数据持久化,实际上就是将数据存放到网络或者硬盘上,这里是存储到本地的硬盘上,应用程序的本地硬盘是沙盒,沙盒实际上就是一个文件夹,它下面有4个文件夹。分别是Documents,Library,APP包和tmp文件夹,Documents里面主要是存储用户长期使用的文件,Library里面又有Caches和Preferences文件夹,Caches里面存放的是临时的文件,缓存。Preferences里面存放的是偏好设置。tmp里面也是临时的文件,不过和Caches还有区别,APP包里面是编译后的一些文件,包不能修改。
先创建一个Person类,定义3个属性
.h文件
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface Person : NSObject<NSCoding>
{
NSString *name;
int age;
NSString *phone;
}
@property(nonatomic,retain)NSString *name, *phone;
@property(nonatomic,assign)int age;
-(id)initWithName:(NSString *)aName phone:(NSString *)aPhone age:(int)aAge;//初始化方法
@end
#import "Person.h"
@implementation Person
@synthesize name,age,phone;
-(id)initWithName:(NSString *)aName phone:(NSString *)aPhone age:(int)aAge
{
[super init];
if (self) {
self.name = aName;
self.phone = aPhone;
self.age = aAge;
}
return self;
}
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder //将属性进行编码
{
[aCoder encodeObject:self.name forKey:@"name"];
[aCoder encodeObject:self.phone forKey:@"phone"];
[aCoder encodeInteger:self.age forKey:@"age"];
}
- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder //将属性进行解码
{
NSString *name1 = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"name"];
NSString *phone1 = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"phone"];
int age1 = [aDecoder decodeIntegerForKey:@"age"];
[self initWithName:name1 phone:phone1 age:age1];
return self;
}
@end
主程序中进行归档与反归档
- (void)loadView
{
self.view = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 460)];
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
Person *p1 = [[Person alloc]initWithName:@"jim" phone:@"654789" age:3];
Person *p2 = [[Person alloc]initWithName:@"tom" phone:@"5464" age:4];
//文件的归档
NSMutableData *data = [NSMutableData data ];
//创建一个归档类
NSKeyedArchiver *archiver = [[NSKeyedArchiver alloc]initForWritingWithMutableData:data];
[archiver encodeObject:p1 forKey:@"Person1"];
[archiver encodeObject:p2 forKey:@"Person2"];
[archiver finishEncoding];
[archiver release];
//将数据写入文件里
[data writeToFile:[self filePath] atomically:YES];
//反归档,从文件中取出数据
NSMutableData *data1 = [NSMutableData dataWithContentsOfFile:[self filePath]];
NSKeyedUnarchiver *unarchiver = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc]initForReadingWithData:data1];
Person *p3 = [unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:@"Person1"];
Person *p4 = [unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:@"Person2"];
NSLog(@"%@ %@ %d",p3.name,p3.phone,p3.age);
NSLog(@"%@ %@ %d",p4.name,p4.phone,p4.age);
}
-(NSString *)filePath
{
NSString *docPath = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDirectory, YES)objectAtIndex:0];
NSString *path = [docPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"texts"];
// NSString *path = [NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Library/Caches/texts"]; //两种方法都可以
return path;
}