基本原则:
在展开当前宏函数时,如果形参有#或##则不进行宏参数的展开,否则先展开宏参数,再展开当前宏。
#是在定义两边加上双引号
#define _TOSTR(s) #s
printf(_TOSTR(test ABC))
printf(_TOSTR("test ABC"));
printf(_TOSTR(_TOSTR(test ABC)));
==================
预编译结果:
printf("test ABC")
printf("\"test ABC\"");
printf("_TOSTR(test ABC)");
##是原样代入
#define HI_BOY HiBoy!
#define __ORIGINAL(s) s
#define _TOSTR(s) #s
#define STR_CONCAT(x, y) x##y
printf(HI_BOY);
printf(__ORIGINAL(HI_BOY));
printf(_TOSTR(HI_BOY));
printf(_TOSTR(__ORIGINAL(HI_BOY)));
printf(STR_CONCAT(HI_BOY, HI_BOY ));
printf(STR_CONCAT(_TOSTR(HI_BOY), _TOSTR(HI_BOY) ));
===========================================================
预处理后的结果:
printf(HiBoy!);
printf(HiBoy!);
printf("HI_BOY");
printf("__ORIGINAL(HI_BOY)");
printf(HI_BOYHI_BOY);
printf("HI_BOY" "HI_BOY");
连续的两个双引号会被忽略掉
以下写法结果一样:
printf("this is a test sentence. are you ok?\n");
printf("this is a test ""sentence."" are you ok?\n");
printf("this is a test sentence." " are you ok?\n");
printf("this is a" " test ""sentence. are"" you ok?\n");
==============
this is a test sentence. are you ok?
this is a test sentence. are you ok?
this is a test sentence. are you ok?
this is a test sentence. are you ok?
嵌套
#define QUOTATION "
#define HI_BOY HiBoy!
#define __ORIGINAL(s) s
#define _TOSTR(s) #s
#define STR_CONCAT(x, y) x##y
printf(HI_BOY);
printf(__ORIGINAL(HI_BOY));
printf(_TOSTR(HI_BOY));
printf(_TOSTR(__ORIGINAL(HI_BOY)));
printf(STR_CONCAT(HI_BOY, HI_BOY ));
printf(STR_CONCAT( _TOSTR(HI_BOY), _TOSTR(HI_BOY) ));
printf( STR_CONCAT( __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY), __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY) ));
printf( _TOSTR(STR_CONCAT( __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY), __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY) )));
printf(_TOSTR(__ORIGINAL(STR_CONCAT( __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY), __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY) ))));
printf( ""(STR_CONCAT( __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY), __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY) ))"");
printf(_TOSTR(__ORIGINAL(STR_CONCAT( __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY), __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY) ))));
printf( QUOTATION(STR_CONCAT( __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY), __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY) ))QUOTATION);
printf( QUOTATION STR_CONCAT( __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY), __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY) )QUOTATION);
==================================================
预编译结果:
printf(HiBoy!);
printf(HiBoy!);
printf("HI_BOY");
printf("__ORIGINAL(HI_BOY)");
printf(HI_BOYHI_BOY);
printf("HI_BOY" "HI_BOY");
printf( HiBoy!HiBoy!);
printf( "STR_CONCAT( __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY), __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY) )");
printf("__ORIGINAL(STR_CONCAT( __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY), __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY) ))");
printf( ""(HiBoy!HiBoy!)"");
printf("__ORIGINAL(STR_CONCAT( __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY), __ORIGINAL(HI_BOY) ))");
printf( "(HiBoy!HiBoy!)");
printf( " HiBoy!HiBoy! ");