Centos7 GCC版本升级

1、Centos7官方源的gcc最新版本是4.8.5，升级版本以安装源方式

2、源安装

	# 系统查看
	[root@localhost software]# hostnamectl
	   Static hostname: localhost.localdomain
	         Icon name: computer-vm
	           Chassis: vm
	        Machine ID: beef83b85f57437282ac778c4db38025
	           Boot ID: 084ecb17504d4e2abae4b265a2c55b8d
	    Virtualization: vmware
	  Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
	       CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7
	            Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64
	      Architecture: x86-64
	# 系统
	[root@localhost software]# cat /etc/redhat-release
	CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)
	# 安装
	[root@localhost software]# yum repolist
	Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
	Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
	 * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
	 * centos-sclo-rh: mirrors.qlu.edu.cn
	 * centos-sclo-sclo: mirrors.qlu.edu.cn
	 * epel: mirror-hnd.misakamikoto.network
	 * extras: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
	 * updates: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
	repo id                                                                                                        repo name                                                                                                                  status
	!base/7/x86_64                                                                                                 CentOS-7 - Base                                                                                                            10,072
	centos-sclo-rh/x86_64                                                                                          CentOS-7 - SCLo rh                                                                                                          8,170
	centos-sclo-sclo/x86_64                                                                                        CentOS-7 - SCLo sclo                                                                                                          816
	!epel/x86_64                                                                                                   Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64                                                                             13,785
	!extras/7/x86_64                                                                                               CentOS-7 - Extras                                                                                                             515
	!mysql-connectors-community/x86_64                                                                             MySQL Connectors Community                                                                                                    220
	!mysql-tools-community/x86_64                                                                                  MySQL Tools Community                                                                                                          98
	!mysql57-community/x86_64                                                                                      MySQL 5.7 Community Server                                                                                                    660
	!nginx/x86_64                                                                                                  nginx repo                                                                                                                    316
	!updates/7/x86_64                                                                                              CentOS-7 - Updates                                                                                                          4,926
	repolist: 39,578
	# gcc版本
	[root@localhost software]# yum list |grep devtoolset |grep gcc.x86_64
	devtoolset-10-gcc.x86_64                   10.2.1-11.2.el7        @centos-sclo-rh
	devtoolset-11-gcc.x86_64                   11.2.1-9.1.el7         @centos-sclo-rh
	devtoolset-7-gcc.x86_64                    7.3.1-5.16.el7         @centos-sclo-rh
	devtoolset-8-gcc.x86_64                    8.3.1-3.2.el7          @centos-sclo-rh
	devtoolset-11-annobin-plugin-gcc.x86_64    10.38-1.el7            centos-sclo-rh
	devtoolset-9-gcc.x86_64                    9.3.1-2.2.el7          centos-sclo-rh
	# gcc版本
	[root@localhost software]# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="centos-sclo-rh" list available  |grep gcc.x86_64
	devtoolset-11-annobin-plugin-gcc.x86_64         10.38-1.el7       centos-sclo-rh
	devtoolset-9-gcc.x86_64                         9.3.1-2.2.el7     centos-sclo-rh

3、gcc多个软件版本可以同时安装，相互之间不会覆盖和冲突，也不会覆盖系统的版本。
即系统可以同时存在gcc10, gcc11等多个版本。
安装10版本：

[root@localhost software]# yum  -y install  devtoolset-10-gcc devtoolset-10-gcc-c++
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/x86_64/metalink                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 7.4 kB  00:00:00     
 * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
 * centos-sclo-rh: mirrors.qlu.edu.cn
 * centos-sclo-sclo: mirrors.qlu.edu.cn
 * epel: mirror-icn.misakamikoto.network
 * extras: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
 * updates: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
base                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
mysql-connectors-community                                                                                                                                                                                               | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
mysql-tools-community                                                                                                                                                                                                    | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
mysql57-community                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
nginx                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
Package devtoolset-10-gcc-10.2.1-11.2.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package devtoolset-10-gcc-c++-10.2.1-11.2.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do

4、查看安装路径

# 查询安装
[root@localhost software]# rpm -qa |grep devtoolset
devtoolset-11-binutils-2.36.1-1.el7.2.x86_64
devtoolset-8-runtime-8.1-1.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-11-gcc-c++-11.2.1-9.1.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-10-gcc-10.2.1-11.2.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-7-libstdc++-devel-7.3.1-5.16.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-10-gcc-c++-10.2.1-11.2.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-8-gcc-c++-8.3.1-3.2.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-11-runtime-11.1-2.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-10-binutils-2.35-5.el7.4.x86_64
devtoolset-7-gcc-c++-7.3.1-5.16.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-8-libstdc++-devel-8.3.1-3.2.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-8-gcc-8.3.1-3.2.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-10-libstdc++-devel-10.2.1-11.2.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-7-runtime-7.1-4.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-8-binutils-2.30-55.el7.2.x86_64
devtoolset-11-libstdc++-devel-11.2.1-9.1.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-10-runtime-10.1-0.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-7-gcc-7.3.1-5.16.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-7-binutils-2.28-11.el7.x86_64
devtoolset-11-gcc-11.2.1-9.1.el7.x86_64
# 安装版本绝对路径 
[root@localhost software]# rpm -ql devtoolset-10-gcc-10.2.1-11.2.el7.x86_64
/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/bin/cc
/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/bin/cpp
/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/bin/gcc
/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/bin/gcc-ar
/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/bin/gcc-nm
/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/bin/gcc-ranlib
/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/bin/gcov
/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/bin/gcov-dump
/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/bin/gcov-tool
/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/bin/i686-redhat-linux-gcc-10

4、在当前界面起作用，新开界面版本恢复最初版本

[root@localhost software]# source /opt/rh/devtoolset-10/enable
# 查看版本
[root@localhost software]# gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/10/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --enable-bootstrap --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,lto --prefix=/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr --mandir=/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/share/man --infodir=/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --enable-multilib --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=gcc4-compatible --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-10.2.1-20210130/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install --disable-libmpx --enable-gnu-indirect-function --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib
gcc version 10.2.1 20210130 (Red Hat 10.2.1-11) (GCC) 
[root@localhost software]# 

4、永久使用此版本配置，添加到环境变量

vim /etc/profile

# 最后一行添加
export GCC_HOME=/opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr
export PATH=${GCC_HOME}/bin:$PATH
# 退出保存
# 生效
source /etc/profile