greendao配置好后,每次新增字段或者修改字段就会报错,提示字段不存在。以前总是删除app或者删除数据库重新初始化,但是这样就会导致原数据丢失。
要做到新增修改字段后,原数据不丢失需要使用greendao数据库的升级功能,其原理就是设置数据库版本号,根据数据库版本号判断数据库是否升级,当数据库升级的时候将老版本数据库的数据全部导入到新版本的数据库。
实现greendao数据库升级原数据不丢失,需要4个步骤:
1.自定义DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper类,这里我们自定义类继承DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper,重写onUpgrade方法:
public class UpgradeDevOpenHelper extends DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper {
public UpgradeDevOpenHelper(Context context, String name) {
super(context, name);
}
public UpgradeDevOpenHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory) {
super(context, name, factory);
}
/**
* 数据库升级
*/
@Override
public void onUpgrade(Database db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
//需要进行数据迁移更新的实体类
DBMigrationHelper.migrate(db, EntityDao1.class);
DBMigrationHelper.migrate(db, EntityDao2.class);
DBMigrationHelper.migrate(db, EntityDao3.class);
}
}
2.DBMigrationHelper类就是真正实现将老数据库版本数据迁移到新数据库版本的帮助类:(DBMigrationHelper是某个大神写的,这里我也是复制粘贴来的)
public class DBMigrationHelper {
public static boolean DEBUG = true;
private static String TAG = "123";
private static final String SQLITE_MASTER = "sqlite_master";
private static final String SQLITE_TEMP_MASTER = "sqlite_temp_master";
private static WeakReference<ReCreateAllTableListener> weakListener;
public interface ReCreateAllTableListener {
void onCreateAllTables(Database db, boolean ifNotExists);
void onDropAllTables(Database db, boolean ifExists);
}
public static void migrate(SQLiteDatabase db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
printLog("【The Old Database Version】" + db.getVersion());
Database database = new StandardDatabase(db);
migrate(database, daoClasses);
}
public static void migrate(SQLiteDatabase db, ReCreateAllTableListener listener, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
weakListener = new WeakReference<>(listener);
migrate(db, daoClasses);
}
public static void migrate(Database database, ReCreateAllTableListener listener, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
weakListener = new WeakReference<>(listener);
migrate(database, daoClasses);
}
public static void migrate(Database database, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
printLog("【Generate temp table】start");
generateTempTables(database, daoClasses);
printLog("【Generate temp table】complete");
ReCreateAllTableListener listener = null;
if (weakListener != null) {
listener = weakListener.get();
}
if (listener != null) {
listener.onDropAllTables(database, true);
printLog("【Drop all table by listener】");
listener.onCreateAllTables(database, false);
printLog("【Create all table by listener】");
} else {
dropAllTables(database, true, daoClasses);
createAllTables(database, false, daoClasses);
}
printLog("【Restore data】start");
restoreData(database, daoClasses);
printLog("【Restore data】complete");
}
private static void generateTempTables(Database db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
for (int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
String tempTableName = null;
DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);
String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
if (!isTableExists(db, false, tableName)) {
printLog("【New Table】" + tableName);
continue;
}
try {
tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");
StringBuilder dropTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
dropTableStringBuilder.append("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS ").append(tempTableName).append(";");
db.execSQL(dropTableStringBuilder.toString());
StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
insertTableStringBuilder.append("CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE ").append(tempTableName);
insertTableStringBuilder.append(" AS SELECT * FROM ").append(tableName).append(";");
db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
printLog("【Table】" + tableName + "\n ---Columns-->" + getColumnsStr(daoConfig));
printLog("【Generate temp table】" + tempTableName);
} catch (SQLException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "【Failed to generate temp table】" + tempTableName, e);
}
}
}
private static boolean isTableExists(Database db, boolean isTemp, String tableName) {
if (db == null || TextUtils.isEmpty(tableName)) {
return false;
}
String dbName = isTemp ? SQLITE_TEMP_MASTER : SQLITE_MASTER;
String sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM " + dbName + " WHERE type = ? AND name = ?";
Cursor cursor = null;
int count = 0;
try {
cursor = db.rawQuery(sql, new String[]{"table", tableName});
if (cursor == null || !cursor.moveToFirst()) {
return false;
}
count = cursor.getInt(0);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
}
return count > 0;
}
private static String getColumnsStr(DaoConfig daoConfig) {
if (daoConfig == null) {
return "no columns";
}
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < daoConfig.allColumns.length; i++) {
builder.append(daoConfig.allColumns[i]);
builder.append(",");
}
if (builder.length() > 0) {
builder.deleteCharAt(builder.length() - 1);
}
return builder.toString();
}
private static void dropAllTables(Database db, boolean ifExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
