1、创建一个maven的web项目,打包方式改为war包,添加依赖如下:
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.12</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId> <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId> <version>3.0.12.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> <configuration> <port>80</port> <path>/</path> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
2、在webapp/WEB-INF下创建web.xml如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <!-- 配置SpringMVC的前端控制器,对浏览器发送的请求统一进行处理 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- 通过初始化参数指定SpringMVC配置文件的位置和名称 --> <init-param> <!-- contextConfigLocation为固定值 --> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <!-- 使用classpath:表示从类路径查找配置文件,例如maven工程中的 src/main/resources --> <param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!--作为框架的核心组件,在启动过程中有大量的初始化操作要做 而这些操作放在第一次请求时才执行会严重影响访问速度 因此需要通过此标签将启动控制DispatcherServlet的初始化时间提前到服务器启动时 --> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <!--设置springMVC的核心控制器所能处理的请求的请求路径 /所匹配的请求可以是/login或.html或.js或.css方式的请求路径 但是/不能匹配.jsp请求路径的请求--> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
3、在resources下创建springMVC.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 自动扫描包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xu.controller"/> <!-- 配置Thymeleaf视图解析器 --> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver"> <property name="order" value="1"/> <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/> <property name="templateEngine"> <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine"> <property name="templateResolver"> <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver"> <!-- 视图前缀 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/> <!-- 视图后缀 --> <property name="suffix" value=".html"/> <property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/> <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8" /> </bean> </property> </bean> </property> </bean> <!--处理静态资源,例如html、js、css、jpg 若只设置该标签,则只能访问静态资源,其他请求则无法访问 此时必须设置<mvc:annotation-driven/>解决问题 --> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <!-- 开启mvc注解驱动 --> <mvc:annotation-driven> <mvc:message-converters> <!-- 处理响应中文内容乱码 --> <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="defaultCharset" value="UTF-8" /> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/html</value> <value>application/json</value> </list> </property> </bean> </mvc:message-converters> </mvc:annotation-driven> </beans>
4、在webapp/WEB-INF/templates下创建index.html:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h1>首页</h1> </body> </html>
5、创建UserController访问类:
@Controller public class UserController { @RequestMapping("/index") public String index () { return "index"; } }
6、通过项目上右键RunMaven tomcat7:run或者通过配置工具栏中的Add Configurations添加本地tomcat并配置(配置中的URL路径主机名与本地tomcat中server.xml中<Host name="localhost"主机名保持一致),通过路径访问即可