Cassandra 单机部署

下载cassandra
cd /opt
wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/cassandra/3.11.13/apache-cassandra-3.11.13-bin.tar.gz

tar xvf apache-cassandra-3.11.13-bin.tar.gz
mv apache-cassandra-3.11.13-bin cassandra
mkdir /opt/cassandra/{data,commitlog,saved_caches,hints}

创建cassandra用户及将文件属主改为cassandra
useradd cassandra
chown -R cassandra.cassandra cassandra
切换到cassandra用户
su - casssandra 

配置JAVA_HOME, PATH，确保可正常访问到jdk（jdk版本不宜太高，否则可能会创建jvm失败，建议jdk8）
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java_jre
PATH=/usr/java_jre/bin:$PATH
export PATH JAVA_HOME

修改cassandra配置文件
vi /opt/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
cluster_name: 'Test Cluster’

hints_directory: /opt/cassandra/hints
data_file_directories:
     - /opt/cassandra/data
 
commitlog_directory: /opt/cassandra/commitlog
saved_caches_directory: /opt/cassandra/saved_caches
seeds: "127.0.0.1”   //集群种子节点ip,新加入集群的节点从种子节点中同步数据。为内网地址，不要将整个集群的节点都设置成种子节点。选出两个最稳定的节点就行
listen_address: localhost // 需要监听的IP或主机名。改成本机IP
# broadcast_address: 1.2.3.4

start_rpc: true
rpc_address: 0.0.0.0
broadcast_rpc_address: 1.2.3.4

可直接使用./bin/cassandra 来启动服务

也可使用systemd管理Cassandra
cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/cassandra.service

[Unit]
Description=Cassandra Server Service
After=network.service

[Service]
Type=simple
Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/java_jre

PIDFile=/var/run/cassandra.pid
#新建一个用户和用户组，Cassandra无法使用root账号启动
User=cassandra
Group=cassandra
#此处为Cassandra包解压后的路径
ExecStart=/opt/cassandra/bin/cassandra -f -p /var/run/cassandra.pid
StandardOutput=journal
StandardError=journal
LimitNOFILE=100000
LimitMEMLOCK=infinity
LimitNPROC=32768
LimitAS=infinity

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable cassandra
systemctl start cassandra

cassandra使用:

连接远程数据库：
./cqlsh -u cassandra -p cassandra 192.168.1.99 9042
连接本地数据库：
./cqlsh -u cassandra -p cassandra

# 新建superuser，禁用默认cassandra用户
cassandra@cqlsh:system_schema> use system_auth;
cassandra@cqlsh:system_auth> create user cosmo with password '123456' superuser;
cassandra@cqlsh:system_auth> select * from roles;

# 使用新用户登录
./cqlsh -u cosmo -p 123456 192.168.1.99 9042

cosmo@cqlsh> use system_auth;
cosmo@cqlsh:system_auth> describe tables;

resource_role_permissons_index  role_permissions  role_members  roles

cosmo@cqlsh:system_auth> select * from roles;

 role      | can_login | is_superuser | member_of | salted_hash
-----------+-----------+--------------+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------
 cassandra |      True |         True |      null | $2a$10$wU8LD5NcJw5birYdmes0pu09sIVuZrud.j6zbW5E/Mr42tWXbPiOq
     cosmo |      True |         True |      null | $2a$10$so7GQX3NrodGfaNMUc9BueeG6sgGrdHMn74YbGMf5O3xdDWNeJ2JS

(2 rows)
cosmo@cqlsh:system_auth> alter role cassandra with superuser=false and login=false;
cosmo@cqlsh:system_auth> select * from roles;

 role      | can_login | is_superuser | member_of | salted_hash
-----------+-----------+--------------+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------
 cassandra |     False |        False |      null | $2a$10$wU8LD5NcJw5birYdmes0pu09sIVuZrud.j6zbW5E/Mr42tWXbPiOq
     cosmo |      True |         True |      null | $2a$10$so7GQX3NrodGfaNMUc9BueeG6sgGrdHMn74YbGMf5O3xdDWNeJ2JS

(2 rows)
cosmo@cqlsh:system_auth>

cosmo@cqlsh:system_auth> create keyspace if not exists mycas with replication = {'class': 'SimpleStrategy','replication_factor':1};
cosmo@cqlsh:system_auth> describe keyspaces;

mycas  system_schema  system_auth  system  system_distributed  system_traces

cosmo@cqlsh:system_auth> use mycas;
cosmo@cqlsh:mycas> create table xx(id int, name varchar,primary key(id));
cosmo@cqlsh:mycas> describe tables;

xx

cosmo@cqlsh:mycas>
cosmo@cqlsh:mycas> drop table xx;
cosmo@cqlsh:mycas> create table students(id int, name varchar,primary key(id));
cosmo@cqlsh:mycas> insert into students(id,name) values(1,'linuxdba');
cosmo@cqlsh:mycas> select * from students;

 id | name
----+----------
  1 | linuxdba

(1 rows)
cosmo@cqlsh:mycas> describe students;

参考：
https://www.freesion.com/article/9285663467/
https://www.it610.com/article/1306191718198054912.htm
https://www.bianchengquan.com/article/365488.html