Semaphore信号量

Semaphore是信号量，Semaphore可以控制某个资源可被同时访问的个数，通过 acquire() 获取一个许可，如果没有就等待，而 release() 释放一个许可。比如在Windows下可以设置共享文件的最大客户端访问个数

public class SemaphoreDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(5, true);//只有5个线程能同时访问，公平锁
        //10个人，5个厕所，只有5个人同时上厕所
        final Random random = new Random();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
            final int finalI = i;
            Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        semaphore.acquire();
                        //访问资源，例如拿到厕所门锁后，开始上厕所 ,业务逻辑，最好加上ReentrantLock
                        //Lock lock = new   ReentrantLock(); lock.lock();lock.unlock();
                        System.out.println(finalI + " 号人进入厕所");
                        if (finalI == 7) {
                            Thread.sleep(100000000);
                        } else {
                            Thread.sleep((long) (Math.random() * 100));
                        }
                        semaphore.release();

                        System.out.println("空的厕所个数：" + semaphore.availablePermits());
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();  //To change body of catch statement use File | Settings | File Templates.
                    }

                }
            };
            executorService.execute(runnable);
        }
        executorService.shutdown();
    }
}