lvm 逻辑卷管理
每个Linux使用者在安装Linux时都会遇到这样的困境：在为系统分区时，如何精确评估和分配各个硬盘分区的容量，因为系统管理员不但要考虑到当前某个分区需要的容量，还要预见该分区以后可能需要的容量的最大值。因为如果估 计不准确，当遇到某个分区不够用时管理员可能甚至要备份整个系统、清除硬盘、重新对硬盘分区，然后恢复数据到新分区。
逻辑卷管理器(LogicalVolumeManager)本质上是一个虚拟设备驱动，是在内核中块设备和物理设备之间添加的一个新的抽象层次，如图所示。它可以将几块磁盘(物理卷，PhysicalVolume)组合起来形成一个存储池或者卷组(VolumeGroup)。LVM可以每次从卷组中划分出不同大小的逻辑卷(LogicalVolume)创建新的逻辑设备。底层的原始的磁盘不再由内核直接控制，而由LVM层来控制。对于上层应用来说卷组替代了磁盘块成为数据存储的基本单元。LVM管理着所有物理卷的物理盘区，维持着逻辑盘区和物理盘区之间的映射。LVM逻辑设备向上层应用提供了和物理磁盘相同的功能，如文件系统的创建和数据的访问等。但LVM逻辑设备不受物理约束的限制，逻辑卷不必是连续的空间，它可以跨越许多物理卷，并且可以在任何时候任意的调整大小。相比物理磁盘来说，更易于磁盘空间的管理。
以上来自百度百科
lvm 命令来自 lvm2这个安装包，自行 yum install lvm2 来安装
一、创建逻辑卷
- 逻辑卷的创建流程
块设备---->pv物理卷---->vg卷组----->lv逻辑卷---->fs文件系统---->mount
卷组的成员可以是 分区，可以是设备，我这里拿四个分区来创建。合并成一个卷组，然后通过卷组划分逻辑卷。最终我们挂载逻辑卷即可。
gdisk /dev/sdb
Command (? for help): t
Partition number (1-4): 4
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8e00
Changed type of partition to 'Linux LVM'
# 更改分区类型
Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 20971520 sectors, 10.0 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 26F5A762-5B31-4872-A2CB-A50E07E36534
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 20971486
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 10485693 sectors (5.0 GiB)
# 当前我分了4个分区来当做物理卷成员
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 2099199 1024.0 MiB 8E00 Linux LVM
2 2099200 4196351 1024.0 MiB 8E00 Linux LVM
3 4196352 6293503 1024.0 MiB 8E00 Linux LVM
4 6293504 10487807 2.0 GiB 8E00 Linux LVM
Command (? for help):
- 把分区或设备格式化成物理卷，使用pvs或者pvdisplay都可查看当前物理卷
[root@localhost ~]#pvcreate /dev/sdb{1..4}
WARNING: ext4 signature detected on /dev/sdb1 at offset 1080. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
Wiping ext4 signature on /dev/sdb1.
WARNING: xfs signature detected on /dev/sdb2 at offset 0. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
Wiping xfs signature on /dev/sdb2.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb4" successfully created.
[root@localhost ~]#pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb1 lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g
/dev/sdb2 lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g
/dev/sdb3 lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g
/dev/sdb4 lvm2 --- 2.00g 2.00g
- 创建卷组
创建卷组并把设备加入进卷组，同样vgs或者vgdisplay可以查看情况
扩展：-s 卷组上物理卷的Pe大小，-P 卷组中允许添加物理卷的数量，-l卷组上允许创建的最大逻辑卷数
[root@localhost ~]#vgcreate xiapi /dev/sdb{1..4}
Volume group "xiapi" successfully created
[root@localhost ~]#vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
centos 1 2 0 wz--n- <49.00g 4.00m
xiapi 4 0 0 wz--n- 4.98g 4.98g
[root@localhost ~]#vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name xiapi
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 4
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 4
Act PV 4
VG Size 4.98 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 1276
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 1276 / 4.98 GiB
VG UUID NO23eo-pbbU-E2JO-T0LT-W6AE-QuDJ-SrQ9A3
[root@localhost ~]#
- 创建逻辑卷
创建逻辑卷，-L为指定逻辑卷大小，-l指定逻辑卷LE数，-n创建逻辑卷名称
[root@localhost ~]#lvcreate -L 1.5G -n xiapilv xiapi
Logical volume "xiapilv" created.