reflectMethod(db, "dropTable", ifExists, daoClasses);
printLog("【Drop all table by reflect】");
}
private static void createAllTables(Database db, boolean ifNotExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
reflectMethod(db, "createTable", ifNotExists, daoClasses);
printLog("【Create all table by reflect】");
}
/**
* dao class already define the sql exec method, so just invoke it
*/
private static void reflectMethod(Database db, String methodName, boolean isExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
if (daoClasses.length < 1) {
return;
}
try {
for (Class cls : daoClasses) {
Method method = cls.getDeclaredMethod(methodName, Database.class, boolean.class);
method.invoke(null, db, isExists);
}
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static void restoreData(Database db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
for (int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);
String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
String tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");
if (!isTableExists(db, true, tempTableName)) {
continue;
}
try {
// get all columns from tempTable, take careful to use the columns list
List<TableInfo> newTableInfos = TableInfo.getTableInfo(db, tableName);
List<TableInfo> tempTableInfos = TableInfo.getTableInfo(db, tempTableName);
ArrayList<String> selectColumns = new ArrayList<>(newTableInfos.size());
ArrayList<String> intoColumns = new ArrayList<>(newTableInfos.size());
for (TableInfo tableInfo : tempTableInfos) {
if (newTableInfos.contains(tableInfo)) {
String column = '`' + tableInfo.name + '`';
intoColumns.add(column);
selectColumns.add(column);
}
}
// NOT NULL columns list
for (TableInfo tableInfo : newTableInfos) {
if (tableInfo.notnull && !tempTableInfos.contains(tableInfo)) {
String column = '`' + tableInfo.name + '`';
intoColumns.add(column);
String value;
if (tableInfo.dfltValue != null) {
value = "'" + tableInfo.dfltValue + "' AS ";
} else {
value = "'' AS ";
}
selectColumns.add(value + column);
}
}
if (intoColumns.size() != 0) {
StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
insertTableStringBuilder.append("REPLACE INTO ").append(tableName).append(" (");
insertTableStringBuilder.append(TextUtils.join(",", intoColumns));
insertTableStringBuilder.append(") SELECT ");
insertTableStringBuilder.append(TextUtils.join(",", selectColumns));
insertTableStringBuilder.append(" FROM ").append(tempTableName).append(";");
db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
printLog("【Restore data】 to " + tableName);
}
StringBuilder dropTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
dropTableStringBuilder.append("DROP TABLE ").append(tempTableName);
db.execSQL(dropTableStringBuilder.toString());
printLog("【Drop temp table】" + tempTableName);
} catch (SQLException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "【Failed to restore data from temp table 】" + tempTableName, e);
}
}
}
private static List<String> getColumns(Database db, String tableName) {
List<String> columns = null;
Cursor cursor = null;
try {
cursor = db.rawQuery("SELECT * FROM " + tableName + " limit 0", null);
if (null != cursor && cursor.getColumnCount() > 0) {
columns = Arrays.asList(cursor.getColumnNames());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
if (null == columns)
columns = new ArrayList<>();
}
return columns;
}
private static void printLog(String info) {
if (DEBUG) {
Log.d(TAG, info);
}
}
private static class TableInfo {
int cid;
String name;
String type;
boolean notnull;
String dfltValue;
boolean pk;
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
return this == o
|| o != null
&& getClass() == o.getClass()
&& name.equals(((TableInfo) o).name);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "TableInfo{" +
"cid=" + cid +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
", notnull=" + notnull +
", dfltValue='" + dfltValue + '\'' +
", pk=" + pk +
'}';
}
private static List<TableInfo> getTableInfo(Database db, String tableName) {
String sql = "PRAGMA table_info(" + tableName + ")";
printLog(sql);
Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery(sql, null);
if (cursor == null)
return new ArrayList<>();
TableInfo tableInfo;
List<TableInfo> tableInfos = new ArrayList<>();
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
tableInfo = new TableInfo();
tableInfo.cid = cursor.getInt(0);
tableInfo.name = cursor.getString(1);
tableInfo.type = cursor.getString(2);
tableInfo.notnull = cursor.getInt(3) == 1;
tableInfo.dfltValue = cursor.getString(4);
tableInfo.pk = cursor.getInt(5) == 1;
tableInfos.add(tableInfo);
// printLog(tableName + ":" + tableInfo);
}
cursor.close();
return tableInfos;
}
}
}
3.初始化数据库的时候,使用UpgradeDevOpenHelper类初始化
//1.创建数据库
UpgradeDevOpenHelper devOpenHelper = new UpgradeDevOpenHelper(getApplicationContext(), "dbName");
//2.获取读写对象
DaoMaster daoMaster = new DaoMaster(devOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase());
//3.获取管理器类
DaoSession daoSession = daoMaster.newSession();
4.修改数据库的版本号:以后每次增加修改字段升级数据库的时候都需要在这里设置版本号,必须大于旧版本号
//greendao数据库配置
greendao {
schemaVersion 2 //数据库版本号(更新数据库时需要设置版本号)
daoPackage '' //设置DaoMaster,DaoSession,Dao包名
targetGenDir '' //设置DaoMaster,DaoSession,Dao目录
}