GraalVM HelloWorld 本地镜像构建(命令行, Maven插件)

1. 引言

在云时代, java的跨平台特性, 已如同鸡肋.

大Jar包应用, 启动慢, 占用内存多, 还需要另装jvm 是java应用的通病.

这给了go等现代语言, 在 “开发效率”, “运行效率”, “应用生态”, 等各方面, 全面赶超的机会.

java语言, java生态, 需要进一步快速的革新, 才能保证不在"云时代"落伍.

GraalVM是java在 “运行效率”, “应用生态” 的革命性尝试.

1. 运行效率方面

​ 采用AOT(ahead of time)编译技术, 编译成 “本地镜像” 的方式, 解决java应用, 启动慢, 占用内存多的问题.

2. 应用生态方面

​ GraalVM打造成一个统一的虚拟机, 支持JVM-Based语言(java, scala, groovy), LLVM-based语言(C, C++), JavaScript等等.

2. GraalVM安装

1. 安装graalvm

• Linux

• macOS

• Windows

  liuxianqiang-mac:work-on liuxianqiang$ java -version
  openjdk version "1.8.0_282"
  OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_282-b07)
  OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM GraalVM CE 21.0.0 (build 25.282-b07-jvmci-21.0-b06, mixed mode)
  

2. 安装graalvm插件, native-image

​ gu install native-image

3. HelloWorld.java

package demo.graalvm;

public class HelloWorld {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("hello world graalvm");
    }
}

4. POM.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>demo-graalvm</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo-graalvm</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
      	<!-- 和本地graalvm安装的版本要一致 -->
        <graalvm.version>21.0.0</graalvm.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.graalvm.sdk</groupId>
            <artifactId>graal-sdk</artifactId>
            <version>${graalvm.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.graalvm.nativeimage</groupId>
                <artifactId>native-image-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${graalvm.version}</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>native-image</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <configuration>
                    <skip>false</skip>
                    <imageName>demo-graalvm</imageName>
                    <mainClass>demo.graalvm.HelloWorld</mainClass>
                    <buildArgs>
                        --no-fallback
                    </buildArgs>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

5. 本地镜像构建

1. 方式一: 命令行 ( native-image demo.graalvm.HelloWorld )

liuxianqiang-mac:classes liuxianqiang$ pwd
/Users/liuxianqiang/Documents/study-graalvm/demo-graalvm/target/classes
liuxianqiang-mac:classes liuxianqiang$ 
liuxianqiang-mac:classes liuxianqiang$ native-image demo.graalvm.HelloWorld
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]    classlist:     850.62 ms,  1.21 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]        (cap):   1,292.84 ms,  1.21 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]        setup:   2,962.00 ms,  1.47 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]     (clinit):     146.90 ms,  1.47 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]   (typeflow):   2,626.62 ms,  1.47 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]    (objects):   2,681.47 ms,  1.47 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]   (features):     118.94 ms,  1.47 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]     analysis:   5,679.70 ms,  1.47 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]     universe:     354.35 ms,  1.47 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]      (parse):     529.86 ms,  1.47 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]     (inline):     936.86 ms,  1.62 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]    (compile):   3,928.74 ms,  1.94 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]      compile:   5,708.03 ms,  1.94 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]        image:     405.53 ms,  1.94 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]        write:     248.77 ms,  1.94 GB
[demo.graalvm.helloworld:65433]      [total]:  16,568.45 ms,  1.94 GB
liuxianqiang-mac:classes liuxianqiang$ 
liuxianqiang-mac:classes liuxianqiang$ ll 
total 5800
drwxr-xr-x  3 liuxianqiang  staff       96 Feb 27 23:08 demo/
-rwxr-xr-x  1 liuxianqiang  staff  2967416 Feb 27 23:23 demo.graalvm.helloworld*
liuxianqiang-mac:classes liuxianqiang$ 
liuxianqiang-mac:classes liuxianqiang$ ./demo.graalvm.helloworld 
hello world graalvm

2. 方式二: maven 插件 (如上pom已配置, native-image-maven-plugin)

liuxianqiang-mac:demo-graalvm liuxianqiang$ pwd
/Users/liuxianqiang/Documents/study-graalvm/demo-graalvm
liuxianqiang-mac:demo-graalvm liuxianqiang$ mvn package
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] ---------------------< demo-graalvm:demo-graalvm >----------------------
[INFO] Building demo-graalvm 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
...
...
...
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ demo-graalvm ---
[INFO] Building jar: /Users/liuxianqiang/Documents/study-graalvm/demo-graalvm/target/demo-graalvm-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- native-image-maven-plugin:21.0.0:native-image (default) @ demo-graalvm ---
[INFO] ImageClasspath Entry: demo-graalvm:demo-graalvm:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT (file:///Users/liuxianqiang/Documents/study-graalvm/demo-graalvm/target/demo-graalvm-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar)
[INFO] Executing: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/graalvm-ce-java8-21.0.0/Contents/Home/jre/lib/svm/bin/native-image -cp /Users/liuxianqiang/Documents/study-graalvm/demo-graalvm/target/demo-graalvm-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar --no-fallback -H:Class=demo.graalvm.HelloWorld -H:Name=demo-graalvm
[demo-graalvm:66404]    classlist:     812.87 ms,  1.19 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]        (cap):     979.05 ms,  1.19 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]        setup:   2,305.00 ms,  1.69 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]     (clinit):     124.99 ms,  1.74 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]   (typeflow):   2,722.93 ms,  1.74 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]    (objects):   2,542.28 ms,  1.74 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]   (features):     140.10 ms,  1.74 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]     analysis:   5,644.08 ms,  1.74 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]     universe:     303.09 ms,  1.74 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]      (parse):     429.89 ms,  1.74 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]     (inline):     748.32 ms,  1.80 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]    (compile):   3,266.69 ms,  1.90 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]      compile:   4,719.13 ms,  1.90 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]        image:     401.99 ms,  1.90 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]        write:     265.57 ms,  1.91 GB
[demo-graalvm:66404]      [total]:  14,825.78 ms,  1.91 GB
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  16.879 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-02-27T23:29:55+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
liuxianqiang-mac:demo-graalvm liuxianqiang$ ll target/
total 9648
drwxr-xr-x  4 liuxianqiang  staff      128 Feb 27 23:23 classes/
-rwxr-xr-x  1 liuxianqiang  staff  4016008 Feb 27 23:29 demo-graalvm*
-rw-r--r--  1 liuxianqiang  staff   888299 Feb 27 23:29 demo-graalvm-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
drwxr-xr-x  3 liuxianqiang  staff       96 Feb 27 23:08 generated-sources/
drwxr-xr-x  3 liuxianqiang  staff       96 Feb 27 23:08 maven-archiver/
drwxr-xr-x  3 liuxianqiang  staff       96 Feb 27 23:08 maven-status/
liuxianqiang-mac:demo-graalvm liuxianqiang$ ./target/demo-graalvm 
hello world graalvm

6. 参考

• graalvm getting-started
• graalvm native-image
• graalvm native-image maven plugin
• 如何评价 GraalVM 这个项目？