[root@localhost ~]#lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
xiapilv xiapi -wi-a----- 1.50g
[root@localhost ~]#lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/xiapi/xiapilv
LV Name xiapilv
VG Name xiapi
LV UUID npM1VO-vIxq-1gCw-BkIT-JB3n-d6mL-RQX2xx
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-10-19 16:00:07 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 1.50 GiB
Current LE 384
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:2
[root@localhost ~]#
- 格式化卷组，并挂载。详细挂载参考磁盘管理章节
[root@localhost ~]#mkfs.xfs /dev/xiapi/xiapilv
meta-data=/dev/xiapi/xiapilv isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=98304 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=393216, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost ~]#mkdir /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#mount /dev/xiapi/xiapilv /xiapi
[root@localhost xiapi]#df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 46G 6.1G 40G 14% /
devtmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.5G 9.5M 1.5G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 133M 882M 14% /boot
tmpfs 299M 0 299M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 4.3G 4.3G 0 100% /mnt
/dev/mapper/xiapi-xiapilv 1.5G 33M 1.5G 3% /xiapi
二、删除逻辑卷
1，取消挂载。2，删除
[root@localhost ~]#umount /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#lvremove /dev/xiapi/xiapilv
Do you really want to remove active logical volume xiapi/xiapilv? [y/n]: y
Logical volume "xiapilv" successfully removed
[root@localhost ~]#lvs
三、缩减逻辑卷
- xfs 文件系统不能缩减
- ext 缩减需要离线缩减也就是取消挂载
1，取消挂载 2，检查文件系统 3，缩减文件系统的大小 4，缩减逻辑卷的大小 5，挂载
[root@localhost ~]#umount /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#e2fsck -f /dev/xiapi/xiapilv
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/xiapi/xiapilv: 11/98304 files (9.1% non-contiguous), 15524/393216 blocks
# 检查文件系统
[root@localhost ~]#resize2fs /dev/xiapi/xiapilv 1G
# 缩减文件系统的大小
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/xiapi/xiapilv to 262144 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/xiapi/xiapilv is now 262144 blocks long.
[root@localhost ~]#lvreduce -L 1G /dev/xiapi/xiapilv
# 缩减逻辑卷大小
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 1.00 GiB.
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce xiapi/xiapilv? [y/n]: y
Size of logical volume xiapi/xiapilv changed from 1.50 GiB (384 extents) to 1.00 GiB (256 extents).
Logical volume xiapi/xiapilv successfully resized.
[root@localhost ~]#mount /dev/xiapi/xiapilv /xiapi/
# 挂载
[root@localhost ~]#df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 46G 6.1G 40G 14% /
devtmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.5G 9.5M 1.5G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 133M 882M 14% /boot
tmpfs 299M 0 299M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 4.3G 4.3G 0 100% /mnt
/dev/mapper/xiapi-xiapilv 976M 3.8M 905M 1% /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#
四、扩展逻辑卷
先扩展卷组大小，然后逻辑卷大小 然后刷新文件系统大小
或者直接 lvextend -r 直接不分文件系统 (方法在第三种，不麻烦，1，2步骤有些繁琐)
新加一个硬盘的话，初始化硬盘，然后添加进卷组 vgextend my_vg /dev/sdb6
- xfs_growfs 扩展xfs的文件系统
[root@localhost ~]#lvcreate -L 1G -n xiapixfs xiapi
Logical volume "xiapixfs" created.
[root@localhost ~]#mkfs.xfs /dev/xiapi/xiapixfs
meta-data=/dev/xiapi/xiapixfs isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=65536 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=262144, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost ~]#lvextend -L +500M /dev/xiapi/xiapixfs
Size of logical volume xiapi/xiapixfs changed from 1.00 GiB (256 extents) to <1.49 GiB (381 extents).
