1,
建立 domain 类
这里用的工具类只是简单的处理了,如果需要查看更加详细的dom4j的工具类方法,读者可以参考 Do4j,希望朋友多提宝贵意见。
Student.java
public class Student {
public Student() {
super();
}
public Student(String number, String name, String age, String sex) {
super();
this.number = number;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.sex = sex;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [number=" + number + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age
+ ", sex=" + sex + "]";
}
public String getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void setNumber(String number) {
this.number = number;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
private String number;
private String name;
private String age;
private String sex;
}
2,
因为要将数据存储保存到XML文件中,而解析XML文件,或者将内存中的数据写入XML 文件都需要一些固定的解析格式,这时需要一个工具类,这就是简单的DomUtils.java
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Result;
import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
public class DomUtils {
/**
* JAXP保存Document
* @param doc
* @param xmlName
*/
public static void saveDocument(Document doc, String xmlName){
TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
try {
Transformer transform = factory.newTransformer();
//设置保存格式
/**
* public abstract void setOutputProperty(String name,
String value)
throws IllegalArgumentException设置转换中实际的输出属性。
以两部分字符串形式传递限定属性名称,即用花括号括起来的名称空间 URI,后跟本地名称。如果名称中有 null URL,则 String 只包含本地名称。应用程序可以通过测试安全地检查非 null URI,以查看名称的首字符是否为 '{' 字符。
例如,如果 URI 和本地名称是从通过 <xyz:foo xmlns:xyz="http://xyz.foo.com/yada/baz.html"/> 定义的元素获取的,则限定名称将为 "{http://xyz.foo.com/yada/baz.html}foo"。注意,不使用前缀。
传递给 setOutputProperties(java.util.Properties) 的 Properties 对象不会受到调用此方法的影响。
参数:
name - 指定了输出属性名称的非 null String,它可以是名称空间限定的。
value - 输出属性的非 null 字符串值。
抛出:
IllegalArgumentException - 如果不支持属性,且该属性没有限定于某一名称空间。
另请参见:
OutputKeys
INDENT
indent = "yes" | "no". indent 指定了当输出结果树时,Transformer 是否可以添加额外的空白;其值必须为 yes 或 no。
*/
transform.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
//Source实现此接口的对象包含充当源输入(XML 源或转换指令)所需的信息
Source source = new DOMSource(doc);
//Result实现此接口的对象包含构建转换结果树所需的信息。
Result outputTarget = new StreamResult(xmlName);
transform.transform(source, outputTarget);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* 获取Document对象
* @param xmlName
*/
public static Document getDocument(String xmlName){
DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
Document doc = null ;
try {
DocumentBuilder builder = builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
doc = builder.parse(xmlName);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException();
}
return doc;
}
/**
* 创建Document对象
* @return
*/
public static Document newDocument(){
DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = null;
try {
builder = builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document doc = builder.newDocument();
doc.setXmlVersion("1.0");
doc.setXmlStandalone(true);
return doc;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException();
}
}
}
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
public class DomaAalyzeXml {
/**
* 遍历Students.xml
*/
@Test
public void traversalStudentXmlTest() {
// 获取Document对象
Document doc = DomUtils.getDocument("src/students.xml");
// 获取根元素
Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
NodeList list = root.getElementsByTagName("student");
for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
// Node node = list.item(i);
// Element element = (Element) node;
Element ele = (Element) list.item(i);
//打印
printElement(ele);
}
// 获取所有
// NodeList list = root.getChildNodes();
// /**
// * int getLength() 列表中的节点数。
// * Node item(int index) 返回集合中的第 index 个项。
// */
// for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
// Node node = list.item(i);
// if (node.getNodeType() == node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
// System.out.println(node.getNodeName() + ","
// + node.getNodeValue());
// }
// }
}
/**
* 给name为lisi元素添加<score>子元素
*/
@Test public void addChildNodeTest(){
Document doc = DomUtils.getDocument("src/students.xml");
Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
NodeList list = root.getElementsByTagName("student");
