关于java多线程

多线程

• 1、当程序单个线程无法解决时，或者效率，或者其他原因时，需要使用多线程。
• 2、多线程的一些使用方法
  • wait() 方法一般与while，synchronized连用。当程序满足一定条件时，就会进入等待队列，等待的过程释放锁，而后再去竞争。
  • 使用到wait()方法后一般会使用notify进行唤醒。
• 代码展示：
  • 1、建立线程池

public class ThreadPool {
  private LinkedList<Integer> pool = new LinkedList<>();
  private int MAX = 1;

  public synchronized int add(Integer i) {

      while (pool.size() >= MAX) {
          try {
              wait(1000);
          } catch (InterruptedException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }

      }
      pool.add(i);
      notify();
      return i;
  }

  public synchronized int remove()  {
      while(pool.isEmpty()) {
          try {
              wait(1000);
          } catch (InterruptedException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
     int n = pool.removeFirst();
      notify();
      return n;
  }
}

• 定义生产者

package com.thread;

public class Producer extends Thread {
    private static int index = 0;
    private String name;
    private ThreadPool pool;

    public Producer(String name, ThreadPool pool) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.pool = pool;

    }

    @Override
    public void run() {

        while (true) {
            int num = pool.add(index++);
            System.out.println(this.name + " add: " + num);
        }
    }
}

• 定义消费者

package com.thread;

public class Consumer extends Thread{
    private static int index = 0;
    private String name;
    private ThreadPool pool;

    public Consumer(String name, ThreadPool pool) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.pool = pool;

    }

    @Override
    public void run() {

        while (true) {
            try {
                int num = pool.remove();
                System.out.println(name + " remove: " + num);
                Thread.sleep(50);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
    }
}

• 启动类

package com.thread;

public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ThreadPool pool = new ThreadPool();
        Producer p1 = new Producer("p1", pool);
        Producer p2 = new Producer("p2", pool);


        Consumer c1 = new Consumer("c1", pool);
        Consumer c2 = new Consumer("c2", pool);

        p1.start();
        p2.start();

        c1.start();
        c2.start();



    }
}

总结

首先要注意当线程容量为1时，如果单纯地使用wait()方法，可能会出现死锁，笔者在这里写了相应的等待时间，当出现死锁的情况1s后就不等待了。当然也可以使用notifyAll(）