Logical volume xiapi/xiapixfs successfully resized.
[root@localhost ~]#mkdir /xiapi2
[root@localhost ~]#mount /dev/xiapi/xiapixfs /xiapi2
[root@localhost ~]#df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 46G 6.1G 40G 14% /
devtmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.5G 9.5M 1.5G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 133M 882M 14% /boot
tmpfs 299M 0 299M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 4.3G 4.3G 0 100% /mnt
/dev/mapper/xiapi-xiapilv 3.0G 4.5M 2.8G 1% /xiapi
/dev/mapper/xiapi-xiapixfs 1014M 33M 982M 4% /xiapi2
[root@localhost ~]#xfs_growfs /dev/xiapi/xiapixfs
meta-data=/dev/mapper/xiapi-xiapixfs isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=65536 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=262144, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 262144 to 390144
[root@localhost ~]#df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 46G 6.1G 40G 14% /
devtmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.5G 9.5M 1.5G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 133M 882M 14% /boot
tmpfs 299M 0 299M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 4.3G 4.3G 0 100% /mnt
/dev/mapper/xiapi-xiapilv 3.0G 4.5M 2.8G 1% /xiapi
/dev/mapper/xiapi-xiapixfs 1.5G 33M 1.5G 3% /xiapi2
[root@localhost ~]#
- resize2fs 扩展ext文件系统
[root@localhost ~]#lvextend -L +1G /dev/xiapi/xiapilv
Size of logical volume xiapi/xiapilv changed from 1.00 GiB (256 extents) to 2.00 GiB (512 extents).
Logical volume xiapi/xiapilv successfully resized.
[root@localhost ~]#lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert xiapilv xiapi -wi-ao---- 2.00g
[root@localhost ~]#df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 46G 6.1G 40G 14% /
devtmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.5G 9.5M 1.5G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 133M 882M 14% /boot
tmpfs 299M 0 299M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 4.3G 4.3G 0 100% /mnt
/dev/mapper/xiapi-xiapilv 976M 3.8M 905M 1% /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#resize2fs /dev/xiapi/xiapilv
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem at /dev/xiapi/xiapilv is mounted on /xiapi; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1
The filesystem on /dev/xiapi/xiapilv is now 524288 blocks long.
[root@localhost ~]#df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 46G 6.1G 40G 14% /
devtmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.5G 9.5M 1.5G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 133M 882M 14% /boot
tmpfs 299M 0 299M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 4.3G 4.3G 0 100% /mnt
/dev/mapper/xiapi-xiapilv 2.0G 4.5M 1.9G 1% /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#
- 直接扩充到文件系统里
[root@localhost ~]#df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 46G 6.1G 40G 14% /
devtmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.5G 9.5M 1.5G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 133M 882M 14% /boot
tmpfs 299M 0 299M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 4.3G 4.3G 0 100% /mnt
/dev/mapper/xiapi-xiapilv 2.0G 4.5M 1.9G 1% /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#lvextend -L +1G -r /dev/xiapi/xiapilv
Size of logical volume xiapi/xiapilv changed from 2.00 GiB (512 extents) to 3.00 GiB (768 extents).
Logical volume xiapi/xiapilv successfully resized.
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/xiapi-xiapilv is mounted on /xiapi; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/xiapi-xiapilv is now 786432 blocks long.