for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
Element ele = (Element)list.item(i);
String name = ele.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0).getTextContent();
if(name.equals("lisi")){
/**
* 1,创建<score>
* 2,给它添加文本元素
* 3,将<score>添加到ele中
* /
Element scoreEle = doc.createElement("score");
scoreEle.setTextContent("59.5");
ele.appendChild(scoreEle);
break;
}
}
DomUtils.saveDocument(doc, "src/addChildNode.xml");
}
/**
* 为张三添加friend属性,指定为李四学号
* @param ele
*/
@Test public void addAttributeTest(){
Document doc = DomUtils.getDocument("src/students.xml");
NodeList list = doc.getDocumentElement().getElementsByTagName("student");
Element ls = null;
Element zs = null;
for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
Element ele = (Element)list.item(i);
String name = ele.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0).getTextContent();
if("zhangsan".equals(name)){
zs = ele;
}else if ("lisi".equals(name)) {
ls = ele;
}
if(ls != null && zs != null){
break;
}
}
if(ls == null || zs == null){
return;
}
//获取lisi的number属性
String number = ls.getAttribute("number");
//创建<friend>
zs.setAttribute("friend", number);
//保存
DomUtils.saveDocument(doc, "src/addAttribute.xml");
}
/**
* 删除number为ID_1003的学生元素
*/
@Test public void deleteElementTest(){
Document doc = DomUtils.getDocument("src/students.xml");
Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
NodeList list = root.getElementsByTagName("student");
for(int i = 0 ; i < list.getLength();i++){
Element ele = (Element)list.item(i);
String number = ele.getAttribute("number");
if("N_1003".equals(number)){
//获取其父节点,再通过父节点来删除当前节点
ele.getParentNode().removeChild(ele);
}
}
//保存
DomUtils.saveDocument(doc, "src/deleteNode.xml");
}
/**
* 通过List<Student>生成Document并保存
*/
@Test public void testList2Document(){
//得到Student的集合对象
List<Student> stuList = getList();
//创建Document
Document doc = DomUtils.newDocument();
//给当前文档添加根元素
Element root = doc.createElement("students");
//为root元素添加子元素及其属性
/**
* 1,遍历Student集合对象,得到Student对象
* 2,将Student转换为Element
* 3,将元素添加到root中
*/
for (Student student : stuList) {
Element ele = toElement(doc, student);
root.appendChild(ele);
}
//将根元素添加到当前文档中
doc.appendChild(root);
DomUtils.saveDocument(doc, "src/student.xml");
}
/**
* 将Student转换为Element
* @param doc
* @param student
* @return
*/
private Element toElement(Document doc, Student stu) {
Element student_tag = doc.createElement("student");//学生节点
Element name = doc.createElement("name");
Element age = doc.createElement("age");
Element sex = doc.createElement("sex");
// 对Element各个属性赋值
student_tag.setAttribute("number", stu.getNumber());
name.setTextContent(stu.getName());
age.setTextContent(stu.getAge());
sex.setTextContent(stu.getSex());
// 将各个属性添加到 student 对象
student_tag.appendChild(name);
student_tag.appendChild(age);
student_tag.appendChild(sex);
return student_tag;
}
private List<Student> getList() {
List<Student> list = new LinkedList<Student>();
list.add(new Student("N_001","zhangSan","20","male"));
list.add(new Student("N_002","liSi","21","female"));
list.add(new Student("N_003","wangWu","22","male"));
list.add(new Student("N_004","zhaoLiu","23","female"));
list.add(new Student("N_005","chenQi","24","male"));
return list;
}
private void printElement(Element ele) {
String number = ele.getAttribute("number");
String name = ele.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0).getTextContent();
String age = ele.getElementsByTagName("age").item(0).getTextContent();
String sex = ele.getElementsByTagName("sex").item(0).getTextContent();
System.out.println(number + "--" + name + "-" + age + "-" + sex);
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><students>
<student number="N_001">
<name>zhangSan</name>
<age>20</age>
<sex>male</sex>
</student>
<student number="N_002">
<name>liSi</name>
<age>21</age>
<sex>female</sex>
</student>
<student number="N_003">
<name>wangWu</name>
<age>22</age>
<sex>male</sex>
</student>
<student number="N_004">
<name>zhaoLiu</name>
<age>23</age>
<sex>female</sex>
</student>
<student number="N_005">
<name>chenQi</name>
<age>24</age>
<sex>male</sex>
</student>
</students>
这里用的工具类只是简单的处理了,如果需要查看更加详细的dom4j的工具类方法,读者可以参考 Do4j,希望朋友多提宝贵意见。