实验hbase的test中的TestTableMapReduce类--修改成简单易懂点的

不积跬步，无以至千里！

这几天狂看mapreduce对hbase进行操作的例子，消化吸收，熟能生巧，掌握mapreduce和hbase交互的各个细节，以及整体流程等，整体流程等年前写一篇总结下，这几天先狂看吧

看，复制，修改，运行，遇到各种问题，解决，慢慢的就熟了。

这个类是干啥的呢，其实就是对hbase的某表进行简单操作，不过用的是mapreduce，即效率高，当然，看这个，主要吸收其用mapreduce操作hbase的思路及如何编程。

这个类功能是：将表中所有行 列族f1的某列q1的值倒序后放在另一列族f2的列q2，所谓倒序即 abc变成cba，456变成654，其中q1和q2是可以相同的，因为不同列族嘛。

上代码了：

package mapreduce.hbase;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.NavigableMap;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HConstants;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.ImmutableBytesWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce.IdentityTableReducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce.TableMapReduceUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce.TableMapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;

/**
 * 将先有表 的某列族的某列值倒序作为另一列族中一列的值 如 row row001 contents:data 1234 
 * 执行之后，对本条row新加一列 ，值为		   			row row001 text:data 4321
 * 
 * @author Wallace
 */
public class TestMRHBase {

	private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(TestMRHBase.class);
	static final String MULTI_REGION_TABLE_NAME = "mr_test"; // 表名
	static final byte[] INPUT_FAMILY = Bytes.toBytes("contents");// 原列族名
	static final byte[] OUTPUT_FAMILY = Bytes.toBytes("text");// 写入的列族名
	static final byte[] QUALIFIER_NAME = Bytes.toBytes("data");// 列名

	/**
	 * Pass the given key and processed record reduce MUST STATIC!!!
	 * 
	 * @author Wallace
	 * 
	 */
	public static class TestMap extends
			TableMapper<ImmutableBytesWritable, Writable> {
		/**
		 * Pass the K, and reversed value to reduce
		 * 
		 * @param key
		 * @param value
		 * @param context
		 * @exception IOException
		 */
		protected void map(ImmutableBytesWritable key, Result value,
				Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
			if (value.size() != 1) {
				throw new IOException("There should only be one column! ");
			}
			Map<byte[], NavigableMap<byte[], NavigableMap<Long, byte[]>>> cf = value
					.getMap();
			if (!cf.containsKey(INPUT_FAMILY)) {
				throw new IOException("Wrong input columns. Missing: '"
						+ Bytes.toString(INPUT_FAMILY) + "'.");
			}
			// Get the original value and reverse it
			String originalValue = new String(value.getValue(INPUT_FAMILY,
					QUALIFIER_NAME), HConstants.UTF8_ENCODING);
			StringBuilder newValue = new StringBuilder(originalValue);
			newValue.reverse();
			// Now set the value to be collected
			Put outval = new Put(key.get());
			outval.add(OUTPUT_FAMILY, QUALIFIER_NAME, Bytes.toBytes(newValue
					.toString()));
			context.write(key, outval);
		}

	}

	/**
	 * Test a map/reduce against a multi-region table
	 * 
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws ClassNotFoundException
	 * @throws InterruptedException
	 */
	public void testMultiRegionTable() throws IOException,
			InterruptedException, ClassNotFoundException {
		Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
		conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "node2,node4,node3");
		runTestOnTable(new HTable(new Configuration(conf),
				MULTI_REGION_TABLE_NAME));
	}

	private void runTestOnTable(HTable table) throws IOException,
			InterruptedException, ClassNotFoundException {

		Job job = null;
		try {
			LOG.info("Before map/reduce startup");
			job = new Job(table.getConfiguration(), "process column contents");
			job.setNumReduceTasks(1);
			job.setJarByClass(TestMRHBase.class);
			Scan scan = new Scan();
			scan.addFamily(INPUT_FAMILY);
			TableMapReduceUtil.initTableMapperJob(Bytes.toString(table
					.getTableName()), scan, TestMap.class,
					ImmutableBytesWritable.class, Put.class, job);
			TableMapReduceUtil.initTableReducerJob(Bytes.toString(table
					.getTableName()), IdentityTableReducer.class, job);
			FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path("test"));
			LOG.info("Started " + Bytes.toString(table.getTableName()));
			job.waitForCompletion(true);
			LOG.info("After map/reduce completion");

			// verify map-reduce results
			// verify(Bytes.toString(table.getTableName()));
		} finally {
			// mrCluster.shutdown();
			if (job != null) {
				FileUtil.fullyDelete(new File(job.getConfiguration().get(
						"hadoop.tmp.dir")));
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * @param args
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		TestMRHBase testMRHBase = new TestMRHBase();
		testMRHBase.testMultiRegionTable();

	}
}

过程中遇到一些异常，唉…… 一定要长记性啊，否则，大好青春不能总被同样的错误耗费掉啊

1.classnotfoundexception:又是这个，这次的错误是因为没job.setJarByClass

2.java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: mapreduce.hbase.TestMRHBase$TestMap.<init>()

这是为什么呢？

因为类中类TestMap没有设置成static类型，结果map任务时找不到此map的init，只要类中map类设成static即可

其他的一个小问题就不说了。

在拿来别人的东西时，如果想修改下，一定要读透了

取其精华，去其糟粕