skip step 2 & 5 if possible (common case)// skip step 2 & 5 if possible (common case) final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;final int viewFlags = mViewFlags; boolean horizontalEdges = (viewFlags & FADING_EDGE_HORIZONTAL) != 0;boolean horizontalEdges = (viewFlags & FADING_EDGE_HORIZONTAL) != 0; boolean verticalEdges = (viewFlags & FADING_EDGE_VERTICAL) != 0;boolean verticalEdges = (viewFlags & FADING_EDGE_VERTICAL) != 0; if (!verticalEdges && !horizontalEdges) {if (!verticalEdges && !horizontalEdges) { // Step 3, draw the content// Step 3, draw the content if (!dirtyOpaque) onDraw(canvas);if (!dirtyOpaque) onDraw(canvas); // Step 4, draw the children// Step 4, draw the children dispatchDraw(canvas);dispatchDraw(canvas); // Overlay is part of the content and draws beneath Foreground// Overlay is part of the content and draws beneath Foreground if (mOverlay != null && !mOverlay.isEmpty()) {if (mOverlay != null && !mOverlay.isEmpty()) { mOverlay.getOverlayView().dispatchDraw(canvas);mOverlay.getOverlayView().dispatchDraw(canvas); } // Step 6, draw decorations (foreground, scrollbars)// Step 6, draw decorations (foreground, scrollbars) onDrawForeground(canvas);onDrawForeground(canvas); // we're done...// we're done... return;return; }注释写得比较清楚，一共分成6步，看到注释没有（ // skip step 2 & 5 if possible (common case)）除了2 和 5之外 我们一步一步来看：
第一步：背景绘制
主要是根据高宽和滚动位置，绘制背景区域
private void drawBackground(Canvas canvas) {private void drawBackground(Canvas canvas) { final Drawable background = mBackground;final Drawable background = mBackground; if (background == null) {if (background == null) { return;return; } setBackgroundBounds();setBackgroundBounds(); ... final int scrollX = mScrollX;final int scrollX = mScrollX; final int scrollY = mScrollY;final int scrollY = mScrollY; if ((scrollX | scrollY) == 0) {if ((scrollX | scrollY) == 0) { background.draw(canvas);background.draw(canvas); } else {else { canvas.translate(scrollX, scrollY);canvas.translate(scrollX, scrollY); background.draw(canvas);background.draw(canvas); canvas.translate(-scrollX, -scrollY);canvas.translate(-scrollX, -scrollY); } }
第二步、绘制边缘阴影 （可忽略）
第三步、绘制内容
<em>// Step 3, draw the content</em> if (!dirtyOpaque) onDraw(canvas);if (!dirtyOpaque) onDraw(canvas);具体如何绘制，颜色线条什么样式就需要子View自己去实现，View.java 的onDraw(canvas) 是空实现，ViewGroup 也没有实现，每个View的内容是各不相同的，所以需要由子类去实现具体逻辑。
第四步、绘制子View
dispatchDraw(canvas) 方法是用来绘制子View的，View.java 的dispatchDraw()方法是一个空方法,因为View没有子View,不需要实现dispatchDraw ()方法，ViewGroup就不一样了，它实现了dispatchDraw ()方法：
ViewGroup#dispatchDraw<span style="color:#ff0000">@Override</span> protected void dispatchDraw(Canvas canvas) {protected void dispatchDraw(Canvas canvas) { ... if ((flags & FLAG_USE_CHILD_DRAWING_ORDER) == 0) {if ((flags & FLAG_USE_CHILD_DRAWING_ORDER) == 0) { for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { final View child = children[i];final View child = children[i]; if ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE || child.getAnimation() != null) {if ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE || child.getAnimation() != null) { more |= drawChild(canvas, child, drawingTime);more |= drawChild(canvas, child, drawingTime); } } } else {else { for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { final View child = children[getChildDrawingOrder(count, i)];final View child = children[getChildDrawingOrder(count, i)]; if ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE || child.getAnimation() != null) {if ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE || child.getAnimation() != null) { more |= drawChild(canvas, child, drawingTime);more |= drawChild(canvas, child, drawingTime); } } } ...... }遍历子View然后drawChild(),drawChild()方法实际调用的是子View.draw()方法,ViewGroup类已经为我们实现绘制子View的默认过程，这个实现基本能满足大部分需求，所以ViewGroup类的子类（LinearLayout,FrameLayout）也基本没有去重写dispatchDraw方法，我们在实现自定义控件，除非比较特别，不然一般也不需要去重写它， drawChild()的核心过程就是为子视图分配合适的cavas剪切区，剪切区的大小正是由layout过程决定的，而剪切区的位置取决于滚动值以及子视图当前的动画。设置完剪切区后就会调用子视图的draw()函数进行具体的绘制了。
第五步、绘制边缘消失效果 可忽略
第六步、绘制滚动条， 其实就是绘制一个drawable
小结上诉的6步，整个draw的递归流程：
总结：一张图描述View的测量、布局、绘制过程。
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