SpringMVC

1. 什么是SpringMVC？

       SpringMVC是Spring Framework的一部分，是基于 Servlet  API 实现MVC的轻量级Web框架。

2. 使用maven快速构建MVC程序

• 1) 新建一个maven父项目，并导入必要的依赖  

<!--父项目依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

• 2) 新建一个Module：day01-SpringMVC-helloMVC，并添加web app支持。
• 3) 导入servlet和jsp的jar包依赖

<dependency>
   <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
   <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
   <version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
   <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
   <version>2.2</version>
</dependency>

• 4) 配置web.xml，初始化并注册DispatcherServlet

   <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--DispatcherServlet要绑定SpringMVC的配置文件-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--设置启动级别-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

• 5) 配置springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
      <!--配置处理器映射器-->
      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
      <!--配置处理器适配器-->
      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
      <!--配置视图解析器-->
      <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
          <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
          <property name="suffix" value="jsp"/>
      </bean>
      <bean id="/hello" class="com.unionpay.HelloController"/>
</beans>

• 8）启动测试Tomcat测试(可能会遇到404错误，此时需要在IDEA的项目发布中，添加lib依赖！重启Tomcat 即可解决！