[root@localhost ~]#df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 46G 6.1G 40G 14% /
devtmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.5G 9.5M 1.5G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 133M 882M 14% /boot
tmpfs 299M 0 299M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 4.3G 4.3G 0 100% /mnt
/dev/mapper/xiapi-xiapilv 3.0G 4.5M 2.8G 1% /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#
五、移除卷组中某个硬盘
pvmove /dev/sdd 移动物理卷的PE 到别的PE上
以便把这个硬盘拆走
vgreduce vg0 /dev/sdd 从卷组中移除
pvremove 删除pv
[root@localhost ~]#lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 49G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 45.1G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 3.9G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 1G 0 part
│ └─xiapi-xiapilv 253:2 0 3G 0 lvm /xiapi
├─sdb2 8:18 0 1G 0 part
│ └─xiapi-xiapilv 253:2 0 3G 0 lvm /xiapi
├─sdb3 8:19 0 1G 0 part
└─sdb4 8:20 0 2G 0 part
└─xiapi-xiapilv 253:2 0 3G 0 lvm /xiapi
sr0 11:0 1 4.3G 0 rom /media
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]#pvmove /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: Moved: 1.96%
/dev/sdb1: Moved: 100.00%
[root@localhost ~]#lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 49G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 45.1G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 3.9G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 1G 0 part
├─sdb2 8:18 0 1G 0 part
│ └─xiapi-xiapilv 253:2 0 3G 0 lvm /xiapi
├─sdb3 8:19 0 1G 0 part
│ └─xiapi-xiapilv 253:2 0 3G 0 lvm /xiapi
└─sdb4 8:20 0 2G 0 part
└─xiapi-xiapilv 253:2 0 3G 0 lvm /xiapi
sr0 11:0 1 4.3G 0 rom /media
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]#vgreduce xiapi /dev/sdb1
Removed "/dev/sdb1" from volume group "xiapi"
[root@localhost ~]#pvremove /dev/sdb1
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully wiped.
[root@localhost ~]#pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb2 xiapi lvm2 a-- 1020.00m 1012.00m
/dev/sdb3 xiapi lvm2 a-- 1020.00m 0
/dev/sdb4 xiapi lvm2 a-- <2.00g 0
[root@localhost ~]#
六、删除卷组
当需要删除LVM的时候，先删除逻辑卷，后删除卷组，最后删除物理卷
[root@localhost ~]#umount /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
root centos -wi-ao---- <45.12g
swap centos -wi-ao---- <3.88g
xiapilv xiapi -wi-a----- 3.00g
[root@localhost ~]#lvremove /dev/xiapi/xiapilv
Do you really want to remove active logical volume xiapi/xiapilv? [y/n]: y
Logical volume "xiapilv" successfully removed
[root@localhost ~]#vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
centos 1 2 0 wz--n- <49.00g 4.00m
xiapi 3 0 0 wz--n- <3.99g <3.99g
[root@localhost ~]#vgremove xiapi
Volume group "xiapi" successfully removed
[root@localhost ~]#pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda2 centos lvm2 a-- <49.00g 4.00m
/dev/sdb2 lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g
/dev/sdb3 lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g
/dev/sdb4 lvm2 --- 2.00g 2.00g
[root@localhost ~]#pvremove /dev/sdb{2..4}
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully wiped.
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully wiped.
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb4" successfully wiped.
[root@localhost ~]#pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda2 centos lvm2 a-- <49.00g 4.00m
[root@localhost ~]#
七、逻辑卷快照功能
- 首先创建出来，（！调用历史命令）
[root@localhost ~]#!pvcrea
pvcreate /dev/sdb{1..4}
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb4" successfully created.
[root@localhost ~]#!vgcre
vgcreate xiapi /dev/sdb{1..4}
Volume group "xiapi" successfully created
[root@localhost ~]#lvcreate lvcreate -L 1G -n xiapilv xiapi
Logical volume "xiapilv" created.
[root@localhost ~]#
- 创建快照
xfs 快照，挂载的时候需要 写nouuid ，因为快照的uuid 和 卷一样
[root@localhost ~]#!mount
mount /dev/xiapi/xiapilv /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]#cd /xiapi
[root@localhost xiapi]#cp /etc/passwd f1.txt
[root@localhost xiapi]#cp /etc/issue f2.txt
[root@localhost xiapi]#touch f3.txt
[root@localhost xiapi]#ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1104 Oct 19 17:29 f1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Oct 19 17:29 f2.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 19 17:29 f3.txt
[root@localhost xiapi]#lvcreate -L 500M -s -n xiapikz /dev/xiapi/xiapilv
Logical volume "xiapikz" created.
