字符流

InputStreamReader/OutputStreamWriter

构造方法

InputStreamReader(InputStream in)
InputStreamReader(InputStream in, String charsetName)
InputStreamReader(InputStream in, Charset cs)
InputStreamReader(InputStream in, CharsetDecoder dec)
------------------------------------------------------
OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out)
OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out, String charsetName)
OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out, Charset cs)
OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out, CharsetEncoder enc) 

代码示例

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("D:\\A.txt");
		//未指定编码，使用项目默认编码,如果与文件编码方式不一致，则会出现乱码
		InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(in);
		FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("D:\\A.txt");
		OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(out);
//		int temp;
//		while ((temp = isr.read()) != -1) {
//			//一次读一个字符
//			System.out.println((char)temp);
//		}
		int c;
		char[] buffer = new char[8*1024];
		while ((c = isr.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) != -1) {
			String s = new String(buffer,0,c);	
			System.out.println(s);
			osw.write(s);
//			osw.write(buffer,0,c);
			osw.flush();
		}	
		isr.close();
		osw.close();
	}

除此之外，也可以使用FileReader/FileWriter 它们拓展了构造方法，但是无法选择编码格式

字符过滤流BufferedReader/(BufferedWriter/PrintWriter)

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		File src = new File("D:\\src.txt");
		File target = new File("D:\\target.txt");
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(src)));
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(target)));
		String line;
		while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
			bw.write(line);
			bw.newLine();//需要单独写出换行
			bw.flush();
		}
		br.close();
		bw.close();
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		File src = new File("D:\\src.txt");
		File target = new File("D:\\target.txt");
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(src)));
		PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(target);
//		PrintWriter pw1 = new PrintWriter(OutputStream out, boolean autoFlush);
		String line;
		while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
			pw.println(line);
//			pw.print(line+"\n");
			pw.flush();
		}
		br.close();
		pw.close();
	}