1151 LCA in a Binary Tree (30 分)
The lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two nodes U and V in a tree is the deepest node that has both U and V as descendants.
Given any two nodes in a binary tree, you are supposed to find their LCA.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives two positive integers: M (≤ 1,000), the number of pairs of nodes to be tested; and N (≤ 10,000), the number of keys in the binary tree, respectively. In each of the following two lines, N distinct integers are given as the inorder and preorder traversal sequences of the binary tree, respectively. It is guaranteed that the binary tree can be uniquely determined by the input sequences. Then M lines follow, each contains a pair of integer keys U and V. All the keys are in the range of int.
Output Specification:
For each given pair of U and V, print in a line LCA of U and V is A.
if the LCA is found and A
is the key. But if A
is one of U and V, print X is an ancestor of Y.
where X
is A
and Y
is the other node. If U or V is not found in the binary tree, print in a line ERROR: U is not found.
or ERROR: V is not found.
or ERROR: U and V are not found.
.
Sample Input:
6 8
7 2 3 4 6 5 1 8
5 3 7 2 6 4 8 1
2 6
8 1
7 9
12 -3
0 8
99 99
Sample Output:
LCA of 2 and 6 is 3.
8 is an ancestor of 1.
ERROR: 9 is not found.
ERROR: 12 and -3 are not found.
ERROR: 0 is not found.
ERROR: 99 and 99 are not found.
大致翻译:
这是一道二叉树的题。
第一行输入M,N。其中,M表示要测试的节点,N表示二叉树中keys的个数。在接下来的两行里,分别给出这个二叉树的中序遍历和前序遍历的序列。然后接下来是M行,每行是一对整数keys U和V。 输出则是对LCA的判断。
本题考察二叉搜索树,首先我们要从它的中序遍历和前序遍历中恢复出这个二叉树,题目已经保证了恢复的结果是唯一的。
LCA