[root@localhost xiapi]#lvdisplay /dev/xiapi/xiapilv
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/xiapi/xiapilv
LV Name xiapilv
VG Name xiapi
LV UUID xKyBmV-9Eb7-poE3-I9Ty-7CKO-G0V3-y6Go2O
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-10-19 17:24:08 +0800
LV snapshot status source of
xiapikz [active]
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 1.00 GiB
Current LE 256
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:2
[root@localhost xiapi]#mount -r -o nouuid /dev/xiapi/xiapikz /xiapi2
[root@localhost xiapi]#ll /xiapi2
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1104 Oct 19 17:29 f1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Oct 19 17:29 f2.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 19 17:29 f3.txt
[root@localhost xiapi]#
[root@localhost xiapi]#rm /xiapi/f1.txt
rm: remove regular file ‘/xiapi/f1.txt’? y
[root@localhost xiapi]#ll /xiapi2
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1104 Oct 19 17:29 f1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Oct 19 17:29 f2.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 19 17:29 f3.txt
[root@localhost xiapi]#ll /xiapi
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Oct 19 17:29 f2.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 19 17:29 f3.txt
- 恢复快照
[root@localhost ~]#umount /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#umount /xiapi2
[root@localhost ~]#lvconvert --merge /dev/xiapi/xiapikz
Merging of volume xiapi/xiapikz started.
xiapi/xiapilv: Merged: 100.00%
[root@localhost ~]#mount /dev/xiapi/xiapilv /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#ll /xiapi
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1104 Oct 19 17:29 f1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Oct 19 17:29 f2.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 19 17:29 f3.txt
[root@localhost ~]#
八、跨主机迁移卷组
源计算机上
1. 在旧系统中，umount所有卷组上的逻辑卷
2. 禁用卷组
vgchange –a n vg0
3. 导出卷组
vgexport vg0
[root@localhost ~]#mount /dev/xiapi/xiapilv /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#cd /xiapi
[root@localhost xiapi]#ll
total 0
[root@localhost xiapi]#cp /etc/passwd f1.txt
[root@localhost xiapi]#cp /etc/issue f2.txt
[root@localhost xiapi]#ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1104 Oct 20 21:23 f1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Oct 20 21:24 f2.txt
[root@localhost xiapi]#cd
[root@localhost ~]#umount /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#vgchange -a n xiapi
0 logical volume(s) in volume group "xiapi" now active
[root@localhost ~]#lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/xiapi/xiapilv
LV Name xiapilv
VG Name xiapi
LV UUID Jw3Xyc-2fxb-uUCO-Xrmy-zaXr-4mC9-lmdMI7
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-10-20 21:17:45 +0800
LV Status NOT available
LV Size 500.00 MiB
Current LE 125
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
[root@localhost ~]#vgexport xiapi
Volume group "xiapi" successfully exported
[root@localhost ~]#pvscan
PV /dev/sda2 VG centos lvm2 [<49.00 GiB / 4.00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sdb1 is in exported VG xiapi [1020.00 MiB / 520.00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sdb2 is in exported VG xiapi [1020.00 MiB / 1020.00 MiB free]
Total: 3 [<50.99 GiB] / in use: 3 [<50.99 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]
[root@localhost ~]#vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name xiapi
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 5
VG Access read/write
VG Status exported/resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 1.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 510
Alloc PE / Size 125 / 500.00 MiB
Free PE / Size 385 / 1.50 GiB
VG UUID X1QR0i-6Jr3-Rhcg-nYOb-qqF6-3mOs-PAHkVe
[root@localhost ~]#
拆下旧硬盘
在目标计算机上
4. 在新系统中安装旧硬盘，并导入卷组：vgimport vg0
5. vgchange –ay vg0 启用
6. mount所有卷组上的逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]#vgimport xiapi
Volume group "xiapi" successfully imported
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]#vgchange -ay xiapi
1 logical volume(s) in volume group "xiapi" now active
[root@localhost ~]#mkdir /xiapi
[root@localhost ~]#mount /dev/xiapi/xiapilv /xiapi/
[root@localhost ~]#cd /xiapi/
[root@localhost xiapi]#ll
total 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1104 Oct 20 21:23 f1.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 31 Oct 20 21:24 f2.txt
[root@localhost xiapi]#
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